【賞析】
本章No Longer a Slave (不再做奴隸),帶來諸多思考。剛開始看到題目的時候,我以為本章會講中國社會的物質富裕。通讀本篇后,發現slave在這里有深遠的含義, 過去對于人在物質和精神方面的極大束縛在漸漸松綁后,中國人的意識亦悄然發生了變化,政治上的困惑,經濟上的迷茫,小人物的內心渴望,人們對于財富的理解,對于知識改變命運的期許在本章都一一有所交代。
從階級斗爭為綱到白手起家、先富后富。中國對于財富的認識經歷過迷茫。文中引用孟子“有恒產者有恒心,無恒產者無恒心”(意為:讓百姓擁有穩定的產業和收入,從而安居樂業,保持社會穩定)Those with a constant livelihood have a constant heart ,those lacking constant livelihood lack a constant heart . 但是依靠財產來造“恒心”對執政黨而言亦是矛盾:How could the heirs of Marx and Lenin, the rulers of People’s Republic, who had risen to power denouncing bourgeois values and inequality, baldly embrace the new moneyed class? How could it retain its ideological claim to rule? 這其實就是執政黨對于“資與社”的迷惑,對于有產階級的迷惑,民有產是不是有悖于社會主義宣揚的平等平均?所以在用詞時也是極為謹慎地,不提“middle class”而提出了“the new middle –income stratum”(中等收入階層),這反映出中國在探索發展道路時cross the river by feeling for the stones. 作者提到:Chinese society was becoming more diverse, raucous and freewheeling and the Party was becoming more homogenous, buttoned-down, and conservative. 這是不是當前中國的現狀?這是外國人眼中中國,值得我們深思。
文章寫到了中國人對于新知識和技能的渴求“the age of ambition demanded new skills and knowledge”,尤其提到了兩類人群,一類是先富起來的土豪Got Rich First parents channeled their anxieties into their children , for many of them had come from nothing and they knew that urban intellectuals considered them rubes ; 一類是狂熱學英語的人群,文中大篇幅寫到了瘋狂英語,寫到作者親身經歷和觀察到中國人對于學英語的瘋狂,以及小人物渴望成功那種近似狂熱的執著……
全文中如果要找一個詞來概括,我會選文中的Bobos(p55)布波族,Bobos是布爾喬亞(Bourgeoise)和波希米亞(Bohemian)的縮寫組合單詞,布爾喬亞和波希米亞這兩種完全不同性質,甚至相互沖突的社會階層混合在一起。反映了中國人在新舊兩種格局和意識演進下的掙扎和探索,一種掙脫舊的桎梏,裸露于現實中有些茫然的不知所措和躊躇滿志。
【表達】
1、 白手起家 bare-handed fortune / come from nothing
2、 A man getting famous is like a pig fattening up 人怕出名豬怕壯
3、 Have one night stand 一夜情
4、 An American education carried extra cachet. (cachet : quality which makes people admire them or approve of them. 威信)
5、 I was pissed off 氣壞了
6、 The students filed into the arena 列隊進入
7、 A cluster of modern high-rises 高樓林立
8、 take to doing something=begin to do it as a regular habit. 養成…的習慣