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1. request的一生

image.png

2. 設置Spring MVC

2.1 配置DispatcherServlet

DispatcherServlet是Spring MVC的核心。

在Spring application's servlet context中，任何繼承AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer的類都會被自動用來配置DispatcherServlet和Spring application Context。

package spittr.config;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer;

public class SpittrWebAppInitializer extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {

  @Override
  protected String[] getServletMappings() {
    return new String[] { "/" };
  }

  @Override
  protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
    return new Class<?>[] { RootConfig.class };
  }

  @Override
  protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
    return new Class<?>[] { WebConfig.class };
  }
}

2.2 兩種application context

當DispatcherServlet啟動時，它會創建一個Spring application context，然后向里面加載指定的bean，主要是 controllers, view resolvers, and handler mappings
在Spring web應用中，ContextLoaderListener會創建另外一個application context，用來加載其他bean

配置AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer是為了替代web.xml配置

環境要求：Tomcat 7 及以上需要支持Servlet3.0

2.3 開啟Spring MVC

使用xml配置

<mvc:annotation-driven>

使用@EnableWebMvc注解

package spittr.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;

@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
public class WebConfig {
}

注意：
（1）這里沒有配置view resolver，Spring會默認使用BeanNameViewResolver，尋找ID匹配并且實現了View接口的Bean
（2） DispatcherServlet會作為默認的servlet，并處理所有的請求

package spittr.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer; 
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;

@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan("spitter.web") //開啟自動掃描
public class WebConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
  /**
  * 配置視圖解析器
   */
  @Bean
  public ViewResolver viewResolver() {
    InternalResourceViewResolver resolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
    resolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/");
    resolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
    resolver.setExposeContextBeansAsAttributes(true);
    return resolver;
  }
  /**
  * 配置靜態內容處理器
   */
  @Override
  public void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer) 
 {
    configurer.enable();
 } 
}

package spittr.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan.Filter; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.FilterType;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages={"spitter"},
    excludeFilters={@Filter(type=FilterType.ANNOTATION, value=EnableWebMvc.class)
    })
public class RootConfig {
}

3. Controller

@Controller
public class HomeController {
  
  @RequestMapping(value="/", method=GET)
  public String home() {
    return "home";
  }
}

@Controller注解表明當前bean是一個controller
@RequestMapping表明當前類所處理的request路徑，可以在類上注解，也可以在方法上注解，在類上注解表明當前controller所要處理的請求的根路徑

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/")
public class HomeController {
  @RequestMapping(method=GET)
  public String home() {
    return "home";
  } 
}

@Controller
@RequestMapping({"/", "/homepage"})
public class HomeController {

}

向view傳遞數據

image.png

4. 接收請求參數

4.1 @RequestParam

@RequestMapping(value="/show", method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String showSpittle(@RequestParam("spittle_id") long spittleId, Model model) {
    model.addAttribute(spittleRepository.findOne(spittleId));
    return "spittle";
}

4.2 @PathVariable

@RequestMapping(value="/{spittleId}", method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String spittle(@PathVariable("spittleId") long spittleId, Model model) {
  model.addAttribute(spittleRepository.findOne(spittleId));
  return "spittle";
}

4.3 使用對象接收參數

@RequestMapping(value="/register", method=POST)
public String processRegistration(Spitter spitter) {
    spitterRepository.save(spitter);
    return "redirect:/spitter/" +
           spitter.getUsername();
}

1. 驗證對象參數

使用 Java Validation API

image.png

public class Spitter {
  private Long id;
  @NotNull
  @Size(min=5, max=16)
  private String username;
  @NotNull
  @Size(min=5, max=25)
  private String password;
  @NotNull
  @Size(min=2, max=30)
  private String firstName;
  @NotNull
  @Size(min=2, max=30)
  private String lastName;
... 
}

@RequestMapping(value="/register", method=POST)
public String processRegistration(@Valid Spitter spitter, Errors errors) {
  if (errors.hasErrors()) {
    return "registerForm";
  }
  spitterRepository.save(spitter);
  return "redirect:/spitter/" + spitter.getUsername();
}

使用@Valid注解表明當前參數需要被驗證，驗證后的結果放置在Errors對象實例中

5. 渲染web視圖

5.1 理解視圖解析

將視圖渲染從業務邏輯中解耦出來，業務邏輯關心業務邏輯實現，視圖解析關注視圖渲染

Spring MVC提供了視圖解析接口：

public interface ViewResolver {
  View resolveViewName(String viewName, Locale locale) throws Exception;
}

View接口：

public interface View {
  String getContentType();
  void render(Map<String, ?> model, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception;
}

image.png

5.2 渲染JSP

5.2.1 配置internal view resolver

image.png

@Bean
public ViewResolver viewResolver() {
  InternalResourceViewResolver resolver =
      new InternalResourceViewResolver();
  resolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/");
  resolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
  return resolver;
}

或


<bean id="viewResolver"
      class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
      p:prefix="/WEB-INF/views/"
      p:suffix=".jsp" 
/>

解析JSTL視圖

@Bean
        public ViewResolver viewResolver() {
          InternalResourceViewResolver resolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
          resolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/");
          resolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
          resolver.setViewClass(org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView.class);
          return resolver;
}

或


<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
              p:prefix="/WEB-INF/views/"
              p:suffix=".jsp"
              p:viewClass="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" 
/>

5.3 使用Thymeleaf

5.3.1 配置Thymeleaf視圖解析器

/**
* 配置視圖解析器
*/
@Bean
public ViewResolver viewResolver( SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine) {
          ThymeleafViewResolver viewResolver = new ThymeleafViewResolver();
          viewResolver.setTemplateEngine(templateEngine);
          return viewResolver;
  }

/**
* 配置模板引擎，用于解析模板，并渲染數據
*/
@Bean
public TemplateEngine templateEngine(TemplateResolver templateResolver) {
  SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine = new SpringTemplateEngine();
  templateEngine.setTemplateResolver(templateResolver);
  return templateEngine;
}

/**
* 配置模板解析器，用于定位模板位置
*/
@Bean
public TemplateResolver templateResolver() {
  TemplateResolver templateResolver = new ServletContextTemplateResolver();
  templateResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/templates/");
  templateResolver.setSuffix(".html");
  templateResolver.setTemplateMode("HTML5");
  return templateResolver;
  }

或

<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.thymeleaf.spring3.view.ThymeleafViewResolver" 
  p:templateEngine-ref="templateEngine" />
<bean id="templateEngine" class="org.thymeleaf.spring3.SpringTemplateEngine" 
  p:templateResolver-ref="templateResolver" />
<bean id="templateResolver" class="org.thymeleaf.templateresolver.ServletContextTemplateResolver"
      p:prefix="/WEB-INF/templates/"
      p:suffix=".html"
      p:templateMode="HTML5" />

5.3.2 定義Thymeleaf模板

在html中添加Thymeleaf命名空間xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org":

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
      xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
  <head>
    <title>Spittr</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet"
          type="text/css"
          th:href="@{/resources/style.css}"></link>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Welcome to Spittr</h1>
    <a th:href="@{/spittles}">Spittles</a> |
    <a th:href="@{/spitter/register}">Register</a>
  </body>
</html>

Thymeleaf官方地址：https://www.thymeleaf.org/

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Spring MVC

Spring MVC

1. request的一生

2. 設置Spring MVC

2.1 配置DispatcherServlet

2.2 兩種application context

2.3 開啟Spring MVC

3. Controller

向view傳遞數據

4. 接收請求參數

4.1 @RequestParam

4.2 @PathVariable

4.3 使用對象接收參數

1. 驗證對象參數

5. 渲染web視圖

5.1 理解視圖解析

5.2 渲染JSP

5.2.1 配置internal view resolver

5.3 使用Thymeleaf

5.3.1 配置Thymeleaf視圖解析器

5.3.2 定義Thymeleaf模板

推薦閱讀更多精彩內容

三个男躁一个女,国精产品一区一手机的秘密,麦子交换系列最经典十句话,欧美 国产 综合 欧美 视频

Spring MVC

1. request的一生

2. 設置Spring MVC

2.1 配置DispatcherServlet

2.2 兩種application context

2.3 開啟Spring MVC

3. Controller

向view傳遞數據

4. 接收請求參數

4.1 @RequestParam

4.2 @PathVariable

4.3 使用對象接收參數

1. 驗證對象參數

5. 渲染web視圖

5.1 理解視圖解析

5.2 渲染JSP

5.2.1 配置internal view resolver

5.3 使用Thymeleaf

5.3.1 配置Thymeleaf視圖解析器

5.3.2 定義Thymeleaf模板

推薦閱讀更多精彩內容

三个男躁一个女,国精产品一区一手机的秘密,麦子交换系列最经典十句话,欧美国产综合欧美视频