BeanFactoryPostProcessor和BeanPostProcessor這兩個接口都是初始化bean時對外暴露的入口之一,和Aware類似(PS:關于spring的hook可以看看Spring鉤子方法和鉤子接口的使用詳解講的蠻詳細)本文也主要是學習具體的鉤子的細節,以便于實際開發中我們能有效率,例如如何在scala中如何獲取springboot的啟動類等等,一些中間件為了監控整個系統的服務,也需要獲取到spring容器數據和狀態。
接下來具體學習和了解下BeanFactoryPostProcessor和BeanPostProcessor。
BeanFactoryPostProcessor
bean工廠的bean屬性處理容器,說通俗一些就是可以管理我們的bean工廠內所有的beandefinition(未實例化)數據,可以隨心所欲的修改屬性。
使用方法
public class CustomBeanFactoryPostProcessor implements BeanFactoryPostProcessor {
/**
* 主要是用來自定義修改持有的bean
* ConfigurableListableBeanFactory 其實就是DefaultListableBeanDefinition對象
* @param beanFactory
* @throws BeansException
*/
public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
System.out.println("調用了自定義的BeanFactoryPostProcessor " + beanFactory);
Iterator it = beanFactory.getBeanNamesIterator();
String[] names = beanFactory.getBeanDefinitionNames();
// 獲取了所有的bean名稱列表
for(int i=0; i<names.length; i++){
String name = names[i];
BeanDefinition bd = beanFactory.getBeanDefinition(name);
System.out.println(name + " bean properties: " + bd.getPropertyValues().toString());
// 本內容只是個demo,打印持有的bean的屬性情況
}
}
}
<context:property-placeholder location="pro.properties" />
<bean id="student" class="Student" init-method="init" />
<bean class="CustomBeanFactoryPostProcessor" id="customBeanFactoryPostProcessor" />
輸出結果
源碼分析
毫無疑問肯定已經解析xml了,繼續看refresh函數
AbstractApplicationContext 文件
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
// Prepare this context for refreshing.
prepareRefresh();
// 解析xml完成,存儲在一個具體的bean工廠中
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
// bean工廠的初始化操作
prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
try {
// 由子類繼承去實現該類,當前該方法為空
postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
// invoke 其中存在的BeanFactoryPostProcessors,也就是我們現在說的
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
...
PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate 文件
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors方法的參數為bean工廠ConfigurableListableBeanFactory和當前已知的postprocessor對象,函數分為了好幾部分去處理,截取其中我們關心的部分即可(其實還包含了優先級、屬性等類似處理過程)
String[] postProcessorNames =
beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
// 篩選出bean工程中存在的所有實現BeanFactoryPostProcessor類的類名稱
List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> priorityOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<BeanFactoryPostProcessor>();
List<String> orderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<String>();
List<String> nonOrderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<String>();
for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
if (processedBeans.contains(ppName)) {
// 已經存在了,不再處理
}
else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) {
priorityOrderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class));
// 為PriorityOrdered類型
}
else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) {
orderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
// 為Ordered類型
}
else {
nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
// 這個就是我們當前需要關心的PostProcessors
}
}
...
List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> nonOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<BeanFactoryPostProcessor>();
for (String postProcessorName : nonOrderedPostProcessorNames) {
nonOrderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(postProcessorName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class));
// 獲取自定義的BeanFactoryPostProcessor
// 這里有一點需要注意到!!!!
}
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(nonOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
上述代碼中nonOrderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(postProcessorName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class));
中使用了getBean,起初沒注意到以為是生成具體的對象然后修改,其實不是,getBean后面還有一個參數BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class,注意看這個函數,會發現返回的是一個抽象類,結論就是nonOrderedPostProcessors添加的不是bean實例,而是beandefinition,在實例化前!!!,這點很重要
private static void invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(
Collection<? extends BeanFactoryPostProcessor> postProcessors, ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
for (BeanFactoryPostProcessor postProcessor : postProcessors) {
postProcessor.postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
// 調用每一個自定義的BeanFactoryPostProcessor的方法
// 在本文章中就會去調用自定義的CustomBeanFactoryPostProcessor的postProcessBeanFactory方法
}
}
再多說一點關于上面的getBeanNamesForType函數,從名字肯定很容易理解了,根據傳遞的類型獲取容器中的beanName。了解下其內部的實現原理
DefaultListableBeanFactory 文件的 getBeanNamesForType函數
// type:類的類型名稱
// includeNonSingletons:返回數據包含了非單例beanName
// allowEagerInit: 可以提前加載初始化
public String[] getBeanNamesForType(Class<?> type, boolean includeNonSingletons, boolean allowEagerInit) {
if (!isConfigurationFrozen() || type == null || !allowEagerInit) {
// 不可用緩存、類型無效、不允許提前加載初始化
// 需要獲取當前type的原始類型,繼續獲取數據
return doGetBeanNamesForType(ResolvableType.forRawClass(type), includeNonSingletons, allowEagerInit);
}
Map<Class<?>, String[]> cache =
(includeNonSingletons ? this.allBeanNamesByType : this.singletonBeanNamesByType);
String[] resolvedBeanNames = cache.get(type);
// 如果緩存已經存儲了該數據,則無需再計算,直接返回即可
if (resolvedBeanNames != null) {
return resolvedBeanNames;
}
resolvedBeanNames = doGetBeanNamesForType(ResolvableType.forRawClass(type), includeNonSingletons, true);
// 這一步就是真正的獲取數據,遍歷beanDefinitionNames的每一個數據,符合要求的就會加入到返回的列表中
if (ClassUtils.isCacheSafe(type, getBeanClassLoader())) {
cache.put(type, resolvedBeanNames);
// 便于下一次獲取,加入緩存中
}
return resolvedBeanNames;
}
BeanPostProcessor
從范圍上來說,從上面的所有的bean成為了特定的bean,其次BeanFactoryPostProcessor可以在初始化前修改bean的屬性等情況,但是BeanPostProcessor只能在初始化后(注意初始化不包括init方法)執行一些操作。
網上很多文章都說BeanPostProcessor不能修改bean屬性,其實我看來未必,當其實例化之后,完全可以拿到實例化后的對象,對對象進行一些改值操作也完全可以的
使用方法
public class Student {
@Value("${name}")
private String className;
public Student() {
System.out.println("constructor loading");
}
public void init(){
System.out.println("init loading");
}
}
public class CustomBeanPostProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor {
public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
if(bean instanceof Student){
// 如果當前的bean是Student,則打印日志
System.out.println("postProcessBeforeInitialization bean : " + beanName);
}
return bean;
}
public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
if(bean instanceof Student){
System.out.println("postProcessAfterInitialization bean : " + beanName);
}
return bean;
}
}
<bean id="student" class="Student" init-method="init" />
<bean class="CustomBeanPostProcessor" id="customBeanPostProcessor" />
輸出結果
- 先打印出了構造器內部執行的話,意味著這個時候實例化了Student類,
- 在init方法前執行了postProcessBeforeInitialization
- 在init方法后執行了postProcessAfterInitialization
源碼分析
入口依舊是refresh函數,在完成初始化之后,進入到finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory)
執行BeanPostProcessor的相關操作,中間的流程過長,包含了getBean操作,genBean操作過于繁瑣,后續再介紹。
AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory 文件
protected Object initializeBean(final String beanName, final Object bean, RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Object>() {
@Override
public Object run() {
invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
return null;
}
}, getAccessControlContext());
}
else {
invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
// aware同樣是對外提供的鉤子
}
Object wrappedBean = bean;
if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
// 這一步就是執行自定義的beanpostprocessor的before操作
}
try {
invokeInitMethods(beanName, wrappedBean, mbd);
// 執行init方法
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
(mbd != null ? mbd.getResourceDescription() : null),
beanName, "Invocation of init method failed", ex);
}
if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
// 這一步就是執行自定義的beanpostprocessor的after操作
}
return wrappedBean;
}
public Object applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(
Object existingBean, String beanName)
throws BeansException {
Object result = existingBean;
for (BeanPostProcessor beanProcessor : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
// 獲取所有的BeanPostProcessor對象,執行postProcessBeforeInitialization方法
result = beanProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization(result, beanName);
if (result == null) {
return result;
}
}
return result;
// 然后把執行結果返回
}
public Object applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(
Object existingBean, String beanName)
throws BeansException {
Object result = existingBean;
for (BeanPostProcessor beanProcessor : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
result = beanProcessor.postProcessAfterInitialization(result, beanName);
if (result == null) {
return result;
}
}
return result;
}
protected void invokeInitMethods(String beanName,
final Object bean, RootBeanDefinition mbd)
throws Throwable {
boolean isInitializingBean = (bean instanceof InitializingBean);
if (isInitializingBean && (mbd == null || !mbd.isExternallyManagedInitMethod("afterPropertiesSet"))) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Invoking afterPropertiesSet() on bean with name '" + beanName + "'");
}
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
try {
AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedExceptionAction<Object>() {
@Override
public Object run() throws Exception {
((InitializingBean) bean).afterPropertiesSet();
return null;
}
}, getAccessControlContext());
}
catch (PrivilegedActionException pae) {
throw pae.getException();
}
}
else {
((InitializingBean) bean).afterPropertiesSet();
}
}
if (mbd != null) {
// invoke 反射執行init方法
String initMethodName = mbd.getInitMethodName();
if (initMethodName != null && !(isInitializingBean && "afterPropertiesSet".equals(initMethodName)) &&
!mbd.isExternallyManagedInitMethod(initMethodName)) {
invokeCustomInitMethod(beanName, bean, mbd);
}
}
}