1 General Information 基本信息
-Topics about?personal experience, campus-based situations, and academic materials. 話題內容來自個人經歷，校園生活和課堂教學材料
-20 minutes to complete 20分鐘內做完
-6 questions? 共6個問題
Questions 1 and 2 : the Independent Speaking questions on topics that are familiar to you. 第1 2題是自述題 問的是個人熟悉的話題
Questions 3 through 6 are the Integrated Speaking questions. 第3到6為綜合題。For these questions, you have to use more than one skill. Some questions require you to read, listen, and then speak, while others require you to listen and then speak. 有的題目需要聽錄音讀材料，然后再表述，有的則是聽完錄音開始進行表述。When you listen, you will hear accents from North America, and you may also hear accents from the U.K. 聽力材料的口音可能是北美音或英國音。
For all Speaking questions, you use a headset with a microphone to record your responses. Your responses are sent to ETS to be scored by certified raters. The Speaking section is scored on a scale from 0-30.你會用帶有麥克風的耳麥錄下口語闡述題的答案。錄音被發送到ETS評分員那里評分。口語評分結果從0到30不等。
2 Talking to the computer 對著電腦說話
If you feel uncomfortable talking at a computer, just remember this: when you speak your responses into the microphone, the computer isn't judging you. It doesn't care what you look like or what you're wearing or know what you did with your hair that day. But if you have an interview and the interviewer is scoring your responses, then those are all things that the? interviewer can see and they could negatively affect your score, even unintentionally. So, hopefully when you realize that the computer isn't judging you, that will help you to relax, focus on the topic you're speaking about and give your best response. 如果你覺得對著電腦說話很別扭，那么想一下，電腦并不會給你直接打分。你的穿著行為發型等等都不會影響打分。如果你對著一個面試官進行口語闡述，你的成績可能會在無意間被你的舉止衣著等其他因素影響。對著電腦說話幫你除去了各種影響和偏差呢，放松專注的對著它說出你的想法吧。
Now, if you're the kind of person who really just prefers to be interacting with someone when you speak, try this: when you're taking the test, just imagine that you're with someone you trust, maybe a friend, a family member, a classmate. Pretend you're talking to that person about what the main point of the lecture is or whatever the speaking question is about. Pretend it's part of a conversation and you may be more comfortable giving your response. 換言之，如果你是一個非常喜歡直接和人打交道的人，那么試試這樣做: 設想坐在你對面的不是電腦而是你信任熟悉的朋友，親人，同學等。就當作你在和這個人說說今天上課的內容或者回答對應的問題。想象著這是你們之間的對話，有助于讓回答更流暢自然。
One last piece of advice for getting comfortable talking to a computer: practice.最重要的一點就是多練習啦
3 Timing and Approach 做題時間規劃
TheTOEFL? test will take you through each of the 6 Speaking questions, giving you a certain amount of time to prepare and speak for each one. 托福口語有6道試題，每個都給你足夠的準備時間。Depending on the question type, you will have between 15 and 30 seconds to prepare your Speaking response. 根據問題類型的不同，你有15到30秒時間來準備回答。
It’s important that you use this time to decide what you want to say, but do not try to write down your full response; you won’t have time to write everything down, and raters expect to hear you speaking naturally, not reading from a script. 這個時間是讓你決定說什么用的，而不是寫下你的回答然后讀下來的，你沒時間這么做，評分人也期待聽到自然的陳述，而不是朗讀。Then, you will have 45 or 60 seconds to actually speak your response. 真正的作答時間在45-60秒之間。 These times will be displayed with a countdown clock on your computer screen so that you will know how much time you have left to prepare and to speak. 時間會在計算機屏幕上倒計時顯示，你就知道自己還剩多少時間準備或者敘述。
Remember, your response should only provide content that the question asks of you. 記住問題問什么我們就回答什么。For questions 1 and 2, try to keep things simple and focused on the main message you want to share.? Then, support your main message with examples or details. 第一第二題中分享的主要信息要做到簡單明確，然后圍繞重點舉例子。 For items 3 through 6, don't try to repeat everything you heard in a conversation or lecture. You should expect the Speaking section to last for about a total of 20 minutes. 第三到第六題 不要試圖重復課堂對話的每個細節。 整個口語考試大概持續20分鐘。
4 Question Types:
4.1 Independent Questions 1 and 2 獨立題（第1 2題）
Independent Speaking questions ask about familiar topics. You will need to talk about a personal preference or make a personal choice. 獨立口語題問的是你熟悉的滑梯。你只要說出自己的喜好或者是選擇就可以了。
- no additional reading or listening passages 沒有額外聽力或者閱讀材料
- 15 seconds to prepare 準備15秒
- 45 seconds to speak 敘述15秒
How to approach the questions
- Use the preparation time to organize your thoughts, jot down some notes. 準備時候整理思路，簡單記錄
Don't try to write a full response. the raters scoring your response want to hear you speaking, not reading, and they can tell the difference. ?不要寫下所有的內容，評分者希望聽到你正常的口語而不是朗讀，他們口語聽出差別。
- Don't memorize responses 不要背答案
it will lower your score. It's very easy for ETS raters to identify memorized responses because they sound different, and the content is different, from responses that are more natural and spontaneous. 背答案的成績會更低，因為評分者很容易就聽出來背的和自己現場想的答案之間的區別
- speak naturally and use common connecting words 使用連接詞來進行自然的表述
Some of those are "because," "so," "after that," "on the other hand," "I want to mention," and "what this means is". It's not necessary to organize your response into an introduction, a middle, and a conclusion,like you would with a written essay. ? 口語中只要適當用到連接詞就口語了，不需要像寫論文那樣有清晰的介紹，主題，結論的結構
4.2. Integrated Questions 3 and 5 綜合題（第3 5題）
Ask about campus situations
Question 3:
-You will read a passage about a campus-related topic.Then you will listen to a response to that topic.You will be asked about a speaker’s opinion and how it relates to ideas in a reading passage. Note that you will not be able to see the reading passage while you speak your response. You need to explain how that person's opinion relates to the issues presented in the reading passage.?
-30 seconds to prepare your response
-60 seconds to speak your answer.?
Question 5
-you will listen to a short conversation about a campus-related problem, and you will be asked to recommend one of two solutions to the problem. you will need to describe the problem and then give your opinion about what the solution should be.
- 20 seconds to prepare your response
- 60 seconds to speak your answer
Integrated Speaking Questions 3 and 5: Approach Tips 答題攻略
1. Be careful not to speak too quickly, because this might make it difficult for the rater to understand you.The questions are designed so that if you speak at a normal pace, you will have enough time to give a complete response. You'll get better at this if you time yourself when you practice. 口語回答時間是根據大家平時講話的語速設計的，時間很充分，說得太快反而不利于評分員理解你的意思。平時練習時候給自己定時，會進步更快喲
2. In Question 3, where you have the reading passage, then the conversation between 2 speakers, listen carefully to the speaker's reasons for agreeing or disagreeing with points made in the reading. Then make sure you summarize the opinion of the speaker in your answer.
第三題：你需要閱讀一段材料，然后聽兩個人的對話。仔細聽取對話中和閱讀材料有關的內容，聽聽他們為什么同意或者不同意某個觀點。回答的時候一定要總結聽力材料里對話雙方的觀點
3. For Question 5, as you listen, focus on identifying and understanding what the problem and possible solutions are. And then write down a few key words or ideas on your scratch paper. But remember, you need to do more than summarize in your response; you also need to give your opinion.
第五題：聽的時候集中注意力理解在討論什么問題，可能的解決方法有什么。可以在草稿紙上快速寫下關鍵詞。回答的時候不僅要做總結，你也要給出自己的意見。
So don't spend too much time summarizing. Use most of your time explaining why it is the best solution. 不要把所有時間花在總結上，把時間用來解釋為什么某個解決方案最好
4.3. Integrated Questions 4 and 6 綜合題（第4 6題）
about content in academic courses 都是關于學術課程的內容
Question 4: 第四題
you will read a passage about an academic subject(about an important academic term or concept that might be found in a first year college textbook).? Then you will listen to part of a lecture on that same subject. you are asked to combine and convey information from a reading passage and a lecture. Note that you will not be able to see the reading passage while you speak your response. 你會先閱讀一段學術主題的文字（一般是大學一年級的課程里面的內容），然后再聽一段相同主題的課堂錄音。你需要綜合整理闡述一下閱讀和錄音的內容。 注意：你在口語闡述的時候是看不到閱讀的內容的
-30 seconds to prepare 準備時間30秒
-60 seconds to speak your answer 口語回答時間60秒
例子：A science reading might explain what a "keystone species" is. A reading from psychology might describe what is meant by "emotional intelligence".?
Question 6: 第六題
you listen to part of a lecture, then summarize the main concept using points and examples given in the lecture. The listening passage is an excerpt from an academic lecture on a single topic. Usually it starts with the professor either defining a concept or highlighting an issue. Then it will have examples that help explain or clarify the issue
你會聽到一節課的部分，然后對課上的主要概念和例子進行總結。聽力材料是學術課程的一個小片段，學術課程是單一主題的。一般來說一開始會聽到教授定義一個概念或者是突出一個問題。然后教授會給一些例子來解釋。
-20 seconds to prepare your response 準備時間20秒
-60 seconds to speak your answer (summary of the lecture) 回答時間60秒（總結課堂內容）
Integrated Speaking Questions 4 and 6 Approach Tips 答題攻略
抓住此類題目的特點：平時多用學術文章來練習，你不需要提前知道某個學科的具體知識，因為托福考察的是英語水平不是具體的學科知識
1.Possible topics:?life science, social science, physical science,history, art, literature. 可能涉及的話題有：生命科學，社會科學，物理，歷史，藝術，文學
The questions are designed so that you don't need any prior knowledge in a specific field to answer the question. Even though a question is about an academic topic, ultimately it's not testing your knowledge of that topic, it's testing your English. 具體的問題都不要求你之前學過這些方面的知識。這是用來測試英語水平的，不是考察你這些方面的知識的。
2.Take notes??做筆記
Write down a few key words or ideas on your scratch paper. Use the preparation time to review your notes, and prepare your response. 用草稿紙記下重點詞提示詞，準備時間對就找自己的筆記來整理回答
3. Time management 答題時間管理
If you finish your response before time runs out, don't just repeat yourself to fill the remaining time. Say something that clarifies, develops, or elaborates on your response.?Practice timing yourself so that you get used to the amount of time you have to answer a question. 如果在作答時間用完前你就說完了，那么在剩下的時間內不要重復。補充說一點澄清，拓展或者具體化你的答案的內容。 在平時練習的時候就要給自己計時回答。
5 How the questions are scored 評分標準
In the Speaking section, all six responses are scored on a scale from zero to four. 口語部分每題從0到4分不等 And they're scored holistically, which means that the raters listen for various features in your response and then give it an overall score. Although there are some variations depending on the question, raters will be looking for three main things. 評分者會聽完你的口語回答根據各個方面綜合評分。雖然有一些小的不同，但是總體看三個方面。
5.1 Delivery 表達能力
Your speech needs to be clear and fluid,with good pronunciation. The pace, or speed, of your speech should be natural. And you should have good-sounding intonation patterns. 你的口語表達是否清晰流利，并且發音標準。速度要自然，語調優美。
5.2 Language Use. 語言使用
This is mainly how you use grammar and vocabulary to express your ideas. 主要考察你的運用語法和詞匯表達自己的能力
5.3 ?Topic Development. 話題深入
This is mainly how fully you answer the question, how clearly you express your ideas, and how you can connect one idea to the next in a way that is easy to follow. 這里會考量你是否深刻理解問題，能否清晰的表達自己的想法，你怎么把想法串聯起來并用別人非常容易理解的方式表達出來
5.4 About Making Mistakes 小錯誤
It's important to remember that even native speakers make mistakes when they speak. While speaking your responses on theTOEFL?test, you can make occasional errors in pronunciation, grammar and vocabulary and still get a high score. A high score does not mean a response is perfect, but it does mean that it is intelligible. 最重要的一點是，哪怕英語母語者說話的時候也可能犯各種小錯誤。當你回答托福口語題的時候，可以偶爾有些發音語法或者詞匯問題，還是有可能得到高分的。高分不代表回答是完美的，高分代表的是你的口語回答清晰明了。
You can view the Speaking rubrics here:[Speaking Rubrics(opens new window)]
Familiarize yourself with the contents of the rubrics to learn what raters are looking for in a high-level response. In the rubrics, you can see that there is some room for mistakes/errors in delivery, language use, and topic development even at the highest score band, as long as your response is still clear and you include all the information that is relevant to the question. If you make a mistake, don’t let it worry you too much. Quickly correct the mistake if you are able to, and continue speaking so that you can give a full response.可以去研究一下評分量規，看看評分者在什么情況下會給高分。
5.5 其他問題：
Do Pronunciation and Accent Affect Scoring? 發音和口音會不會影響發奮呢？
TOEFL?raters are accustomed to hearing various accents from around the world. The important thing is to have clear pronunciation so your responses can be understood. As long as your speech is comprehensible, it is possible to receive a high score with an accent. 托福評分者習慣了來自世界各地的各種各樣的口音。最重要的是你的回答必須有可以讓人輕松理解的清晰的發音。只要你的口語語音別人可以理解，就算有口音也還是可能拿到高分的。如果你擔心的話可以參考以下資料：
Resources
Here is a list of additional speaking resources. These resources offer information about spoken English and ways for you to practice speaking in English. The links will take you outside of the course and the edX platform.
Find a conversation partner for free, and chat using your preferred software (such as Skype?, WeChat?or Google?Hangouts):
·http://www.conversationexchange.com/(opens new window)
Practice your English and receive feedback from a community of speakers:
·https://www.reddit.com/r/JudgeMyAccent/(opens new window): Here you can post sound files of yourself speaking in English. Other users can listen to the sound files and provide feedback on your pronunciation and intonation. You can also comment on their speech.
Read about the features of spoken English:
·http://www.uefap.com/speaking/feature/complex.htm(opens new window)
·http://britishenglishcoach.com/5-things-you-should-know-about-spoken-english/(opens new window)
Work on your pronunciation:
·http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish/english/features/pronunciation(opens new window)
·http://www.dictionary.com/(opens new window)ortranslate.google.com(opens new window): Access an online dictionary or translator that gives you the option to hear a speaker pronounce the words you look up. After you look up a word or phrase and listen to the pronunciation, you can then try to pronounce it just like the speaker.
Focus on the intonation patterns of native English speakers, as well as on their pronunciation of words, by listening to conversations at normal or slow speed:
·http://esl.culips.com/(opens new window)
Work on building your speaking confidence:
·https://www.reddit.com/r/PublicSpeaking/(opens new window): Here you can read tips for public speaking that are posted by users, including how to build confidence for speaking in front of a group. You can also post questions and receive answers, or comment on the questions of others.
