On Writing Well 11.13

Vocabulary

1.I was sure we were in for chaos.

chaos:Chaos is a state of complete disorder and confusion.混亂,雜亂,紊亂e.g.The world's first transatlantic balloon race ended in chaos last night

2.It depended on the chimpanzee's state of attention.

chimpanzee:A chimpanzee is a kind of small African ape.黑猩猩

3.Electronic and fluidic circuits also have memory.

fluidic:流體的,液體的

fluid:液體;流動的;流暢優美的;不穩定的

fluidity:流動性

fluidics:應用流體學

circuit: 1)An electrical circuit is a complete route which an electric current can flow around.電路

2)A circuit is a series of places that are visited regularly by a person or group, especially as a part of their job.巡游

3)A racing circuit is a track on which cars, motorbikes, or cycles race.賽車道

4)A circuit of a place or area is a journey all the way round it.環形,環游

4.The example of the linseed oil is just piquant enough to make us wonder what "memory" really is.

piquant: 1)Food that is piquant has a pleasantly spicy taste.辛辣的,開胃的

2)Something that is piquant is interesting and exciting.引人入勝的。

Summary

Writing students usually have fear of science, while chemist or physicist or engineer have fear of writing. In fact, writing is thinking on paper. Anyone who thinks clearly can write clearly, about anything at all. Fact and deduction are the ruling family. Describing how a process works is valuable for two reasons. It forces you to make sure you know how it works. Then it forces you to take the reader through the same sequence of ideas and deduction that made the process clear to you. And the principle of scientific and technical writing applies to all nonfiction writing. Leading readers who know nothing, step by step, to a grasp of subjects they didn't think they had an aptitude for or were afraid they were too dumb to understand. Use your own experience to connect the reader to some mechanism that also touches his life. Another way to help your readers understand unfamiliar facts is to relate them to sights they are familiar with. Just write like a person and not like a scientist.

這篇講如何寫作科普文章。想起來讀《上帝的手術刀》時,顏寧先生在序言里寫,一個好的科普作家,同時也是對這個專業理解很好的人。科普作品的寫作,是真的很考驗能力。文筆不錯但理解不到位,寫不好;理解透徹,文字表達能力不好,也寫不了。所以《細胞生命的禮贊》才那么讓人驚喜。近來讀過最好的科普作品,要算《眾病之王:癌癥傳》了。初讀時還未接觸臨床,半是懵懂,把它當做故事來讀也非常開心。等學了預防醫學后再讀,又是不同感受。現在學內外科,老師講課時,回想起來,頗覺該再讀一遍。學分生的時候找了沃森的《雙螺旋》來讀,那本作為科普讀物就有些不夠好;《創世紀的第八天》則著重于發展的歷史與其中個人所起作用,總覺得……不是太有趣。前幾天讀完的《最年輕的科學》,是劉易斯托馬斯寫他親歷的醫學發展,很多腦洞可以說非常棒了。不過如果純以普通讀者的角度來看,這本書科普的成分要低一些【啊我在寫些啥】

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