實義動詞

除了 助動詞 和 情態助動詞 以外的，都是實義動詞

助動詞

助動詞不具備語義，不能單獨作為句子謂語，必須和實義動詞連用
構成各種時態、語態、語氣、否定和疑問
be，do，have既可以作為系動詞也可以作為助動詞

be：am，is，are，was，were，been，being
do：does，did
have：has，had，having

情態助動詞

用來表示可能、建議、愿望、必要、允許、能力、懷疑等，表示說話者對某種行為或者狀態的看法和態度

can/could，may/might，must，shall/shoud，will/would
have to，ought to，used to，need/dare

陳述語句否定

謂語動詞含有be動詞或者情態動詞，在其后直接加not

He is teacher. -> He is not teacher.
He will come to party. -> He will not come to party.

謂語動詞是實義動詞，借助于do+not構成

I like English. -> I don't like English
He likes English. -> He does not like English.

一般疑問句

一般疑問句，只需要將be動詞或者情態動詞移到句首
一般疑問句的回答方式，肯定用yes，否定用no

Is he a teacher? Yes, he is. No, he isn't.
Can he swim? Yes, he can. No, he can't.

謂語動詞是實義動詞，借助于do或does，放在句首

Does he like English? Yes, he does. No, he doesn't.
Do you like English? Yes, i do. No, i don't.

特殊疑問句

特殊疑問詞 + 一般疑問句
作主語的疑問句 + 謂語部分

對人提問 who
對事物或者有關所做的事情提問 what
對時間提問 when
對方式提問 how
對地點提問 where
對原因提問 why

要接名詞連用的提問
說話者提供多種選擇對象供對方選擇時，用which來提供
which后面也可以不接名詞，which作為代詞

Can you lend me you pen?
**Which pen/ which one/ which** do you want?
That red one. Thanks.

whose后面必須接名詞連用，表示“誰的什么東西？”

**Whose book** is this?
**Whose car** did you borrow last night?

how 可以單獨使用，是對動作的方式進行提問

how do you go to school?
how did he break his leg?

how 常與形容詞或副詞連用

how old are you?
how far is it from your home to school?

how often/how many times...?對動作發生的頻率提問
every / every other / once a / twice a / three times a +day/week/month/year

how often do you go shopping?
how many times a week do you go shopping?