1. 簡介
- UserNotifications官方文檔說明
- 內(nèi)容豐富；可以獲得用戶是否同意推送等notification setting信息；提供trigger；app在前臺可以捕捉并處理即將觸發(fā)的推送
- 框架是UserNotifications.framework；支持UserNotificationsUI.framework自定義通知的UI展示
2. UserNotifications.framework
2.1 本地通知的trigger
- 新功能trigger，可以在特定條件觸發(fā)，有三類：UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger、UNCalendarNotificationTrigger、UNLocationNotificationTrigger
- UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger：一段時(shí)間后觸發(fā)
//2min后提醒
UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger *trigger1 = [UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger triggerWithTimeInterval:120 repeats:NO];
- UNCalendarNotificationTrigger ：調(diào)用triggerWithDateMatchingComponents:repeats: 進(jìn)行注冊；時(shí)間點(diǎn)信息用 NSDateComponents
//每周日早上 8：00 提醒
NSDateComponents *components = [[NSDateComponents alloc] init];
components.weekday = 1;
components.hour = 8;
UNCalendarNotificationTrigger *trigger2 = [UNCalendarNotificationTrigger triggerWithDateMatchingComponents:components repeats:YES];
//NSDateComponets的注意點(diǎn)，有了時(shí)間并不能得到weekday
NSDateComponents *dateComponents = [[NSDateComponents alloc] init];
dateComponents.day = 11;
dateComponents.month = 7;
dateComponents.year = 2016;
//輸出結(jié)果是NSDateComponentUndefined = NSIntegerMax
NSLog(@"%td", dateComponents.weekday);
//根據(jù)calendar計(jì)算出當(dāng)天是周幾
NSCalendar *gregorianCalendar = [[NSCalendar alloc] initWithCalendarIdentifier:NSCalendarIdentifierGregorian];
NSDate *date = [gregorianCalendar dateFromComponents:dateComponents];
NSInteger weekday = [gregorianCalendar component:NSCalendarUnitWeekday fromDate:date];
NSLog(@"%td", weekday);
dateComponents.weekday = weekday;
NSLog(@"%@", dateComponents);
- UNLocationNotificationTrigger：調(diào)用triggerWithRegion:repeats:進(jìn)行注冊，地區(qū)信息使用CLRegion，可以配置region屬性 notifyOnEntry和notifyOnExit，是在進(jìn)入地區(qū)、從地區(qū)出來或者兩者都要的時(shí)候進(jìn)行通知
//圓形區(qū)域，進(jìn)入時(shí)候進(jìn)行通知
CLLocationCoordinate2D center = CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(37.335400, -122.009201);
CLCircularRegion* region = [[CLCircularRegion alloc] initWithCenter:center
radius:2000.0 identifier:@"Headquarters"];
region.notifyOnEntry = YES;
region.notifyOnExit = NO;
UNLocationNotificationTrigger* trigger = [UNLocationNotificationTrigger
triggerWithRegion:region repeats:NO];
2.2 Content
UNNotificationContent：屬性readOnly
UNMutableNotificationContent：屬性有title、subtitle、body、badge、sound、lauchImageName、userInfo、attachments、categoryIdentifier、threadIdentifier
| 本地消息內(nèi)容 | 內(nèi)容限制大小 | 展示 |
|---|---|---|
| title | NSString | 限制在一行，多出部分省略號 |
| subtitle | NSString | 限制在一行，多出部分省略號 |
| body | NSString | 通知欄出現(xiàn)時(shí)，限制在兩行，多出部分省略號；預(yù)覽時(shí)，全部展示 |
注意點(diǎn): body中printf風(fēng)格的轉(zhuǎn)義字符，比如說要包含%，需要寫成%% 才會(huì)顯示，\同樣
notification
2.2.1 attachments
- 本地推送和遠(yuǎn)程推送同時(shí)都可支持附帶Media Attachments。不過遠(yuǎn)程通知需要實(shí)現(xiàn)通知服務(wù)擴(kuò)展UNNotificationServiceExtension，在service extension里面去下載attachment，但是需要注意，service extension會(huì)限制下載的時(shí)間，并且下載的文件大小也會(huì)同樣被限制。這里畢竟是一個(gè)推送，而不是把所有的內(nèi)容都推送給用戶。所以你應(yīng)該去推送一些縮小比例之后的版本。比如圖片，推送里面附帶縮略圖，當(dāng)用戶打開app之后，再去下載完整的高清圖。視頻就附帶視頻的關(guān)鍵幀或者開頭的幾秒，當(dāng)用戶打開app之后再去下載完整視頻。
- attachment支持圖片，音頻，視頻，附件支持的類型及大小
- 系統(tǒng)會(huì)在通知注冊前校驗(yàn)附件，如果附件出問題，通知注冊失敗；校驗(yàn)成功后，附件會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)入attachment data store；如果附件是在app bundle,則是會(huì)被copy來取代move
- media attachments可以利用3d touch進(jìn)行預(yù)覽和操作
- attachment data store的位置？利用代碼測試 獲取在磁盤上的圖片文件作為attachment，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)注冊完通知后，圖片文件被移除，在app的沙盒中找不到該文件在哪里； 想要獲取已存在的附件內(nèi)容，文檔中提及可以通過UNUserNotificationCenter中方法，但目前文檔中這2個(gè)方法還是灰的
getDataForAttachment:withCompletionHandler:
getReadFileHandleForAttachment:withCompletionHandler:
sound notification
2.2.2 代碼片段示例
UNMutableNotificationContent* content = [[UNMutableNotificationContent alloc] init];
content.title = [NSString localizedUserNotificationStringForKey:@"Hello 5 seconds!" arguments:nil];
content.body = [NSString localizedUserNotificationStringForKey:@"Hello_message_body" arguments:nil];
content.subtitle = [NSString localizedUserNotificationStringForKey:@"good day" arguments:nil];
content.sound = [UNNotificationSound defaultSound];
//NSURL *url = [[NSBundle mainBundle] URLForResource:@"image_1" withExtension:@"jpeg"];
NSURL *url = [[NSBundle mainBundle] URLForResource:@"xiongben" withExtension:@"gif"];
UNNotificationAttachment *attch = [UNNotificationAttachment attachmentWithIdentifier:@"photo" URL:url options:nil error:nil];
content.attachments = @[attch];
//......
2.3 actions
與UILocalNotification相似，也有action和category，在UserNotifications框架中對應(yīng)UNNotificationAction和UNNotificationCategory
2.3.1 代碼片段示例
UNNotificationAction *enterAction = [UNNotificationAction actionWithIdentifier:@"enterApp" title:@"進(jìn)入應(yīng)用" options:UNNotificationActionOptionForeground];
UNNotificationAction *ingnoreAction = [UNNotificationAction actionWithIdentifier:@"ignore" title:@"忽略" options:UNNotificationActionOptionDestructive];
UNNotificationCategory *category = [UNNotificationCategory categoryWithIdentifier:@"helloIdentifier" actions:@[enterAction,ingnoreAction] minimalActions:@[enterAction,ingnoreAction] intentIdentifiers:@[] options:UNNotificationCategoryOptionNone];
[[UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter] setNotificationCategories:[NSSet setWithObjects:category, nil]];
2.4 注冊通知過程
- UNUserNotificationCenter規(guī)劃所有通知，管理和通知相關(guān)的行為；通過currentNotificationCenter獲取單例
- 獲取通知權(quán)限，通過requestAuthorizationWithOptions:completionHandler: 向用戶請求打開權(quán)限； getNotificationSettingsWithCompletionHandler: 可以返回通知權(quán)限狀態(tài)
- 設(shè)置UNMutableNotificationContent，通過通過categories配置可操作的通知
- 利用trigger設(shè)置通知出發(fā)的條件
- requestWithIdentifier:content:trigger:初始化UNNotificationRequest
- addNotificationRequest:withCompletionHandler: 注冊通知
- removePendingNotificationRequestsWithIdentifiers: 或者removeAllPendingNotificationRequests 可以取消通知
2.4.1 代碼示例
//authorization
UNUserNotificationCenter* center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];
[center requestAuthorizationWithOptions:(UNAuthorizationOptionAlert + UNAuthorizationOptionSound)
completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
if(granted)
{
NSLog(@"授權(quán)成功");
}
}];
//regitser
UNMutableNotificationContent* content = [[UNMutableNotificationContent alloc] init];
content.title = [NSString localizedUserNotificationStringForKey:@"Hello 5 seconds!" arguments:nil];
content.body = [NSString localizedUserNotificationStringForKey:@"Hello_message_body" arguments:nil];
content.subtitle = [NSString localizedUserNotificationStringForKey:@"good day" arguments:nil];
content.sound = [UNNotificationSound defaultSound];
// Deliver the notification in ten seconds.
UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger* trigger = [UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger triggerWithTimeInterval:10 repeats:NO];
UNNotificationRequest* request = [UNNotificationRequest requestWithIdentifier:@"FiveSecond"
content:content
trigger:trigger];
// Schedule the notification.
[[UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter] addNotificationRequest:request withCompletionHandler:^(NSError * _Nullable error) {
if(error)
{
NSLog(@"%@",error);
}
}];
2.5 UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate
- 主要2個(gè)方法：接收通知，處理用戶行為
- 通過userNotificationCenter:willPresentNotification:withCompletionHandler:將通知傳遞給前臺運(yùn)行的app
- 通過userNotificationCenter:didReceiveNotificationResponse:withCompletionHandler:將用戶對通知響應(yīng)結(jié)果告訴app
2.6 Structures
| Structures | desc |
|---|---|
| UNAuthorizationOptions | badge、sound、alert、carPlay(在行車模式下也可以展示通知) |
| UNNotificationActionOptions | autheticationRequired、destructive、foreground |
| UNNotificationPresentationOptions | badge、sound、alert |
3. UserNotificationsUI.framework
3.1 UNNotificationContentExtension
- 如何自定義通知界面
- wwdc-2016-rich-notifications-in-ios-10
- 注意：stackoverflow上答案
自定義界面（來自網(wǎng)絡(luò)）
4. UNNotificationServiceExtension
4.1 模擬發(fā)送remote notification
4.1.1 app注冊遠(yuǎn)程通知，獲取deviceToken
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
// Override point for customization after application launch.
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerForRemoteNotifications];
return YES;
}
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(nonnull NSData *)deviceToken
{
NSLog(@"deviceToken:%@",deviceToken);
NSString *deviceTokenSt = [[[[deviceToken description]
stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"<" withString:@""]
stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@">" withString:@""]
stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@" " withString:@""];
NSLog(@"deviceTokenSt:%@",deviceTokenSt);
}
4.2 調(diào)用到ServiceExtension的條件
- 遠(yuǎn)程通知展示alert給用戶
- 遠(yuǎn)程通知aps json字段中必須包含mutable-content鍵，并且值為1
4.3 主要處理函數(shù)
- (void)didReceiveNotificationRequest:(UNNotificationRequest *)request
withContentHandler:(void (^)(UNNotificationContent * _Nonnull))contentHandler {
self.contentHandler = contentHandler;
self.bestAttemptContent = [request.content mutableCopy];
// Modify the notification content here...
self.contentHandler(self.bestAttemptContent);
}
在該方法下載附件，或者做其他處理變動(dòng)，可以做到在通知到達(dá)用戶手機(jī)前做修改
4.3.1 aps內(nèi)容
{
"aps":
{
"alert":
{
"title":"hello",
"subtitle" : "Session 01",
"body":"it is a beautiful day"
},
"category":"helloIdentifier",
"badge":1,
"mutable-content":1,
"sound":"default",
"image":"https://picjumbo.imgix.net/HNCK8461.jpg?q=40&w=200&sharp=30"
}
}
4.3.2 示例代碼
在上述didReceiveNotificationRequest: withContentHandler:方法中對image鍵值路徑請求數(shù)據(jù)下載到本地，然后通過url設(shè)置attach
- (void)didReceiveNotificationRequest:(UNNotificationRequest *)request
withContentHandler:(void (^)(UNNotificationContent * _Nonnull))contentHandler {
self.contentHandler = contentHandler;
self.bestAttemptContent = [request.content mutableCopy];
self.bestAttemptContent.title = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ [modified]", self.bestAttemptContent.title];
NSDictionary *apsDic = [request.content.userInfo objectForKey:@"aps"];
NSString *attachUrl = [apsDic objectForKey:@"image"];
NSLog(@"%@",attachUrl);
//下載圖片，放到本地
UIImage * imageFromURL = [self getImageFromURL:attachUrl];
//獲取document目錄
NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask,YES );
NSString *documentsDirectoryPath = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
NSLog(@"document path: %@",documentsDirectoryPath);
NSString *localPath = [self saveImage:imageFromURL withFileName:@"MyImage" ofType:@"png" inDirectory:documentsDirectoryPath];
if (localPath && ![localPath isEqualToString: @""])
{
UNNotificationAttachment *attch= [UNNotificationAttachment attachmentWithIdentifier:@"photo"
URL:[NSURL URLWithString:[@"file://" stringByAppendingString:localPath]]
options:nil
error:nil];
if(attch)
{
self.bestAttemptContent.attachments = @[attch];
}
}
self.contentHandler(self.bestAttemptContent);
}
//另一種下載方式
NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sharedSession];
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:attachUrl];
NSURLSessionDownloadTask *downloadTask = [session downloadTaskWithURL:url
completionHandler:^(NSURL * _Nullable location,
NSURLResponse * _Nullable response,
NSError * _Nullable error) {
NSString *caches = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) lastObject];
// response.suggestedFilename ： 建議使用的文件名，一般跟服務(wù)器端的文件名一致
NSString *file = [caches stringByAppendingPathComponent:response.suggestedFilename];
// 將臨時(shí)文件剪切或者復(fù)制Caches文件夾
NSFileManager *mgr = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
// AtPath : 剪切前的文件路徑
// ToPath : 剪切后的文件路徑
[mgr moveItemAtPath:location.path toPath:file error:nil];
if (file && ![file isEqualToString: @""])
{
UNNotificationAttachment *attch= [UNNotificationAttachment attachmentWithIdentifier:@"photo"
URL:[NSURL URLWithString:[@"file://" stringByAppendingString:file]]
options:nil
error:nil];
if(attch)
{
self.bestAttemptContent.attachments = @[attch];
}
}
self.contentHandler(self.bestAttemptContent);
}];
[downloadTask resume];
