there be句型
1. there be句型在英語中表示“什么地方或什么時間存在什么事物”。在這種結構中, there是引導詞, be后面的名詞是主語, 句子的結尾是地點(或時間)狀語。
There is a big tree in front of the classroom. 教室前有棵大樹。
2. 如果有兩個或兩個以上的主語, 謂語動詞be要采用就近一致原則。
There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk.
桌子上有一支鋼筆、兩本書和許多支鉛筆。
3. there be 結構有不同時態的形式, 而且可以和各種助動詞、情態動詞連用。
There was a meeting in our school yesterday. 昨天在我們學校召開了一次會議。
There will be a new film on Sunday. 星期日將上映一部新電影。
There have been many great changes in our country since then.
從那時起, 我們國家發生了很多巨大的變化。
There can't be any mistakes in his passage.
他的文章里不可能有什么錯誤。
4. there be 結構中的謂語動詞 be 有時可用 seem to be, happen to be, be likely to be 或半系動詞 remain, stand, lie, go, exist, follow, live, come, occur 等替換。
There is likely to be something wrong with his computer.
他的電腦可能出了一些問題。
Once upon a time there lived an old monk in the temple.
從前, 那座廟里住著一個老和尚。
5. there be 句型的非謂語形式。
I have never dreamed of there being a picture on the wall.
我從未想到墻上有幅畫。(there be的動名詞形式作of的賓語)
I expect there to be many chances for him to get a job.
我希望他有很多找到工作的機會。(there be的不定式結構作expect的賓語)
There being ice on the road, I told the driver to slow down.
路上有冰, 我讓司機開慢點。(there be的現在分詞形式作狀語)
There having been no water for 2 days, the travelers were all very thirsty. (= Because there had been no water for 2 days...)
已經兩天沒有水了, 這些游客們都口渴得很厲害。(there be的現在分詞形式的完成式作狀語)
題組訓練 單句填空
There is (be)a chair and two tables in the room.
There being (be)no money in his pocket, he had to go hungry.
I wish there to be (be)some chances for my readers.
What is the chance of there being (be)some good dictionaries in that bookstore?
強調句型(詳見專題一)與其他相似句型的區別
1. 強調句型與 It is/was + 時間 + when...句型
在“It is/was + 時間 + when...句型”中, it 指時間, when引導的是時間狀語從句。注意兩種句型中“時間”表達方式的不同。試比較:
①It was at midnight that I got back home yesterday.
昨天午夜我回到了家里。
②It was midnight when I got back home yesterday.
昨天當我回到家里時, 已經是午夜了。
句①是強調句型, 被強調的是時間狀語at midnight;而句②是一般句型, 時間以名詞的方式表達, 用來作表語。
2. 強調句型與 It is/has been + 時間段 + since...句型
It is/has been...since...表示“自從......以來已有......(時間)”。兩個句型中的時態一般不同。試比較:
①It was two years ago that I began to learn English.
我是在兩年前開始學英語的。
②It is/has been two years since I began to learn English.
我學英語兩年了。
句①為強調句型, it后的be動詞常用一般現在時和一般過去時;而句②表示“從過去到現在已有多長時間”, it后的be動詞用一般現在時或現在完成時。
3. 強調句型與 It was/will be + 時間段 + before...句型
It was/will be + 時間段 + before...句型可有以下幾個句式:
It wasn't/won't be long before...不久以后就會......了/用不了多久就會......
It was two years/days before. . .過了兩年/兩天才......
It was not two years/days before. . .不到兩年/兩天就......
It will be two years/days before...還得兩年/兩天才......
It will not be two years/days before. . .用不了兩年/兩天就會......
試比較:
①It was two years before he came back from abroad.
②It was two years later that he came back from abroad.
句①為一般句型, 句②為強調句型。同樣表示“他兩年以后回的國”。注意強調句型中時間狀語的表達方式。
題組訓練 單句填空
He was told that it would be at least three more months before he could recover and return to work.
—Where did you get to know her?
—It was on the farm where we worked.
It is many years since he came here.
It was 1949 when the PRC was founded.
