Harnessing Adaptability 這一章就是在全方位的展示大腦的適應能力（degree 和 variety）。

把 MRI作為驗證標準，圍繞 how the brains of people with particular skills differ from the brains of people without 展開一系列研究。

出租車司機和公交車司機 運用大腦的特點，呼應了mechanical repetition 和 purposeful practice 區別。出租車司機的任務是有挑戰性。require anything relevant to the trip 并且需要在大腦里內化internalize整個倫敦地圖，靈活運用。

為了排除其他因素的干擾，在設計實驗時特別控制了其他contols。其中包括證明確實是training 改變了大腦結構 而不是 先天性的大腦優勢。

寫作亮點：

This idea went hand in hand with the belief that individual differences in?abilities were due mainly to genetically determined differences in the brain’s wiring and that learning?was just a way of fulfilling one’s genetic potential.

伴隨著這種觀念的還有人們對于...的理解。

字詞：

One-way streets abound, there are traffic circles and dead ends all over, and through the?middle of everything runs the Thames River.

■abound

很簡潔的詞，可以替換there are many...等。尤其作為引言來描述背景時，讀來上口。

第一種搭配是：為數眾多的事物（具體或抽象均可）作為主語。【例如】Rumours abound.謠言紛起。另一種搭配則是：承載的載體（具體或抽象均可）作為主語，為數眾多的事物（具體或抽象均可）用with或in引入。【例如】The hills abound with streams and waterfalls. 丘陵上面有許多溪流和瀑布。/ History abound?with examples. 歷史事例很多。/ London abounds in public monuments.

造句：Xi'an as the capital city of many dynaties in ancient China abounds with historic sites.

That still left one loose end, however: perhaps the taxi drivers in the studies had started out with?larger posterior hippocampi

loose'end

?noun[usually pl.]

? a part of sth such as a story that has not been completely finished or explained

(故事等)懸念,未了結的部份,未交代清楚的情節:

?The play has too?many loose ends.

這部劇未作交代的東西太多。

?There are still a few loose ends to tie up(= a few things to finish).

還有幾件小事需要了結。

Most scientists would have flat out denied that?something like what Maguire has seen in the brains of London cabbies was even possible.

flat out 竭盡全力；堅決的

1.as fast or as hard as possible

?Workers are working flat out to meet the?rise in demand for new cars.

2.(especially NAmE)in a definite and direct way;

?I told him flat out ‘No’.

?It's a 30-year mortgage we just flat out?can't handle.