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實際業務中,針對每個產品線運營人員操作后臺經常需要導出excel文件,本例采用抓取的爬蟲數據,當后臺數據在頁面里顯示完后,點擊導出按鈕,頁面提示導出成功或失敗信息,成功則導出Excel文件到static/xlsxfiles文件夾,全部導出后生成文件名為all_poemers.xlsx的excel文件,搜索某一用戶后生成文件名為{{ poemer }}.xlsx的文件 ,{{ poemer }}為django模板變量
搜索 '李白' 則生成李白.xlsx

增加excel操作
前端采用jQuery和js,使用ajax請求后臺接口,兩個頁面的前端代碼如下:
2.1 poemers.html頁面修改的部分

<!--poemers.html頁面修改的部分-->
<form method="post" action="{% url 'tangshi:poemers_search' %}" class="container">
    <p><label for="poemer">請輸入詩人名:</label> <input id="poemer" maxlength="1000" name="poemer" value="" type="text" style="width: 400px"/>
        <input type="submit" value="搜索">
        <button id="export_excel" type="button">導出excel</button>
    </p>
    <br>
    {% csrf_token %}
</form>
<script type="text/javascript">
    $(document).ready(function () {
        $("#export_excel").click(function () {
            htmlobj = $.ajax({url: "{% url 'tangshi:export_all_excel' %}", async: false});
            alert(htmlobj.responseText);
        });
    });
</script>

其中{% url 'tangshi:export_all_excel' %} 是django的url模板標簽用法,'tangshi:export_all_excel' 指向的是app應用 tangshi下面urls.py中name='export_all_excel',其對應的view視圖函數是 app應用tangshi下面 views.py中的 export_all_excel函數.

2.2 poemers_search.html頁面修改的部分

<!--poemers_search.html頁面 ajax請求-->

<p><label for="poemer">請輸入詩人名:</label> <input id="poemer" maxlength="1000" name="poemer" value="{{ poemer }}" type="text" style="width: 400px"/>
    <button id="search" type="button">搜索</button>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        var poemer = $("input[ name='poemer' ]").val();
        $.ajax({
            type: 'POST',
            url: "{% url 'tangshi:poemers_search' %} ",
            data: {
                'poemer': poemer,
                'csrfmiddlewaretoken': '{{ csrf_token }}'
            },
            success: 'success'
        });
    </script>
    <button id="export_excel" type="button">導出excel</button>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        $(document).ready(function () {
            $("#export_excel").click(function () {
                var poemer = $("input[name='poemer']").val();
                $.ajax({
                    type: 'POST',
                    url: "{% url 'tangshi:export_per_excel' %} ",
                    data: {
                        'poemer': poemer,
                        'csrfmiddlewaretoken': '{{ csrf_token }}'
                    },
                    success: 'success'
                });
                alert_text = '導出' + poemer + '數據成功';
                alert(alert_text);
            });
        });
    </script>
</p>

2.3 tangshi.urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^poemers_search/$', views.poemers_search, name='poemers_search'),
    url(r'^poemers/$', views.poemers, name='poemers'),
    url(r'^all_word_cloud/$', views.poem_ajax, name='all_word_cloud'),
    url(r'^export_all_excel/$', views.export_all_excel, name='export_all_excel'),
    url(r'^export_per_excel/$', views.export_per_excel, name='export_per_excel'),
]

2.4 tangshi.views.py 中export_all_excel 函數為實例化 SQLS/tangshi_sqls.py里的TangShi類的export_excel函數

def export_all_excel(request):
    tangshi = TangShi()
    alert_text = tangshi.export_excel(None)
    return HttpResponse(alert_text)

2.5 SQLS/tangshi_sqls.py里的TangShi類的export_excel函數

   #首先邏輯判斷是搜索頁面還是默認全部顯示頁面,全部顯示頁面poemer值為None,導出全部,搜索頁面導出某一個詩人數據 poemer會有值
    def export_excel(self,poemer):
        par_path = path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static/xlsxfiles')
        os.chdir(par_path)
        if poemer:
            file = poemer + '.xlsx'
            # 刪除昨日執行文件
            if os.path.isfile(file):
                os.remove(file)
            data = self.per_poemer_data(poemer)
        else:
            file ='all_poemers.xlsx'
            if os.path.isfile(file):
                os.remove(file)
            data = self.all_poemers_data()
        fields = ['id', 'chaodai', 'poemer', 'zuopins_total', 'poemer_url']
        workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook(file)
        worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet('data')
        # 表頭格式
        format1 = workbook.add_format(
            {'bold': True, 'font_color': 'black', 'font_size': 13, 'align': 'left', 'font_name': u'宋體'})
        # 表頭外格式
        format2 = workbook.add_format({'font_color': 'black', 'font_size': 9, 'align': 'left', 'font_name': u'宋體'})
        # A列列寬設置能更好的顯示
        worksheet.set_column("A:A", 9)
        # 插入第一行表頭標題
        for i in range(0, len(fields)):
            field = fields[i]
            worksheet.write(0, i, field, format1)
        #從第二行開始插入數據
        for i in range(len(data)):
            item = data[i]
            for j in range(len(fields)):
                field = fields[j]
                worksheet.write(i+1, j, item[field], format2)
        workbook.close()
        alert_text = '導出%s條數據到excel成功' % len(data)
        return alert_text