CocoaPods－iOS

CocoaPods簡(jiǎn)介

CocoaPods是是一個(gè)管理項(xiàng)目中用到的第三方開源代碼的工具，使用目的是為了能集中管理和整合第三方開源庫。

安裝方法

1.在終端輸入以下命令進(jìn)行安裝

$ sudo gem install cocoapods

2.如果沒有翻墻可以將源換成淘寶的來解決這個(gè)問題

$ gem sources --remove https://rubygems.org/
$ gem sources -a http://ruby.taobao.org/

3.驗(yàn)證方法Ruby鏡像是并且僅是taobao，可以用以下命令查看

$ gem sources -l
在終端中顯示一下提示 說明安裝成功
$ CURRENT SOURCES
$ https://ruby.taobao.org/

16.12.26更新
注：如果淘寶源不可用可以將其替換為https://gems.ruby-china.org/

$ gem sources --add https://gems.ruby-china.org/ --remove https://ruby.taobao.org/

4.替換完ruby后 再次執(zhí)行以下命令

$ sudo gem install cocoapods

如果沒有錯(cuò)誤提示則跳過以下部分

問題：出現(xiàn)ERROR: While executing gem ... (Errno::EPERM)
Operation not permitted - /usr/bin/xcodeproj錯(cuò)誤提示
解決：用以下命令執(zhí)行
$ sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin cocoapods

因?yàn)樗许?xiàng)目的Podspec文件都托管在 https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs 第一次執(zhí)行 pod setup時(shí)，CocoaPods會(huì)將這些podspec索引文件更新到本地的 ~/.cocoapods/目錄下，這個(gè)索引文件比較大會(huì)比較慢，最后安裝完成后可以在Finder 中查找到以下目錄 /Users/用戶名/.cocoapods


如果順利可以在得到如下圖所示的結(jié)果，Specs內(nèi)有很多第三方庫目錄。

Xcode中的使用方法

1.終端命令打開項(xiàng)目文件夾并創(chuàng)建Podfile

$ cd Desktop/項(xiàng)目文件夾
$ touch Podfile
$ open Podfile

2.添加內(nèi)容，完成后保存。

platform :ios, '7.0'
pod 'SBJson', '~> 4.0.0

3.安裝pod

pod install

如果在安裝時(shí)提示"The dependency 'xxx' is not used in any concrete target" 就需要指明 target。
如下修改Podfile文件

platform :ios, '7.0'
target "test" do
pod 'SBJson', '~> 4.0.0
end

如果有多個(gè)target則需要用到abstract_target方法
一.區(qū)分target使用

Note: There are no targets called "Shows" in any Xcode project

sabstract_target 'Shows' do
pod 'ShowsKit'
pod 'Fabric'

Has its own copy of ShowsKit + ShowWebAuth target 'ShowsiOS' do

pod 'ShowWebAuth'
end

Has its own copy of ShowsKit + ShowTVAuth

target 'ShowsTV' do
pod 'ShowTVAuth'
end
end

二.不區(qū)分target 多個(gè)target使用同一個(gè)podfile

sabstract_target 'Defaults' do
pod 'CorePlot', '~> 2.0' #繪制數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)圖
pod 'pop', '~> 1.0' #Animation
pod 'Masonry' #自動(dòng)布局
target 'ShowsiOS-inhouse-test'
target 'ShowsiOS-inhouse-test copy'
target 'ShowsiOS-inhouse-dev'
end

首次安裝需要耐心等待 因?yàn)闀?huì)很慢 安裝結(jié)果



項(xiàng)目工程目錄中會(huì)多出以下文件


workspace下多個(gè)工程的Pods如何設(shè)置

首先在桌面新建一個(gè)目錄名為MyProject, 目錄下新建兩個(gè)工程名為TestO和TestT
打開終端輸入如下

$ cd Desktop/MyProject
$ touch Podfile
$ open Podfile

在Podfile中加入如下內(nèi)容



然后在終端中輸入

$ pod Install

安裝成功后的目錄


發(fā)布代碼到CocoaPods

1.創(chuàng)建自己的Pod

$ pod lib create PHMKeyboard

HMMacBook-Pro:CocoaPods phm$ pod lib create PHMKeyboard
Cloning `https://github.com/CocoaPods/pod-template.git` into `PHMKeyboard`.
Configuring PHMKeyboard template.

------------------------------

To get you started we need to ask a few questions, this should only take a minute.

If this is your first time we recommend running through with the guide: 
 - http://guides.cocoapods.org/making/using-pod-lib-create.html
 ( hold cmd and double click links to open in a browser. )


What language do you want to use?? [ Swift / ObjC ]
 > ObjC

Would you like to include a demo application with your library? [ Yes / No ]
 > 
yes
Which testing frameworks will you use? [ Specta / Kiwi / None ]
 > None

Would you like to do view based testing? [ Yes / No ]
 > NO

What is your class prefix?
 > PHM

Running pod install on your new library.

Analyzing dependencies
Fetching podspec for `PHMKeyboard` from `../`
Downloading dependencies
Installing PHMKeyboard (0.1.0)
Generating Pods project
Integrating client project

[!] Please close any current Xcode sessions and use `PHMKeyboard.xcworkspace` for this project from now on.
Sending stats
Pod installation complete! There is 1 dependency from the Podfile and 1 total pod installed.

 Ace! you're ready to go!
 We will start you off by opening your project in Xcode
  open 'PHMKeyboard/Example/PHMKeyboard.xcworkspace'

To learn more about the template see `https://github.com/CocoaPods/pod-template.git`.
To learn more about creating a new pod, see `http://guides.cocoapods.org/making/making-a-cocoapod`.

2.主要修改PHMKeyboard.podspec文件中的s.homepage，s.source，s.frameworks參數(shù)

#
# Be sure to run `pod lib lint PHMKeyboard.podspec' to ensure this is a
# valid spec before submitting.
#
# Any lines starting with a # are optional, but their use is encouraged
# To learn more about a Podspec see http://guides.cocoapods.org/syntax/podspec.html
#

Pod::Spec.new do |s|
  s.name             = 'PHMKeyboard'  #名稱
  s.version          = '0.1.0'  #版本號(hào)
  s.summary          = 'A short description of PHMKeyboard.'#簡(jiǎn)短介紹

# This description is used to generate tags and improve search results.
#   * Think: What does it do? Why did you write it? What is the focus?
#   * Try to keep it short, snappy and to the point.
#   * Write the description between the DESC delimiters below.
#   * Finally, don't worry about the indent, CocoaPods strips it!
#詳細(xì)介紹
  s.description      = <<-DESC
TODO: Add long description of the pod here.
                       DESC

  s.homepage         = 'https://github.com/<GITHUB_USERNAME>/PHMKeyboard'#主頁
  # s.screenshots     = 'www.example.com/screenshots_1', 'www.example.com/screenshots_2'#截圖
  s.license          = { :type => 'MIT', :file => 'LICENSE' }#協(xié)議
  s.author           = { 'PHM' => '251962881@qq.com' }//作者信息
  s.source           = { :git => 'https://github.com/<GITHUB_USERNAME>/PHMKeyboard.git', :tag => s.version.to_s }#項(xiàng)目地址
  # s.social_media_url = 'https://twitter.com/<TWITTER_USERNAME>'#多媒體介紹地址

  s.ios.deployment_target = '8.0'#支持版本

  s.source_files = 'PHMKeyboard/Classes/**/*'#代碼源文件地址
  
  # s.resource_bundles = {
  #   'PHMKeyboard' => ['PHMKeyboard/Assets/*.png']
  # }#資源文件地址

  # s.public_header_files = 'Pod/Classes/**/*.h'#公開頭文件地址
  s.frameworks = 'UIKit', 'Foundation'#所需的framework，多個(gè)用逗號(hào)隔開
  # s.dependency 'AFNetworking', '~> 2.3'#依賴關(guān)系，該項(xiàng)目所依賴的其他庫，
end

3.添加文件后把本地初始化pod并提交到Github
4.初始化pod：

$ pod lib lint --allow-warnings

HMMacBook-Pro:PHMKeyboard phm$ pod lib lint --allow-warnings

 -> PHMKeyboard (0.1.0)
    - WARN  | summary: The summary is not meaningful.

PHMKeyboard passed validation.

5.注冊(cè)CocoaPods并提交pod

HMMacBook-Pro:PHMKeyboard phm$ pod trunk register 251962881@qq.com 'phm' --description='macbook pro'
[!] Please verify the session by clicking the link in the verification email that has been sent to 251962881@qq.com

6.打開郵件點(diǎn)擊連接出現(xiàn)如下信息


7.部署自己的pod 上傳podspec文件
在上傳之前，先打個(gè)tag標(biāo)記，然后再驗(yàn)證下podspec文件是否正確
創(chuàng)建tag

$ git tag '1.0.0'
$ git push --tags

刪除tag方法

//查看tag
$ git tag
//刪除一個(gè)指定的tag，并上傳一個(gè)空tag到遠(yuǎn)程tag
git tag -d <tagName>
git push origin :refs/tags/< tagName >

版本號(hào)需與podspec文件中的版本號(hào)統(tǒng)一否則會(huì)版本錯(cuò)誤
驗(yàn)證Podspec

$ pod lib lint

最后執(zhí)行Pod部署

$ pod trunk push PHMKeyboard.podspec --allow-warnings

如果出現(xiàn)ERROR | [iOS] The source_files pattern did not match any file.提示
解決方法：修改PHMKeyboard.podspec文件中source 添加commit。

 s.source = { :git => 'https://github.com/callHM/PHMKeyboard.git', :commit => '878d6c0bf8fa2b6cbe790afa566a7fcd15439f5c'}
 s.source_files = 'PHMKeyboard/Classes/*.{h,m}'

HMMacBook-Pro:PHMKeyboard phm$ pod trunk push PHMKeyboard.podspec --allow-warnings
Updating spec repo `master`

CocoaPods 1.2.0.beta.1 is available.
To update use: `sudo gem install cocoapods --pre`
[!] This is a test version we'd love you to try.

For more information, see https://blog.cocoapods.org and the CHANGELOG for this version at https://github.com/CocoaPods/CocoaPods/releases/tag/1.2.0.beta.1

Validating podspec
 -> PHMKeyboard (1.0.0)
    - WARN  | summary: The summary is not meaningful.

Updating spec repo `master`

CocoaPods 1.2.0.beta.1 is available.
To update use: `sudo gem install cocoapods --pre`
[!] This is a test version we'd love you to try.

For more information, see https://blog.cocoapods.org and the CHANGELOG for this version at https://github.com/CocoaPods/CocoaPods/releases/tag/1.2.0.beta.1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 ??  Congrats

 ??  PHMKeyboard (1.0.0) successfully published
 ??  December 26th, 09:29
 ??  https://cocoapods.org/pods/PHMKeyboard
 ??  Tell your friends!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

驗(yàn)證方法

pod spec lint PHMKeyboard.podspec --allow-warnings

HMMacBook-Pro:PHMKeyboard phm$ pod spec lint PHMKeyboard.podspec --allow-warnings
 -> PHMKeyboard (1.0.0)
    - WARN  | summary: The summary is not meaningful.
Analyzed 1 podspec.
PHMKeyboard.podspec passed validation.```

更新自己的pod
先修改完代碼之后，提交到Github并push到CocoaPods：
>$ git tag '0.1.1'
$ git push --tags
$ pod trunk push PHMKeyboard.podspec --allow-warnings

查看CocoaPods上的個(gè)人信息
>pod trunk me

HMMacBook-Pro:PHMKeyboard phm$ pod trunk me

  • Name: phm
  • Email: 251962881@qq.com
  • Since: December 26th, 08:03
  • Pods:
    • PHMKeyboard
  • Sessions:
    • December 26th, 08:03 - May 3rd, 2017 09:30.
查看庫在CocoaPods上能否被找到

>$  pod search PHMKeyboard

##其它命令及相關(guān)內(nèi)容
---
1.查看版本信息
>$ pod --version

2.卸載cocoaPods
>$ sudo gem uninstall cocoa pods

3.CocoaPods在Xcode上有插件 `Xcode8.0后不可用`
[XCode插件管理工具alcatraz](http://alcatraz.io)
![](http://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/2529977-d6a6ba2462c950f3.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)

##擴(kuò)展閱讀
---
http://www.lxweimin.com/p/ba56c628d190
http://blog.csdn.net/keleyundou/article/details/49635589
最后編輯于 ：
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