【React Native填坑之旅】從源碼角度看JavaModule注冊及重載陷阱

目錄

一、前言

二、需要了解的幾個類

三、JavaModule注冊流程

參考資料

一、前言

JavaModule是React Native提供給我們封裝原生模塊的能力,它可以讓你復用一些原生的代碼,又或者如果React Native還不支持某個你需要的原生特性,可以自己實現該特性的封裝。官網文檔介紹了如何封裝JavaModule的過程,這里不再啰嗦,本文將會更深入一層Java層源碼,看下它是如何注冊并提供給JS端調用的,以及需要注意的一些問題。

二、需要了解的幾個類

  • ReactContext

      繼承于ContextWrapper,React Native應用的上下文,通過getContext()獲得,它和Android中的Context是同一個概念
    
  • ReactRootView

      繼承于FragmeLayout,主要負責native端事件的監聽(鍵盤事件、tounch事件),并將結果傳遞給js端,以及負責頁面元素的繪制
    
  • ReactInstanceManager

      React Native應用的總的管理類,創建ReactContext、CatalystInstance實體,解析ReactPackage生成映射表,并且配合ReactRootView管理View的創建與生命周期等功能
    
  • CatalystInstance

      通信大管家,負責Java層、C++層、JS層三端通信與協調,它的實現類是CatalystInstanceImpl
    
  • NativeModuleRegistry

      JavaModule注冊表,負責管理和查找JavaModule
    
  • ReactPackage

      定義原生模塊和原生組件必須繼承的一個類,提供NativeModule和ViewManager列表,其實ViewManager也是NativeModule子類,但是它們的行為是不一樣的。
    

三、JavaModule注冊流程

首先我們要明白React Native本質上是一個View,它通過ReactInstanceManager進行一系列的管理,也是我們跟它打交道最多的,如果我們直接創建一個ReactNative項目,在它的Android目錄下并不能直接找到ReactInstanceManager這個類,而是通過ReactNativeHost簡化了很多初始化的事情,下面先來看下它的代碼:

ReactNativeHost.java


public abstract class ReactNativeHost {

  private final Application mApplication;
  private @Nullable ReactInstanceManager mReactInstanceManager;

  ......

  protected ReactInstanceManager createReactInstanceManager() {
    ReactInstanceManagerBuilder builder = ReactInstanceManager.builder()
      .setApplication(mApplication)
      .setJSMainModulePath(getJSMainModuleName())
      .setUseDeveloperSupport(getUseDeveloperSupport())
      .setRedBoxHandler(getRedBoxHandler())
      .setJavaScriptExecutorFactory(getJavaScriptExecutorFactory())
      .setUIImplementationProvider(getUIImplementationProvider())
      .setInitialLifecycleState(LifecycleState.BEFORE_CREATE);

    for (ReactPackage reactPackage : getPackages()) {
      builder.addPackage(reactPackage);
    }

    String jsBundleFile = getJSBundleFile();
    if (jsBundleFile != null) {
      builder.setJSBundleFile(jsBundleFile);
    } else {
      builder.setBundleAssetName(Assertions.assertNotNull(getBundleAssetName()));
    }
    return builder.build();
  }

  /**
   * Returns a list of {@link ReactPackage} used by the app.
   * You'll most likely want to return at least the {@code MainReactPackage}.
   * If your app uses additional views or modules besides the default ones,
   * you'll want to include more packages here.
   */
  protected abstract List<ReactPackage> getPackages();

  ......
}

ReactNativeHost主要是負責ReactInstanceManager的實例創建,從它的createReactInstanceManager()方法可以看出構建者ReactInstanceManagerBuilder將ReactInstanceManager的構建與表示進行了分離,其中的getPackages()方法就是我們注冊封裝原生JavaModule的地方,并在builder中通過for循環將packagelist逐個add進去,進一步跟進build()方法,會發現它調用了ReactInstanceManager的構造方法,參數有點多,但總得來說是把packages放進了ReactInstanceManager的成員變量mPackages

那僅僅是把它放進mPackages成員變量就結束了?沒有其他操作?別急,我們還要從ReactNative的啟動流程講起,這里以ReactActivityDelegate這個代理類為例,在它的onCreate方法中有一段邏輯loadApp邏輯:


  protected void loadApp(String appKey) {
    if (mReactRootView != null) {
      throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot loadApp while app is already running.");
    }
    mReactRootView = createRootView();
    mReactRootView.startReactApplication(
      getReactNativeHost().getReactInstanceManager(),
      appKey,
      getLaunchOptions());
    getPlainActivity().setContentView(mReactRootView);
  }

  • 創建一個ReactRootView
  • 獲取ReactInstanceManager實例
  • ReactRootView#startReactApplication()
  • 給當前Activity設置setContentView()

ReactRootView.java


public class ReactRootView extends SizeMonitoringFrameLayout 
        implements RootView, MeasureSpecProvider{
    
    ......
    
      public void startReactApplication(
      ReactInstanceManager reactInstanceManager,
      String moduleName,
      @Nullable Bundle initialProperties) {
            Systrace.beginSection(TRACE_TAG_REACT_JAVA_BRIDGE, "startReactApplication");
            try {
                UiThreadUtil.assertOnUiThread();
      
                Assertions.assertCondition(
                mReactInstanceManager == null,
                "This root view has already been attached to a catalyst instance manager");

                mReactInstanceManager = reactInstanceManager;
                mJSModuleName = moduleName;
                mAppProperties = initialProperties;

                if (!mReactInstanceManager.hasStartedCreatingInitialContext()) {
                    mReactInstanceManager.createReactContextInBackground();
                }

                attachToReactInstanceManager();

                } finally {
                    Systrace.endSection(TRACE_TAG_REACT_JAVA_BRIDGE);
             }
        }
     
    ......      
    }

startReactApplication()方法中保存相應的參數外,還有重要的一點,如果是第一次啟動,hasStartedCreatingInitialContext()肯定是false的,那么就會調用ReactInstanceManager#createReactContextInBackground()方法,進行一系列ReactContext的初始化,可以推測我們的mPackage也是在此刻注冊進去的,其內部一系列調用鏈也表明最終會進入ReactInstanceManager#createReactContext()方法:


 private ReactApplicationContext createReactContext(
      JavaScriptExecutor jsExecutor,
      JSBundleLoader jsBundleLoader) {
    Log.d(ReactConstants.TAG, "ReactInstanceManager.createReactContext()");
    ReactMarker.logMarker(CREATE_REACT_CONTEXT_START);

    //創建reactContext,繼承于ContextWrapper
    final ReactApplicationContext reactContext = new ReactApplicationContext(mApplicationContext);

    if (mUseDeveloperSupport) { //設置本地模塊異常處理
      reactContext.setNativeModuleCallExceptionHandler(mDevSupportManager);
    }

    //解析mPackages,并創建NativeModuleRegistry進行管理
    NativeModuleRegistry nativeModuleRegistry = processPackages(reactContext, mPackages, false);

    NativeModuleCallExceptionHandler exceptionHandler = mNativeModuleCallExceptionHandler != null
      ? mNativeModuleCallExceptionHandler
      : mDevSupportManager;
    CatalystInstanceImpl.Builder catalystInstanceBuilder = new CatalystInstanceImpl.Builder()
      .setReactQueueConfigurationSpec(ReactQueueConfigurationSpec.createDefault())
      .setJSExecutor(jsExecutor)
      .setRegistry(nativeModuleRegistry)
      .setJSBundleLoader(jsBundleLoader)
      .setNativeModuleCallExceptionHandler(exceptionHandler);

    ReactMarker.logMarker(CREATE_CATALYST_INSTANCE_START);
    
    //創建CatalystInstance實例
    Systrace.beginSection(TRACE_TAG_REACT_JAVA_BRIDGE, "createCatalystInstance");
    final CatalystInstance catalystInstance;
    try {
      catalystInstance = catalystInstanceBuilder.build();
    } finally {
      Systrace.endSection(TRACE_TAG_REACT_JAVA_BRIDGE);
      ReactMarker.logMarker(CREATE_CATALYST_INSTANCE_END);
    }

    if (mBridgeIdleDebugListener != null) {
      catalystInstance.addBridgeIdleDebugListener(mBridgeIdleDebugListener);
    }
    if (Systrace.isTracing(TRACE_TAG_REACT_APPS | TRACE_TAG_REACT_JS_VM_CALLS)) {
      catalystInstance.setGlobalVariable("__RCTProfileIsProfiling", "true");
    }
    ReactMarker.logMarker(ReactMarkerConstants.PRE_RUN_JS_BUNDLE_START);
    catalystInstance.runJSBundle();
    // Transitions functions in the minitFunctions list to catalystInstance, to run after the bundle
    // TODO T20546472
    if (!mInitFunctions.isEmpty()) {
      for (CatalystInstanceImpl.PendingJSCall function : mInitFunctions) {
        ((CatalystInstanceImpl) catalystInstance).callFunction(function);
      }
    }
    reactContext.initializeWithInstance(catalystInstance);

    return reactContext;
  }
  
  • 通過mApplicationContext來創建ReactApplicationContext
  • 創建NativeModuleRegistry,將mPackages中每個ReactPackage返回的List<NativeModule>集合都注冊到NativeModuleRegistry中,這里不包含List<ViewManager>集合
  • 創建CatalystInstance實例,后續與C++進行交互

在創建CatalystInstance實例的同時也把NativeModuleRegistry引用給了它,這才真正和C++端建立起Bridge橋連接,讓C++端能調用到JavaModule,CatalystInstanceImpl的構造函數內部initializeBridge()可以表明這一點。
我們回過頭來看看NativeModuleRegistry的getJavaModules()方法


  /* package */ Collection<JavaModuleWrapper> getJavaModules(
      JSInstance jsInstance) {
    ArrayList<JavaModuleWrapper> javaModules = new ArrayList<>();
    for (Map.Entry<Class<? extends NativeModule>, ModuleHolder> entry : mModules.entrySet()) {
      Class<? extends NativeModule> type = entry.getKey();
      if (!CxxModuleWrapperBase.class.isAssignableFrom(type)) {
        javaModules.add(new JavaModuleWrapper(jsInstance, type, entry.getValue()));
      }
    }
    return javaModules;
  }
  

每一個JavaModule都用JavaModuleWrapper進行了包裹,它是C++中Java層BaseJavaModule特有的包裝類,通過它可以更方便的閱讀和被JNI調用。在JavaModuleWrapper中解析了JavaModule的名字、方法,并通過invoke方式進行調用。


@DoNotStrip
public class JavaModuleWrapper {

  ......

  @DoNotStrip
  public BaseJavaModule getModule() {
    return (BaseJavaModule) mModuleHolder.getModule();
  }

  @DoNotStrip
  public String getName() {
    return mModuleHolder.getName();
  }

  @DoNotStrip
  private void findMethods() {
    Systrace.beginSection(TRACE_TAG_REACT_JAVA_BRIDGE, "findMethods");
    Set<String> methodNames = new HashSet<>();

    Class<? extends NativeModule> classForMethods = mModuleClass;
    Class<? extends NativeModule> superClass =
        (Class<? extends NativeModule>) mModuleClass.getSuperclass();
    if (ReactModuleWithSpec.class.isAssignableFrom(superClass)) {
  
      classForMethods = superClass;
    }
    Method[] targetMethods = classForMethods.getDeclaredMethods();

    for (Method targetMethod : targetMethods) {
      ReactMethod annotation = targetMethod.getAnnotation(ReactMethod.class);
      if (annotation != null) {
        String methodName = targetMethod.getName();
        if (methodNames.contains(methodName)) {
          //js不支持方法重載否則會拋出這個異常
          throw new IllegalArgumentException(
            "Java Module " + getName() + " method name already registered: " + methodName);
        }
        MethodDescriptor md = new MethodDescriptor();
        JavaMethodWrapper method = new JavaMethodWrapper(this, targetMethod, annotation.isBlockingSynchronousMethod());
        md.name = methodName;
        md.type = method.getType();
        if (md.type == BaseJavaModule.METHOD_TYPE_SYNC) {
          md.signature = method.getSignature();
          md.method = targetMethod;
        }
        mMethods.add(method);
        mDescs.add(md);
      }
    }
    Systrace.endSection(TRACE_TAG_REACT_JAVA_BRIDGE);
  }

  //C++端調用,返回這個NativeModule的所有被@ReactMethod注解方法的描述
  @DoNotStrip
  public List<MethodDescriptor> getMethodDescriptors() {
    if (mDescs.isEmpty()) {
      findMethods();
    }
    return mDescs;
  }

  ......

}

這里有一點需要注意,findMethod()方法中通過反射的方式,獲取到了所有被@ReactMethod注解標記的方法,
并用集合判斷了是否有方法名重復的方法,否則拋出IllegalArgumentException,我們都知道在Java中可以很方便的根據方法名重復參數不一樣來進行方法重載,但是js是沒有方法重載的,否則就會出現問題。
我自己寫了一個ToastModule測試類,里面進行了方法重載,發現ReactNative并沒有把IllegalArgumentException拋回給Java層,直接就應用內部崩潰ANR了,這是一個令人很尷尬的地方,其實我們可以通過ReactInstanceManagerBuilder#setNativeModuleCallExceptionHandler()進行捕獲處理.

大概就是這樣吧,可能對于ReactNative內部執行流程的還不是特別的熟悉,很多跟著源碼一步步點進去看的,如有不對的地方,還請各位看官多多包涵了!

參考資料

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