import time, threading

# 新線程執行的代碼:
def loop():
    print('thread %s is running...' % threading.current_thread().name)
    n = 0
    while n < 5:
        n = n + 1
        print('thread %s >>> %s' % (threading.current_thread().name, n))
        time.sleep(1)
    print('thread %s ended.' % threading.current_thread().name)

print('thread %s is running...' % threading.current_thread().name)
t = threading.Thread(target=loop, name='LoopThread')
t.start()
t.join()
print('thread %s ended.' % threading.current_thread().name)

執行結果如下：

thread MainThread is running...
thread LoopThread is running...
thread LoopThread >>> 1
thread LoopThread >>> 2
thread LoopThread >>> 3
thread LoopThread >>> 4
thread LoopThread >>> 5
thread LoopThread ended.
thread MainThread ended.

lock

import time, threading

# 假定這是你的銀行存款:
balance = 0
lock = threading.Lock()

def change_it(n):
    # 先存后取，結果應該為0:
    global balance
    balance = balance + n
    balance = balance - n

def run_thread(n):
    for i in range(100000):
# 先要獲取鎖:
        lock.acquire()
        try:
            # 放心地改吧:
            change_it(n)
        finally:
            # 改完了一定要釋放鎖:
            lock.release()

t1 = threading.Thread(target=run_thread, args=(5,))
t2 = threading.Thread(target=run_thread, args=(8,))
t1.start()
t2.start()
t1.join()
t2.join()
print(balance)

多核CPU

Python的線程雖然是真正的線程，但解釋器執行代碼時，有一個GIL鎖：Global Interpreter Lock，任何Python線程執行前，必須先獲得GIL鎖，然后，每執行100條字節碼，解釋器就自動釋放GIL鎖，讓別的線程有機會執行。這個GIL全局鎖實際上把所有線程的執行代碼都給上了鎖，所以，多線程在Python中只能交替執行，即使100個線程跑在100核CPU上，也只能用到1個核

Python雖然不能利用多線程實現多核任務，但可以通過多進程實現多核任務。多個Python進程有各自獨立的GIL鎖，互不影響。