簡(jiǎn)易線程控制方法：
新建線程，無(wú)返回值，不帶參
Thread thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart());
thread.Start();
新建線程 ，無(wú)返回值，帶參數(shù)
Thread thread = new Thread(new ParameterizedThreadStart(object));
thread.Start(object);
主線程等待異步線程運(yùn)行結(jié)束后繼續(xù)執(zhí)行
thread.join();
中斷當(dāng)前線程，拋出ThreadAbortException 異常，異常參數(shù)ExceptionState為object
Thread.CurrentThread.Abort(object);
?//取消終止，繼續(xù)執(zhí)行線程
Thread.ResetAbort();
通過(guò)線程池控制：
工作者線程，直接使用方式，無(wú)返回值，需傳遞object對(duì)象，可不帶參數(shù)默認(rèn)為null
缺點(diǎn)：不可帶多個(gè)參數(shù)，不可返回值
?ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(WaitCallback)
?ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(WaitCallback,Object)?
使用委托實(shí)現(xiàn)工作者線程：
可傳參數(shù)，可獲得返回值，可跟蹤線程狀態(tài)，線程結(jié)束后可回調(diào)指定方法，并可帶有自定義參數(shù)
class Program
??? {
??????? delegate void MyDelegate();
??????? static void Main(string[] args)
??????? {
??????????? MyDelegate delegate1 = new MyDelegate(METHOD);
??????????? var methods=delegate1.GetType().GetMethods();
??????????? if (methods != null)
??????????????? foreach (MethodInfo info in methods)
??????????????????? Console.WriteLine(info.Name);
??????????? Console.ReadKey();
???????? }
???? }
委托實(shí)例重要方法
public class MyDelegate:MulticastDelegate
??? {
??????? public MyDelegate(object target, int methodPtr);
??????? //調(diào)用委托方法
??????? public virtual void Invoke();
??????? //異步委托
??????? public virtual IAsyncResult BeginInvoke(AsyncCallback callback,object state);
??????? public virtual void EndInvoke(IAsyncResult result);
??? }
當(dāng)調(diào)用Invoke（）方法時(shí)，對(duì)應(yīng)此委托的所有方法都會(huì)被執(zhí)行。而B(niǎo)eginInvoke與EndInvoke則支持委托方法的異步調(diào)用，由BeginInvoke啟動(dòng)的線程都屬于CLR線程池中的工作者線程，在下面將詳細(xì)說(shuō)明。
IAsyncResult BeginInvoke(string name,AsyncCallback callback,object state)
異步調(diào)用委托方法，BeginInvoke 方法除最后的兩個(gè)參數(shù)外，其它參數(shù)都是與方法參數(shù)相對(duì)應(yīng)的。通過(guò) BeginInvoke 方法將返回一個(gè)實(shí)現(xiàn)了 System.IAsyncResult 接口的對(duì)象，之后就可以利用EndInvoke（IAsyncResult ) 方法就可以結(jié)束異步操作，獲取委托的運(yùn)行結(jié)果。
BeginInvoke，不調(diào)用回調(diào)函數(shù)方法? ，代碼實(shí)例：
class Program
??? {
??????? delegate string MyDelegate(string name);
??????? static void Main(string[] args)
??????? {
??????????? ThreadMessage("Main Thread");
???????????
??????????? //建立委托
??????????? MyDelegate myDelegate = new MyDelegate(Hello);
??????????? //異步調(diào)用委托，獲取計(jì)算結(jié)果
??????????? IAsyncResult result=myDelegate.BeginInvoke("Leslie", null, null);
??????????? //在異步線程未完成前執(zhí)行其他工作
??????????? while (!result.IsCompleted)
??????????? {
??????????????? Thread.Sleep(200);????? //虛擬操作
??????????????? Console.WriteLine("Main thead do work!");
??????????? }
????????? //同等方法實(shí)現(xiàn)上述操作
?????????? while (!result.AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne(200))
??????????? {
??????????????? Console.WriteLine("Main thead do work!");
??????????? }
??????????? string data=myDelegate.EndInvoke(result);
??????????? Console.WriteLine(data);
???????????
??????????? Console.ReadKey();
??????? }
??????? static string Hello(string name)
??????? {
??????????? ThreadMessage("Async Thread");
??????????? Thread.Sleep(2000);
??????????? return "Hello " + name;
??????? }
??????? static void ThreadMessage(string data)
??????? {
??????????? string message = string.Format("{0}\n? ThreadId is:{1}",
?????????????????? data,Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);
??????????? Console.WriteLine(message);
??????? }
??? }
當(dāng)要監(jiān)視多個(gè)運(yùn)行對(duì)象的時(shí)候，使用IAsyncResult.WaitHandle.WaitOne可就派不上用場(chǎng)了。
幸好.NET為WaitHandle準(zhǔn)備了另外兩個(gè)靜態(tài)方法：WaitAny（waitHandle[], int）與WaitAll (waitHandle[] , int)。
其中WaitAll在等待所有waitHandle完成后再返回一個(gè)bool值。
而WaitAny是等待其中一個(gè)waitHandle完成后就返回一個(gè)int，這個(gè)int是代表已完成waitHandle在waitHandle[]中的數(shù)組索引。
下面就是使用WaitAll的例子，運(yùn)行結(jié)果與使用 IAsyncResult.IsCompleted 相同。
??????????? //此處可加入多個(gè)檢測(cè)對(duì)象
??????????? WaitHandle[] waitHandleList = new WaitHandle[] { result.AsyncWaitHandle,........ };
??????????? while (!WaitHandle.WaitAll(waitHandleList,200))
??????????? {
??????????????? Console.WriteLine("Main thead do work!");
??????????? }
BeginInvoke，調(diào)用回調(diào)函數(shù)方法? ，代碼實(shí)例：
委托結(jié)果包含重要方法
public interface IAsyncResult
{
??? object AsyncState {get;}??????????? //獲取用戶定義的對(duì)象，它限定或包含關(guān)于異步操作的信息。
??? WailHandle AsyncWaitHandle {get;}?? //獲取用于等待異步操作完成的 WaitHandle。
??? bool CompletedSynchronously {get;}? //獲取異步操作是否同步完成的指示。
??? bool IsCompleted {get;}???????????? //獲取異步操作是否已完成的指示。
}
如果想為回調(diào)函數(shù)傳送一些外部信息，就可以利用BeginInvoke(AsyncCallback,object)的最后一個(gè)參數(shù)object,它允許外部向回調(diào)函數(shù)輸入任何類型的參數(shù)。只需要在回調(diào)函數(shù)中利用 AsyncResult.AsyncState 就可以獲取object對(duì)象。
class Program
??? {
??????? public class Person
??????? {
??????????? public string Name;
??????????? public int Age;
??????? }
??????? delegate string MyDelegate(string name);
??????? static void Main(string[] args)
??????? {
??????????? ThreadMessage("Main Thread");
??????????? //建立委托
??????????? MyDelegate myDelegate = new MyDelegate(Hello);
???????????
??????????? //建立Person對(duì)象
??????????? Person person = new Person();
??????????? person.Name = "Elva";
??????????? person.Age = 27;
???????????
??????????? //異步調(diào)用委托，輸入?yún)?shù)對(duì)象person, 獲取計(jì)算結(jié)果
??????????? myDelegate.BeginInvoke("Leslie", new AsyncCallback(Completed), person);???????????
?????????
??????????? //在啟動(dòng)異步線程后，主線程可以繼續(xù)工作而不需要等待
??????????? for (int n = 0; n < 6; n++)
??????????????? Console.WriteLine("? Main thread do work!");
??????????? Console.WriteLine("");
??????????? Console.ReadKey();
??????? }
??????? static string Hello(string name)
??????? {
??????????? ThreadMessage("Async Thread");
??????????? Thread.Sleep(2000);
??????????? return "\nHello " + name;
??????? }
??????? static void Completed(IAsyncResult result)
??????? {
??????????? ThreadMessage("Async Completed");
??????????? //獲取委托對(duì)象，調(diào)用EndInvoke方法獲取運(yùn)行結(jié)果
??????????? AsyncResult _result = (AsyncResult)result;
??????????? MyDelegate myDelegate = (MyDelegate)_result.AsyncDelegate;
??????????? string data = myDelegate.EndInvoke(_result);
??????????? //獲取Person對(duì)象
??????????? Person person = (Person)result.AsyncState;
??????????? string message = person.Name + "'s age is " + person.Age.ToString();
??????????? Console.WriteLine(data+"\n"+message);
??????? }
??????? static void ThreadMessage(string data)
??????? {
??????????? string message = string.Format("{0}\n? ThreadId is:{1}",
?????????????????? data, Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);
??????????? Console.WriteLine(message);
??????? }
??? }
號(hào)外引申：
事件注冊(cè)委托，實(shí)現(xiàn)廣播功能
A首先聲明 委托和事件
??????? public delegate void DisplayUpdate(string message);
??????? //聲明事件
??????? public event DisplayUpdate ShowUpdate;
B?定義A的實(shí)例并 注冊(cè)事件
loginForm.ShowUpdate += new LoginForm.DisplayUpdate(loginincallback);
A調(diào)用事件，實(shí)現(xiàn)廣播功能
??????????????? if (ShowUpdate != null) ShowUpdate(message);
