18中考英語易錯知識點專練：連詞（含答案和解析）
2017-09-04 提成績，? 初中英語
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連詞除了用于連接單詞與單詞、短語與短語，還主要用于并列句和主從復合句，初中階段，關于從句，我們主要學習狀語從句和賓語從句。今天我們就一起來看看中考英語是怎樣對連詞進行考查的以及易錯點在哪里！
易錯知識點清單
1. as,while,when
as用作連詞時,含義比較多：
A)引導時間狀語從句。
(1)用“as soon as”結構,意思是“一……就”。例如:
Please e-mail me as soon as you get there.
請你一到那里就給我發電子郵件。
I'll tell him the news as soon as he comes back.
他一回來我就把這個消息告訴他。
(2)作“與……同時、一邊……一邊、當……的時候”講時,強調主從句的動作同時發生,而從句的謂語動詞必須是延續性動詞。例如:
He read the letter as he walked along the river.
他一邊沿著河邊走,一邊讀信。
As I waited at the stop, I heard a big noise.
我在車站候車的時候,聽到了一聲巨響。
B)引導比較狀語從句。用于“as...as”結構中,第一個as是副詞,第二個as是連詞。否定句用not as/so...as結構。例如:
He sings as well as his brother.他唱歌和哥哥一樣好。
Canoeing is not as/so interesting as sailing.
劃獨木舟沒有航海有趣。
C)引導原因狀語從句。表示明顯的原因,意思是“由于、鑒于”。例如:
We all like her as she is kind.我們都喜歡她,因為她善良。
As you're tired, you'd better have a rest.因為你疲勞,你最好休息一下。
D)引導方式狀語從句,意為“按照、如同”。如:
I have changed it as you suggested.
我已經按照你的建議修改了。
As two is to three,four is to six.
四比六等于二比三。
含有as的短語和固定搭配常見的有:
(1)as well as也
(2)as if好像
(3)the same as 和……一樣
(4)such as例如
(5)as...as possible盡可能......
(6)so as to為了、以便
(7)as soon as 一……就......
(8)as a matter of fact事實上/實際上
(9)as for至于
(10)as well也
(11)not only...but also...不但……而且
(12)both...and...既……又……
as用作介詞,意為“如同、作為、當作”,與介詞like不同,as表示某人/物看起來完全一樣或幾乎相同,而like表示相似關系,但不等同。如:
Don't have him as a servant.不要把他看作仆人。
He works as a servant.他以仆人的身份工作著。
試比較:He works like a servant.他像仆人一樣工作。(實際上不是。)
as作“作為”講時,相當于being。如:
As a student,it's bad manners to be late for class.作為學生,遲到是不禮貌的。(=Being a student,it's bad manners to be late for class.)
as常與動詞連用,構成短語或固定搭配如:look upon...as把……看作;regard...as把……認為是/把……看作;act as擔任、充當等。
as用作副詞,意思是“同樣地”,通常用來修飾副詞或形容詞。如:
He works hard,but I study just as hard.
他努力學習,我學習也一樣努力。
Their shool is as beautiful as ours.
他們的學校和我們的學校一樣美麗。
when用作連詞,引導時間狀語從句,意為“當……的時候”。如:
She wants to be a scientist when she grows up.
她長大后想當科學家。
When the game began,I was waiting for a taxi.
當比賽開始時,我在等出租車。
when可以引導賓語從句,后面跟陳述句語序,意思是“什么時候、何時”。如:
Please tell me when you came here.
請告訴我你是什么時候到的。
He asked when the game would start.
他問比賽什么時候開始。
when用作疑問副詞,意為“什么時候、何時”,引導特殊疑問句,可以問時間點,也可以問時間段。如:
—When do you usually go to school every day?
——你每天通常什么時候上學?
—At six o'clock.
——六點鐘。
—When will he be back?
——他什么時候回來?
—In a week.
——一個星期以后。
—When were you born?
——你是什么時候出生的?
—I was born in 1995.
——我出生在1995年。
while用作連詞時,意為“當……的時候、和……同時”,引導時間狀語從句,從句只能指時間段,不能指時間點,謂語動詞必須是延續性動詞或狀態動詞。如:
Strike while the iron is hot.趁熱打鐵。
Somebody broke into the house while we were out.
我們外出時有人破門而入。
while用作連詞時,引導讓步狀語從句,意為“雖然、盡管”。如:
While I admit his good points,I can see his shortcomings.
盡管我承認他的優點,我還是看到他的缺點了。
while用作名詞,意思是“一會兒、一段時間”。如:
Please wait a while.請稍等。
I haven't seen him for a long while.我好久沒有看到他了。
2. because,since,as,for
because表示理由或直接原因,意思是“因為”,語氣最強。引導原因狀語從句時,常用于句子中間,位于句首時,要用逗號隔開。單獨成句時,通常用來回答why所提出的問題。例如:
I like my parrot because it can sing.
因為鸚鵡會唱歌,所以我喜歡它。
Pandas are my favorite animals because they're very cute.
因為熊貓很可愛,所以它們是我最喜愛的動物。
—Why do you like giraffes?
—Because they are very interesting.
——你為什么喜歡長頸鹿?
——因為它們很有趣。
because表示理由/原因時,不能與so直接連用。漢語中,表示因果關系時要用“因為……所以……”;而英語中,用because就不用so,用so就不用because。試比較:
Nick caught a bad cold yesterday,so he had to stay at home.
Because Nick caught a bad cold yesterday,he had to stay at home.尼克昨天得了重感冒,因此他不得不待在家里。
because可以與of連用,構成介詞短語because of,之后跟名詞、代詞、詞組或短語表示理由/原因。如:
He has poor eyesight because of doing lots of computer work.
由于做大量的電腦工作,他的視力差。
The match was put off because of the bad weather.
比賽由于天氣不好被推遲了。
since表達明顯的或已知的理由,意為“既然”。since引導的從句常用于句首,語氣不如because,但是比as語氣強。引導的從句位于句子末尾時,可以作為補充說明。如:
Since everybody is here,let's begin.
既然大家都到了,那我們就開始吧。
Since you don't want to go there,I won't force you to.
既然你不想去,我也不勉強你。
I'll go to ask someone else,since you have no time.
既然你沒有時間,我就去找別人。
as表示理由時,意為“由于”,引導原因狀語從句時,主、從句并重,從句說明原因,主句說明結果,相當于since,但是語氣不如since。如:
As it was late,I left in a hurry.
因為天色已晚,我就匆忙離開了。
As I'm very busy,I can't go with you.
我很忙,所以不能和你一起去。
for是并列連詞,表明附加或推斷的理由,常用于口語中,意為“因為”。for連接的句子不用于句首,并列句之間可以用逗號分開。如:
I must be away for a week,for I'll go to Shanghai.
我要離開一個星期,因為我要去上海。
He must be at home,for the light in the room is on.
他一定在家,因為房間里的燈亮著。
I'm late for class for I got up late.
我上學遲到是因為我起床遲了。
3. so...that,such...that
so...that...意為“如此……以至于……”, so是副詞,后面跟形容詞或副詞,that后面跟句子表示結果,常見的句型結構有下面四種:
A. so+形容詞+that從句
The novel is so popular that it ran into two editions in a year.
這本小說是那么受歡迎,一年內就出了兩版。
She was so surprised that she just stood there.
她是如此吃驚,就呆呆地站在那里。
B. so+副詞+that從句
He drove so fast that he found it difficult to stop at the red light.他開車那么快,發現紅燈時已無法剎車了。
His friends were walking so slowly that he began to feel bored.他的朋友走得那么慢,他開始感到厭倦。
C. so+形容詞+a+單數名詞+that從句
It is so heavy a stone that I can't lift it.
這么重的一塊石頭,我舉不起來。
It is so lovely a day that I'd like to go swimming.
如此好的天氣,我想去游泳。
D. so+many/much/(a) few/(a) little+名詞+that從句
He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.
他摔了那么多跤,以致渾身青一塊、紫一塊。
so...that...可以與以下結構轉換：
A. 與too...to...結構的轉換
too...to...意為“太……以至于不能……”,與so...that...結構互換時,that從句中必須使用情態動詞can't(如果是過去時則用couldn't)。如:
He was so clever that he couldn't make such stupid mistakes. → He was too clever to make such stupid mistakes.他太聰明了,不會犯這么愚蠢的錯誤。
溫馨提示:如果主從句的主語不一致,改為同義句時,要用too...for sb. to...結構。如:
That question is so difficult that I can't work it out. →That question is too difficult for me to work out.這個問題太難,我算不出來。
B. 與enough to do/not enough to do結構的轉換
a)與enough to do sth.結構的轉換。
enough to do sth.意為“……足夠做某事”,與so...that...結構轉換時,that從句中必須使用情態動詞can。如:
You are so healthy that you can get back to school. → You are healthy enough to get back to school.你身體健康,可以回學校去了。
b)與not...enough to do結構的轉換。
not...enough to do意為“沒到做某事的……”,與so...that...結構轉換時,that從句中必須使用含有否定意義的情態動詞。enough前面的形容詞是so...that...結構中so后面形容詞的反義詞。如:
The boy is so young that he can't dress himself. →The boy is not old enough to dress himself.
這個孩子還沒到自己穿衣服的年齡。
He is so impatient that he can't wait. → He is not patient enough to wait.他沒有足夠的耐心等待。
提分策略
連詞的考查在近幾年的中考題中出現率較高,測試內容涉及并列連詞的用法、時間狀語從句、讓步狀語從句等。遇到有關連詞的單項選擇題時,考生需注意下面的問題:
1. 簡單連詞的選擇
首先找出連詞在句中是連接詞與詞、短語與短語還是連接句子與句子,以此來確定用并列連詞還是從屬連詞。如果選擇并列連詞,應該根據具體的語境,通過句意來確定應該用表示平行或承接關系的連詞、選擇關系的并列連詞還是表示因果關系的并列連詞。
【例1】(2014·北京·24)I'd like to go with you, I'm too busy.
A. or B. and C. so D. but
【解析】 考查連詞的用法。由后一句中的“too busy”判斷,應該用but來連接,表示轉折,不是選擇、遞進或因果。 故選D。
【答案】 D
【例2】(2014·江西·30) jeans were invented over 100 years ago,they're still in fashion today.
A. Because B. If
C. Although D. Since
【解析】 考查連詞的用法。 由句子關系和句意“100多年前發明牛仔褲,現在仍然時髦”判斷,該句是讓步狀語從句。故選C。
【答案】 C
2. 復合連詞和短語連詞的選擇。
復合連詞和短語連詞可以引導并列句和各種不同的復合句。常見的有:both...and...;either...or...;neither...nor...;as well;not only...but also;as soon as
【例】(2013·內蒙古包頭·32)One important aim of our school is to prepare us for the future we can face all the challenges with confidence.
A. so far B. so that
C. even if D. if only
【解析】 考查短語連詞的辨析。so far到目前為止;so that以至于;even if即使;if only如果;由句意“我們學校的一個重要目標是為我們的將來做準備以至于我們能夠有信心面對各種挑戰”判斷,該句是因果關系,應該用短語連詞so that來連接。故選B。
【答案】B
3. 從屬連詞的選擇
如果需要選擇從屬連詞,應該根據主句與從句之間的關系確定是賓語從句還是狀語從句。如果是狀語從句,還要根據句意分析,從句是表示時間、條件、原因還是結果等。 然后確定所需的連詞。
【例1】(2014·河南·34)He's not a perfect child. He sometimes talks back his parents talks with him.
A. if B. before
C. when D. until
【解析】 考查連詞的用法。由句意“他不是個完美的孩子,他父母和他談話時,他有時頂嘴”和句子之間的關系判斷,該句是時間狀語從句,不是條件狀語從句。因為主句和從句的動作同時發生,不是前后發生的或“直到……為止”。故選 C。
【答案】C
【例2】(2013·浙江義烏·19)I'll probably stay with my friends I get my own place to live in.
A. before B. when
C. after D. because
【解析】 考查連詞的用法。這是一個含有時間狀語從句的復合句。A項表示“在……以前”,B項表示“當……的時候”,C項表示“在……之后”,D項表示“因為”。根據句意:“在我有自己的房子之前,我很可能和我的朋友們住在一起”,可知本題選A。
【答案】A
專項訓練
1. (2014·江蘇鹽城· 13)—Mum,I want some pocket money.
—Well. I won't give it to you you wash your clothes.
A. if B. unless C. while D. though
2. (2014·山東德州·24) the car's old,it still runs well.
A. Because B. So C. Although D. But
3. (2014·江蘇泰州 ·10)He is very glad and keeps smiling, he has already known the good news.
A. as if B. even though C. even if D. so that
4. (2014·內蒙古赤峰·32)—Do you know the girl in blue is?
—I'm not sure. May be a teacher.
A. whose? B. how C. what D. which
5. (2014· 江蘇揚州·11)—Why were you late for school again this morning?
—I was about to go shopping it began to rain.
A. while? B. as C. when D. though
6. (2014 ·江蘇東臺·14)You can save money you buy cheaper things.
A. before B. unless C. if D. until
7. (2013·天津)Help others whenever you can you'll make the world a nicer place to live in.
A. or B. and C. but D. so
8. (2013·安徽)—How was your climbing Mount Huang?
—I didn't believe I could do it I got to the top.
A. until B. while C. after D. though
9. (2013·江蘇蘇州)Cross the road carefully, you'll keep yourself safe.
A. so B. or C. but D. and
10. (2013·上海靜安)Which mobile phone would you like to buy,an HTC an iPhone 5?
A. and B. so C. but D. or
11. (2013·山西)Wang Dong didn't go to school yesterday he was ill.
A. so B. if C. because
12. (2013·河南安陽)Hurry up, you will miss the train.
A. and B. so C. or D. but
13. (2013·云南) we don't save water,we will have no water to drink one day.
A. Where B. When C. Although D. If
14. (2013·浙江杭州)We will be punished we break the law.
A. until B. if C. unless D. though
【答案與解析】
1. B 解析:考查連詞辨析用法。該句是條件狀語從句,所以排除C、D兩項。因為主句是否定結構,從句也要否定結構,雙重否定表示肯定。故選B。
2. C 解析:考查連詞辨析用法。Because因為;So因此;Although雖然;But但是。該句是讓步狀語從句,應該用although來連接。故選C。
3. A 解析:考查短語連詞辨析用法。as if好像;even though雖然;even if即使;so that以便;結果。句意:他非常高興,一直在笑著,仿佛他已經知道這個好消息了。故選A。
4. C 解析:考查連詞辨析用法。該句是賓語從句,whose是所有格,之后要跟名詞;how是詢問怎么樣;what是詢問干什么、是什么;which是詢問哪一個。疑問句是詢問女孩是干什么的,所以排除A、B、D三項。故選C。
5. C 解析:考查連詞辨析用法。while 和……同時;as一邊;when當……的時候;這時;though雖然。從句是并列句,所以排除A、B、D三項。故選C。
6. C 解析:考查連詞辨析用法。before 在……之前;unless如果不;if如果;until直到……。該句是條件狀語從句,不是時間狀語從句,所以排除A、D兩項。B項含否定意義,也不符合題意。故選C。
7. B 解析:考查連詞用法。根據題意“無論什么時候,盡你所能幫助別人,你會讓這個世界變得更美好。”等同于肯定意義的條件句。相當于結構“祈使句+and+將來時”,故選B。
8. A 解析:考查連詞用法。not...until...直到……才……。根據句意“直到我爬到山頂我才相信我能做到”可知選A。
9. D 解析:考查連詞辨析。so因此;or否則;but表示轉折;and理解為“那么”,用于表示并列。根據題意“小心穿越馬路,能保證自己安全”可知用and連接。
10. D 解析:考查連詞用法。which引導的特殊疑問句是選擇疑問句,選擇項用or連接。
11. C 解析:考查連詞用法。上句是“王東沒有去上學,”下句是“他生病了”,顯然后者是前者的原因,因此用because。
12. C 解析:考查并列連詞用法。句意:快點,否則你會錯過火車的。or有“否則”的意思。因此答案選C。
13. D 解析:考查連詞用法。句意:如果我們不節約用水,有一天我們將會沒有水喝的。If “如果”引導條件狀語從句。
14. B 解析:考查連詞用法。“違反法律和受到懲罰”存在一種假設,故用if引導,句意:如果我們違反了法律,就會受到懲罰。18中考英語易錯知識點專練：連詞（含答案和解析）
2017-09-04 提成績，? 初中英語
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連詞除了用于連接單詞與單詞、短語與短語，還主要用于并列句和主從復合句，初中階段，關于從句，我們主要學習狀語從句和賓語從句。今天我們就一起來看看中考英語是怎樣對連詞進行考查的以及易錯點在哪里！
易錯知識點清單
1. as,while,when
as用作連詞時,含義比較多：
A)引導時間狀語從句。
(1)用“as soon as”結構,意思是“一……就”。例如:
Please e-mail me as soon as you get there.
請你一到那里就給我發電子郵件。
I'll tell him the news as soon as he comes back.
他一回來我就把這個消息告訴他。
(2)作“與……同時、一邊……一邊、當……的時候”講時,強調主從句的動作同時發生,而從句的謂語動詞必須是延續性動詞。例如:
He read the letter as he walked along the river.
他一邊沿著河邊走,一邊讀信。
As I waited at the stop, I heard a big noise.
我在車站候車的時候,聽到了一聲巨響。
B)引導比較狀語從句。用于“as...as”結構中,第一個as是副詞,第二個as是連詞。否定句用not as/so...as結構。例如:
He sings as well as his brother.他唱歌和哥哥一樣好。
Canoeing is not as/so interesting as sailing.
劃獨木舟沒有航海有趣。
C)引導原因狀語從句。表示明顯的原因,意思是“由于、鑒于”。例如:
We all like her as she is kind.我們都喜歡她,因為她善良。
As you're tired, you'd better have a rest.因為你疲勞,你最好休息一下。
D)引導方式狀語從句,意為“按照、如同”。如:
I have changed it as you suggested.
我已經按照你的建議修改了。
As two is to three,four is to six.
四比六等于二比三。
含有as的短語和固定搭配常見的有:
(1)as well as也
(2)as if好像
(3)the same as 和……一樣
(4)such as例如
(5)as...as possible盡可能......
(6)so as to為了、以便
(7)as soon as 一……就......
(8)as a matter of fact事實上/實際上
(9)as for至于
(10)as well也
(11)not only...but also...不但……而且
(12)both...and...既……又……
as用作介詞,意為“如同、作為、當作”,與介詞like不同,as表示某人/物看起來完全一樣或幾乎相同,而like表示相似關系,但不等同。如:
Don't have him as a servant.不要把他看作仆人。
He works as a servant.他以仆人的身份工作著。
試比較:He works like a servant.他像仆人一樣工作。(實際上不是。)
as作“作為”講時,相當于being。如:
As a student,it's bad manners to be late for class.作為學生,遲到是不禮貌的。(=Being a student,it's bad manners to be late for class.)
as常與動詞連用,構成短語或固定搭配如:look upon...as把……看作;regard...as把……認為是/把……看作;act as擔任、充當等。
as用作副詞,意思是“同樣地”,通常用來修飾副詞或形容詞。如:
He works hard,but I study just as hard.
他努力學習,我學習也一樣努力。
Their shool is as beautiful as ours.
他們的學校和我們的學校一樣美麗。
when用作連詞,引導時間狀語從句,意為“當……的時候”。如:
She wants to be a scientist when she grows up.
她長大后想當科學家。
When the game began,I was waiting for a taxi.
當比賽開始時,我在等出租車。
when可以引導賓語從句,后面跟陳述句語序,意思是“什么時候、何時”。如:
Please tell me when you came here.
請告訴我你是什么時候到的。
He asked when the game would start.
他問比賽什么時候開始。
when用作疑問副詞,意為“什么時候、何時”,引導特殊疑問句,可以問時間點,也可以問時間段。如:
—When do you usually go to school every day?
——你每天通常什么時候上學?
—At six o'clock.
——六點鐘。
—When will he be back?
——他什么時候回來?
—In a week.
——一個星期以后。
—When were you born?
——你是什么時候出生的?
—I was born in 1995.
——我出生在1995年。
while用作連詞時,意為“當……的時候、和……同時”,引導時間狀語從句,從句只能指時間段,不能指時間點,謂語動詞必須是延續性動詞或狀態動詞。如:
Strike while the iron is hot.趁熱打鐵。
Somebody broke into the house while we were out.
我們外出時有人破門而入。
while用作連詞時,引導讓步狀語從句,意為“雖然、盡管”。如:
While I admit his good points,I can see his shortcomings.
盡管我承認他的優點,我還是看到他的缺點了。
while用作名詞,意思是“一會兒、一段時間”。如:
Please wait a while.請稍等。
I haven't seen him for a long while.我好久沒有看到他了。
2. because,since,as,for
because表示理由或直接原因,意思是“因為”,語氣最強。引導原因狀語從句時,常用于句子中間,位于句首時,要用逗號隔開。單獨成句時,通常用來回答why所提出的問題。例如:
I like my parrot because it can sing.
因為鸚鵡會唱歌,所以我喜歡它。
Pandas are my favorite animals because they're very cute.
因為熊貓很可愛,所以它們是我最喜愛的動物。
—Why do you like giraffes?
—Because they are very interesting.
——你為什么喜歡長頸鹿?
——因為它們很有趣。
because表示理由/原因時,不能與so直接連用。漢語中,表示因果關系時要用“因為……所以……”;而英語中,用because就不用so,用so就不用because。試比較:
Nick caught a bad cold yesterday,so he had to stay at home.
Because Nick caught a bad cold yesterday,he had to stay at home.尼克昨天得了重感冒,因此他不得不待在家里。
because可以與of連用,構成介詞短語because of,之后跟名詞、代詞、詞組或短語表示理由/原因。如:
He has poor eyesight because of doing lots of computer work.
由于做大量的電腦工作,他的視力差。
The match was put off because of the bad weather.
比賽由于天氣不好被推遲了。
since表達明顯的或已知的理由,意為“既然”。since引導的從句常用于句首,語氣不如because,但是比as語氣強。引導的從句位于句子末尾時,可以作為補充說明。如:
Since everybody is here,let's begin.
既然大家都到了,那我們就開始吧。
Since you don't want to go there,I won't force you to.
既然你不想去,我也不勉強你。
I'll go to ask someone else,since you have no time.
既然你沒有時間,我就去找別人。
as表示理由時,意為“由于”,引導原因狀語從句時,主、從句并重,從句說明原因,主句說明結果,相當于since,但是語氣不如since。如:
As it was late,I left in a hurry.
因為天色已晚,我就匆忙離開了。
As I'm very busy,I can't go with you.
我很忙,所以不能和你一起去。
for是并列連詞,表明附加或推斷的理由,常用于口語中,意為“因為”。for連接的句子不用于句首,并列句之間可以用逗號分開。如:
I must be away for a week,for I'll go to Shanghai.
我要離開一個星期,因為我要去上海。
He must be at home,for the light in the room is on.
他一定在家,因為房間里的燈亮著。
I'm late for class for I got up late.
我上學遲到是因為我起床遲了。
3. so...that,such...that
so...that...意為“如此……以至于……”, so是副詞,后面跟形容詞或副詞,that后面跟句子表示結果,常見的句型結構有下面四種:
A. so+形容詞+that從句
The novel is so popular that it ran into two editions in a year.
這本小說是那么受歡迎,一年內就出了兩版。
She was so surprised that she just stood there.
她是如此吃驚,就呆呆地站在那里。
B. so+副詞+that從句
He drove so fast that he found it difficult to stop at the red light.他開車那么快,發現紅燈時已無法剎車了。
His friends were walking so slowly that he began to feel bored.他的朋友走得那么慢,他開始感到厭倦。
C. so+形容詞+a+單數名詞+that從句
It is so heavy a stone that I can't lift it.
這么重的一塊石頭,我舉不起來。
It is so lovely a day that I'd like to go swimming.
如此好的天氣,我想去游泳。
D. so+many/much/(a) few/(a) little+名詞+that從句
He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.
他摔了那么多跤,以致渾身青一塊、紫一塊。
so...that...可以與以下結構轉換：
A. 與too...to...結構的轉換
too...to...意為“太……以至于不能……”,與so...that...結構互換時,that從句中必須使用情態動詞can't(如果是過去時則用couldn't)。如:
He was so clever that he couldn't make such stupid mistakes. → He was too clever to make such stupid mistakes.他太聰明了,不會犯這么愚蠢的錯誤。
溫馨提示:如果主從句的主語不一致,改為同義句時,要用too...for sb. to...結構。如:
That question is so difficult that I can't work it out. →That question is too difficult for me to work out.這個問題太難,我算不出來。
B. 與enough to do/not enough to do結構的轉換
a)與enough to do sth.結構的轉換。
enough to do sth.意為“……足夠做某事”,與so...that...結構轉換時,that從句中必須使用情態動詞can。如:
You are so healthy that you can get back to school. → You are healthy enough to get back to school.你身體健康,可以回學校去了。
b)與not...enough to do結構的轉換。
not...enough to do意為“沒到做某事的……”,與so...that...結構轉換時,that從句中必須使用含有否定意義的情態動詞。enough前面的形容詞是so...that...結構中so后面形容詞的反義詞。如:
The boy is so young that he can't dress himself. →The boy is not old enough to dress himself.
這個孩子還沒到自己穿衣服的年齡。
He is so impatient that he can't wait. → He is not patient enough to wait.他沒有足夠的耐心等待。
提分策略
連詞的考查在近幾年的中考題中出現率較高,測試內容涉及并列連詞的用法、時間狀語從句、讓步狀語從句等。遇到有關連詞的單項選擇題時,考生需注意下面的問題:
1. 簡單連詞的選擇
首先找出連詞在句中是連接詞與詞、短語與短語還是連接句子與句子,以此來確定用并列連詞還是從屬連詞。如果選擇并列連詞,應該根據具體的語境,通過句意來確定應該用表示平行或承接關系的連詞、選擇關系的并列連詞還是表示因果關系的并列連詞。
【例1】(2014·北京·24)I'd like to go with you, I'm too busy.
A. or B. and C. so D. but
【解析】 考查連詞的用法。由后一句中的“too busy”判斷,應該用but來連接,表示轉折,不是選擇、遞進或因果。 故選D。
【答案】 D
【例2】(2014·江西·30) jeans were invented over 100 years ago,they're still in fashion today.
A. Because B. If
C. Although D. Since
【解析】 考查連詞的用法。 由句子關系和句意“100多年前發明牛仔褲,現在仍然時髦”判斷,該句是讓步狀語從句。故選C。
【答案】 C
2. 復合連詞和短語連詞的選擇。
復合連詞和短語連詞可以引導并列句和各種不同的復合句。常見的有:both...and...;either...or...;neither...nor...;as well;not only...but also;as soon as
【例】(2013·內蒙古包頭·32)One important aim of our school is to prepare us for the future we can face all the challenges with confidence.
A. so far B. so that
C. even if D. if only
【解析】 考查短語連詞的辨析。so far到目前為止;so that以至于;even if即使;if only如果;由句意“我們學校的一個重要目標是為我們的將來做準備以至于我們能夠有信心面對各種挑戰”判斷,該句是因果關系,應該用短語連詞so that來連接。故選B。
【答案】B
3. 從屬連詞的選擇
如果需要選擇從屬連詞,應該根據主句與從句之間的關系確定是賓語從句還是狀語從句。如果是狀語從句,還要根據句意分析,從句是表示時間、條件、原因還是結果等。 然后確定所需的連詞。
【例1】(2014·河南·34)He's not a perfect child. He sometimes talks back his parents talks with him.
A. if B. before
C. when D. until
【解析】 考查連詞的用法。由句意“他不是個完美的孩子,他父母和他談話時,他有時頂嘴”和句子之間的關系判斷,該句是時間狀語從句,不是條件狀語從句。因為主句和從句的動作同時發生,不是前后發生的或“直到……為止”。故選 C。
【答案】C
【例2】(2013·浙江義烏·19)I'll probably stay with my friends I get my own place to live in.
A. before B. when
C. after D. because
【解析】 考查連詞的用法。這是一個含有時間狀語從句的復合句。A項表示“在……以前”,B項表示“當……的時候”,C項表示“在……之后”,D項表示“因為”。根據句意:“在我有自己的房子之前,我很可能和我的朋友們住在一起”,可知本題選A。
【答案】A
專項訓練
1. (2014·江蘇鹽城· 13)—Mum,I want some pocket money.
—Well. I won't give it to you you wash your clothes.
A. if B. unless C. while D. though
2. (2014·山東德州·24) the car's old,it still runs well.
A. Because B. So C. Although D. But
3. (2014·江蘇泰州 ·10)He is very glad and keeps smiling, he has already known the good news.
A. as if B. even though C. even if D. so that
4. (2014·內蒙古赤峰·32)—Do you know the girl in blue is?
—I'm not sure. May be a teacher.
A. whose? B. how C. what D. which
5. (2014· 江蘇揚州·11)—Why were you late for school again this morning?
—I was about to go shopping it began to rain.
A. while? B. as C. when D. though
6. (2014 ·江蘇東臺·14)You can save money you buy cheaper things.
A. before B. unless C. if D. until
7. (2013·天津)Help others whenever you can you'll make the world a nicer place to live in.
A. or B. and C. but D. so
8. (2013·安徽)—How was your climbing Mount Huang?
—I didn't believe I could do it I got to the top.
A. until B. while C. after D. though
9. (2013·江蘇蘇州)Cross the road carefully, you'll keep yourself safe.
A. so B. or C. but D. and
10. (2013·上海靜安)Which mobile phone would you like to buy,an HTC an iPhone 5?
A. and B. so C. but D. or
11. (2013·山西)Wang Dong didn't go to school yesterday he was ill.
A. so B. if C. because
12. (2013·河南安陽)Hurry up, you will miss the train.
A. and B. so C. or D. but
13. (2013·云南) we don't save water,we will have no water to drink one day.
A. Where B. When C. Although D. If
14. (2013·浙江杭州)We will be punished we break the law.
A. until B. if C. unless D. though
【答案與解析】
1. B 解析:考查連詞辨析用法。該句是條件狀語從句,所以排除C、D兩項。因為主句是否定結構,從句也要否定結構,雙重否定表示肯定。故選B。
2. C 解析:考查連詞辨析用法。Because因為;So因此;Although雖然;But但是。該句是讓步狀語從句,應該用although來連接。故選C。
3. A 解析:考查短語連詞辨析用法。as if好像;even though雖然;even if即使;so that以便;結果。句意:他非常高興,一直在笑著,仿佛他已經知道這個好消息了。故選A。
4. C 解析:考查連詞辨析用法。該句是賓語從句,whose是所有格,之后要跟名詞;how是詢問怎么樣;what是詢問干什么、是什么;which是詢問哪一個。疑問句是詢問女孩是干什么的,所以排除A、B、D三項。故選C。
5. C 解析:考查連詞辨析用法。while 和……同時;as一邊;when當……的時候;這時;though雖然。從句是并列句,所以排除A、B、D三項。故選C。
6. C 解析:考查連詞辨析用法。before 在……之前;unless如果不;if如果;until直到……。該句是條件狀語從句,不是時間狀語從句,所以排除A、D兩項。B項含否定意義,也不符合題意。故選C。
7. B 解析:考查連詞用法。根據題意“無論什么時候,盡你所能幫助別人,你會讓這個世界變得更美好。”等同于肯定意義的條件句。相當于結構“祈使句+and+將來時”,故選B。
8. A 解析:考查連詞用法。not...until...直到……才……。根據句意“直到我爬到山頂我才相信我能做到”可知選A。
9. D 解析:考查連詞辨析。so因此;or否則;but表示轉折;and理解為“那么”,用于表示并列。根據題意“小心穿越馬路,能保證自己安全”可知用and連接。
10. D 解析:考查連詞用法。which引導的特殊疑問句是選擇疑問句,選擇項用or連接。
11. C 解析:考查連詞用法。上句是“王東沒有去上學,”下句是“他生病了”,顯然后者是前者的原因,因此用because。
12. C 解析:考查并列連詞用法。句意:快點,否則你會錯過火車的。or有“否則”的意思。因此答案選C。
13. D 解析:考查連18中考英語易錯知識點專練：連詞（含答案和解析）
2017-09-04 提成績，? 初中英語
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連詞除了用于連接單詞與單詞、短語與短語，還主要用于并列句和主從復合句，初中階段，關于從句，我們主要學習狀語從句和賓語從句。今天我們就一起來看看中考英語是怎樣對連詞進行考查的以及易錯點在哪里！
易錯知識點清單
1. as,while,when
as用作連詞時,含義比較多：
A)引導時間狀語從句。
(1)用“as soon as”結構,意思是“一……就”。例如:
Please e-mail me as soon as you get there.
請你一到那里就給我發電子郵件。
I'll tell him the news as soon as he comes back.
他一回來我就把這個消息告訴他。
(2)作“與……同時、一邊……一邊、當……的時候”講時,強調主從句的動作同時發生,而從句的謂語動詞必須是延續性動詞。例如:
He read the letter as he walked along the river.
他一邊沿著河邊走,一邊讀信。
As I waited at the stop, I heard a big noise.
我在車站候車的時候,聽到了一聲巨響。
B)引導比較狀語從句。用于“as...as”結構中,第一個as是副詞,第二個as是連詞。否定句用not as/so...as結構。例如:
He sings as well as his brother.他唱歌和哥哥一樣好。
Canoeing is not as/so interesting as sailing.
劃獨木舟沒有航海有趣。
C)引導原因狀語從句。表示明顯的原因,意思是“由于、鑒于”。例如:
We all like her as she is kind.我們都喜歡她,因為她善良。
As you're tired, you'd better have a rest.因為你疲勞,你最好休息一下。
D)引導方式狀語從句,意為“按照、如同”。如:
I have changed it as you suggested.
我已經按照你的建議修改了。
As two is to three,four is to six.
四比六等于二比三。
含有as的短語和固定搭配常見的有:
(1)as well as也
(2)as if好像
(3)the same as 和……一樣
(4)such as例如
(5)as...as possible盡可能......
(6)so as to為了、以便
(7)as soon as 一……就......
(8)as a matter of fact事實上/實際上
(9)as for至于
(10)as well也
(11)not only...but also...不但……而且
(12)both...and...既……又……
as用作介詞,意為“如同、作為、當作”,與介詞like不同,as表示某人/物看起來完全一樣或幾乎相同,而like表示相似關系,但不等同。如:
Don't have him as a servant.不要把他看作仆人。
He works as a servant.他以仆人的身份工作著。
試比較:He works like a servant.他像仆人一樣工作。(實際上不是。)
as作“作為”講時,相當于being。如:
As a student,it's bad manners to be late for class.作為學生,遲到是不禮貌的。(=Being a student,it's bad manners to be late for class.)
as常與動詞連用,構成短語或固定搭配如:look upon...as把……看作;regard...as把……認為是/把……看作;act as擔任、充當等。
as用作副詞,意思是“同樣地”,通常用來修飾副詞或形容詞。如:
He works hard,but I study just as hard.
他努力學習,我學習也一樣努力。
Their shool is as beautiful as ours.
他們的學校和我們的學校一樣美麗。
when用作連詞,引導時間狀語從句,意為“當……的時候”。如:
She wants to be a scientist when she grows up.
她長大后想當科學家。
When the game began,I was waiting for a taxi.
當比賽開始時,我在等出租車。
when可以引導賓語從句,后面跟陳述句語序,意思是“什么時候、何時”。如:
Please tell me when you came here.
請告訴我你是什么時候到的。
He asked when the game would start.
他問比賽什么時候開始。
when用作疑問副詞,意為“什么時候、何時”,引導特殊疑問句,可以問時間點,也可以問時間段。如:
—When do you usually go to school every day?
——你每天通常什么時候上學?
—At six o'clock.
——六點鐘。
—When will he be back?
——他什么時候回來?
—In a week.
——一個星期以后。
—When were you born?
——你是什么時候出生的?
—I was born in 1995.
——我出生在1995年。
while用作連詞時,意為“當……的時候、和……同時”,引導時間狀語從句,從句只能指時間段,不能指時間點,謂語動詞必須是延續性動詞或狀態動詞。如:
Strike while the iron is hot.趁熱打鐵。
Somebody broke into the house while we were out.
我們外出時有人破門而入。
while用作連詞時,引導讓步狀語從句,意為“雖然、盡管”。如:
While I admit his good points,I can see his shortcomings.
盡管我承認他的優點,我還是看到他的缺點了。
while用作名詞,意思是“一會兒、一段時間”。如:
Please wait a while.請稍等。
I haven't seen him for a long while.我好久沒有看到他了。
2. because,since,as,for
because表示理由或直接原因,意思是“因為”,語氣最強。引導原因狀語從句時,常用于句子中間,位于句首時,要用逗號隔開。單獨成句時,通常用來回答why所提出的問題。例如:
I like my parrot because it can sing.
因為鸚鵡會唱歌,所以我喜歡它。
Pandas are my favorite animals because they're very cute.
因為熊貓很可愛,所以它們是我最喜愛的動物。
—Why do you like giraffes?
—Because they are very interesting.
——你為什么喜歡長頸鹿?
——因為它們很有趣。
because表示理由/原因時,不能與so直接連用。漢語中,表示因果關系時要用“因為……所以……”;而英語中,用because就不用so,用so就不用because。試比較:
Nick caught a bad cold yesterday,so he had to stay at home.
Because Nick caught a bad cold yesterday,he had to stay at home.尼克昨天得了重感冒,因此他不得不待在家里。
because可以與of連用,構成介詞短語because of,之后跟名詞、代詞、詞組或短語表示理由/原因。如:
He has poor eyesight because of doing lots of computer work.
由于做大量的電腦工作,他的視力差。
The match was put off because of the bad weather.
比賽由于天氣不好被推遲了。
since表達明顯的或已知的理由,意為“既然”。since引導的從句常用于句首,語氣不如because,但是比as語氣強。引導的從句位于句子末尾時,可以作為補充說明。如:
Since everybody is here,let's begin.
既然大家都到了,那我們就開始吧。
Since you don't want to go there,I won't force you to.
既然你不想去,我也不勉強你。
I'll go to ask someone else,since you have no time.
既然你沒有時間,我就去找別人。
as表示理由時,意為“由于”,引導原因狀語從句時,主、從句并重,從句說明原因,主句說明結果,相當于since,但是語氣不如since。如:
As it was late,I left in a hurry.
因為天色已晚,我就匆忙離開了。
As I'm very busy,I can't go with you.
我很忙,所以不能和你一起去。
for是并列連詞,表明附加或推斷的理由,常用于口語中,意為“因為”。for連接的句子不用于句首,并列句之間可以用逗號分開。如:
I must be away for a week,for I'll go to Shanghai.
我要離開一個星期,因為我要去上海。
He must be at home,for the light in the room is on.
他一定在家,因為房間里的燈亮著。
I'm late for class for I got up late.
我上學遲到是因為我起床遲了。
3. so...that,such...that
so...that...意為“如此……以至于……”, so是副詞,后面跟形容詞或副詞,that后面跟句子表示結果,常見的句型結構有下面四種:
A. so+形容詞+that從句
The novel is so popular that it ran into two editions in a year.
這本小說是那么受歡迎,一年內就出了兩版。
She was so surprised that she just stood there.
她是如此吃驚,就呆呆地站在那里。
B. so+副詞+that從句
He drove so fast that he found it difficult to stop at the red light.他開車那么快,發現紅燈時已無法剎車了。
His friends were walking so slowly that he began to feel bored.他的朋友走得那么慢,他開始感到厭倦。
C. so+形容詞+a+單數名詞+that從句
It is so heavy a stone that I can't lift it.
這么重的一塊石頭,我舉不起來。
It is so lovely a day that I'd like to go swimming.
如此好的天氣,我想去游泳。
D. so+many/much/(a) few/(a) little+名詞+that從句
He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.
他摔了那么多跤,以致渾身青一塊、紫一塊。
so...that...可以與以下結構轉換：
A. 與too...to...結構的轉換
too...to...意為“太……以至于不能……”,與so...that...結構互換時,that從句中必須使用情態動詞can't(如果是過去時則用couldn't)。如:
He was so clever that he couldn't make such stupid mistakes. → He was too clever to make such stupid mistakes.他太聰明了,不會犯這么愚蠢的錯誤。
溫馨提示:如果主從句的主語不一致,改為同義句時,要用too...for sb. to...結構。如:
That question is so difficult that I can't work it out. →That question is too difficult for me to work out.這個問題太難,我算不出來。
B. 與enough to do/not enough to do結構的轉換
a)與enough to do sth.結構的轉換。
enough to do sth.意為“……足夠做某事”,與so...that...結構轉換時,that從句中必須使用情態動詞can。如:
You are so healthy that you can get back to school. → You are healthy enough to get back to school.你身體健康,可以回學校去了。
b)與not...enough to do結構的轉換。
not...enough to do意為“沒到做某事的……”,與so...that...結構轉換時,that從句中必須使用含有否定意義的情態動詞。enough前面的形容詞是so...that...結構中so后面形容詞的反義詞。如:
The boy is so young that he can't dress himself. →The boy is not old enough to dress himself.
這個孩子還沒到自己穿衣服的年齡。
He is so impatient that he can't wait. → He is not patient enough to wait.他沒有足夠的耐心等待。
提分策略
連詞的考查在近幾年的中考題中出現率較高,測試內容涉及并列連詞的用法、時間狀語從句、讓步狀語從句等。遇到有關連詞的單項選擇題時,考生需注意下面的問題:
1. 簡單連詞的選擇
首先找出連詞在句中是連接詞與詞、短語與短語還是連接句子與句子,以此來確定用并列連詞還是從屬連詞。如果選擇并列連詞,應該根據具體的語境,通過句意來確定應該用表示平行或承接關系的連詞、選擇關系的并列連詞還是表示因果關系的并列連詞。
【例1】(2014·北京·24)I'd like to go with you, I'm too busy.
A. or B. and C. so D. but
【解析】 考查連詞的用法。由后一句中的“too busy”判斷,應該用but來連接,表示轉折,不是選擇、遞進或因果。 故選D。
【答案】 D
【例2】(2014·江西·30) jeans were invented over 100 years ago,they're still in fashion today.
A. Because B. If
C. Although D. Since
【解析】 考查連詞的用法。 由句子關系和句意“100多年前發明牛仔褲,現在仍然時髦”判斷,該句是讓步狀語從句。故選C。
【答案】 C
2. 復合連詞和短語連詞的選擇。
復合連詞和短語連詞可以引導并列句和各種不同的復合句。常見的有:both...and...;either...or...;neither...nor...;as well;not only...but also;as soon as
【例】(2013·內蒙古包頭·32)One important aim of our school is to prepare us for the future we can face all the challenges with confidence.
A. so far B. so that
C. even if D. if only
【解析】 考查短語連詞的辨析。so far到目前為止;so that以至于;even if即使;if only如果;由句意“我們學校的一個重要目標是為我們的將來做準備以至于我們能夠有信心面對各種挑戰”判斷,該句是因果關系,應該用短語連詞so that來連接。故選B。
【答案】B
3. 從屬連詞的選擇
如果需要選擇從屬連詞,應該根據主句與從句之間的關系確定是賓語從句還是狀語從句。如果是狀語從句,還要根據句意分析,從句是表示時間、條件、原因還是結果等。 然后確定所需的連詞。
【例1】(2014·河南·34)He's not a perfect child. He sometimes talks back his parents talks with him.
A. if B. before
C. when D. until
【解析】 考查連詞的用法。由句意“他不是個完美的孩子,他父母和他談話時,他有時頂嘴”和句子之間的關系判斷,該句是時間狀語從句,不是條件狀語從句。因為主句和從句的動作同時發生,不是前后發生的或“直到……為止”。故選 C。
【答案】C
【例2】(2013·浙江義烏·19)I'll probably stay with my friends I get my own place to live in.
A. before B. when
C. after D. because
【解析】 考查連詞的用法。這是一個含有時間狀語從句的復合句。A項表示“在……以前”,B項表示“當……的時候”,C項表示“在……之后”,D項表示“因為”。根據句意:“在我有自己的房子之前,我很可能和我的朋友們住在一起”,可知本題選A。
【答案】A
專項訓練
1. (2014·江蘇鹽城· 13)—Mum,I want some pocket money.
—Well. I won't give it to you you wash your clothes.
A. if B. unless C. while D. though
2. (2014·山東德州·24) the car's old,it still runs well.
A. Because B. So C. Although D. But
3. (2014·江蘇泰州 ·10)He is very glad and keeps smiling, he has already known the good news.
A. as if B. even though C. even if D. so that
4. (2014·內蒙古赤峰·32)—Do you know the girl in blue is?
—I'm not sure. May be a teacher.
A. whose? B. how C. what D. which
5. (2014· 江蘇揚州·11)—Why were you late for school again this morning?
—I was about to go shopping it began to rain.
A. while? B. as C. when D. though
6. (2014 ·江蘇東臺·14)You can save money you buy cheaper things.
A. before B. unless C. if D. until
7. (2013·天津)Help others whenever you can you'll make the world a nicer place to live in.
A. or B. and C. but D. so
8. (2013·安徽)—How was your climbing Mount Huang?
—I didn't believe I could do it I got to the top.
A. until B. while C. after D. though
9. (2013·江蘇蘇州)Cross the road carefully, you'll keep yourself safe.
A. so B. or C. but D. and
10. (2013·上海靜安)Which mobile phone would you like to buy,an HTC an iPhone 5?
A. and B. so C. but D. or
11. (2013·山西)Wang Dong didn't go to school yesterday he was ill.
A. so B. if C. because
12. (2013·河南安陽)Hurry up, you will miss the train.
A. and B. so C. or D. but
13. (2013·云南) we don't save water,we will have no water to drink one day.
A. Where B. When C. Although D. If
14. (2013·浙江杭州)We will be punished we break the law.
A. until B. if C. unless D. though
【答案與解析】
1. B 解析:考查連詞辨析用法。該句是條件狀語從句,所以排除C、D兩項。因為主句是否定結構,從句也要否定結構,雙重否定表示肯定。故選B。
2. C 解析:考查連詞辨析用法。Because因為;So因此;Although雖然;But但是。該句是讓步狀語從句,應該用although來連接。故選C。
3. A 解析:考查短語連詞辨析用法。as if好像;even though雖然;even if即使;so that以便;結果。句意:他非常高興,一直在笑著,仿佛他已經知道這個好消息了。故選A。
4. C 解析:考查連詞辨析用法。該句是賓語從句,whose是所有格,之后要跟名詞;how是詢問怎么樣;what是詢問干什么、是什么;which是詢問哪一個。疑問句是詢問女孩是干什么的,所以排除A、B、D三項。故選C。
5. C 解析:考查連詞辨析用法。while 和……同時;as一邊;when當……的時候;這時;though雖然。從句是并列句,所以排除A、B、D三項。故選C。
6. C 解析:考查連詞辨析用法。before 在……之前;unless如果不;if如果;until直到……。該句是條件狀語從句,不是時間狀語從句,所以排除A、D兩項。B項含否定意義,也不符合題意。故選C。
7. B 解析:考查連詞用法。根據題意“無論什么時候,盡你所能幫助別人,你會讓這個世界變得更美好。”等同于肯定意義的條件句。相當于結構“祈使句+and+將來時”,故選B。
8. A 解析:考查連詞用法。not...until...直到……才……。根據句意“直到我爬到山頂我才相信我能做到”可知選A。
9. D 解析:考查連詞辨析。so因此;or否則;but表示轉折;and理解為“那么”,用于表示并列。根據題意“小心穿越馬路,能保證自己安全”可知用and連接。
10. D 解析:考查連詞用法。which引導的特殊疑問句是選擇疑問句,選擇項用or連接。
11. C 解析:考查連詞用法。上句是“王東沒有去上學,”下句是“他生病了”,顯然后者是前者的原因,因此用because。
12. C 解析:考查并列連詞用法。句意:快點,否則你會錯過火車的。or有“否則”的意思。因此答案選C。
13. D 解析:考查連詞用法。句意:如果我們不節約用水,有一天我們將會沒有水喝的。If “如果”引導條件狀語從句。
14. B 解析:考查連詞用法。“違反法律和受到懲罰”存在一種假設,故用if引導,句意:如果我們違反了法律,就會受到懲罰。詞用法。句意:如果我們不節約用水,有一天我們將會沒有水喝的。If “如果”引導條件狀語從句。
14. B 解析:考查連詞用法。“違反法律和受到懲罰”存在一種假設,故用if引導,句意:如果我們違反了法律,就會受到懲罰。
