今年的四六級(jí)結(jié)束了,明年的還會(huì)遠(yuǎn)嗎?

2016年四六級(jí)考試結(jié)束了,各位小伙伴感覺如何,是大戰(zhàn)后的神清氣爽,還是一覺睡醒仍心有余悸?

易習(xí)在線收集了一些小伙伴的吐槽,你是否中招了呢?

1.作文不知如何下手

有些小伙伴在看到作文的一剎那就后悔了,What means “innovation”?簡(jiǎn)直猶如在玩誰是臥底抽到一號(hào),臥底詞是白板。

2.鴨聽天雷,不知嗚嚕嗚嚕所云何物,已然question。

3.每年都考,每年都掛

很多同學(xué)都有這樣的感覺,明明每天背單詞,做了不知多少真題,但總是過不了。其實(shí)四六級(jí)考試不僅需要個(gè)人的詞匯積累、大量刷題,還需要有一定的考試技巧。易習(xí)在線為你準(zhǔn)備了一些實(shí)用技巧。

四六級(jí)考試技巧

1、詞匯題表現(xiàn)形式

詞匯題一般會(huì)明確地告訴考生出題點(diǎn)在哪里,不需要考生查找所考查內(nèi)容。它可以考一個(gè)單詞的含義,一個(gè)詞組的意思,或者考一個(gè)句子的弦外之音。

2、詞匯題解題方法

詞匯題是考生得分率較低的一類題,因?yàn)樗枰忌鷱纳舷挛闹羞M(jìn)行分析,推敲單詞背后的意思。問單詞或詞組的意思,加強(qiáng)調(diào)上下文邏輯分析;有時(shí)用轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯,但更多是利用并列邏輯,比如:

原文:This is the Shadowland of hope, and anyone with a dream must learn to live there.

60.“Shadowland”in the last sentence refers to____ .

A) the wonderland one often dreams about

B) the bright future that one is looking forward to

C) the state of uncertainty before one's final goal is reached

D) a world that exists only in one's imagination

此題解法有多種,其中可以利用并列關(guān)系來求解。首先,and后面的句子告訴我們“任何有夢(mèng)想的人必須要學(xué)會(huì)在那里生活”,這暗含了“那里”不好的環(huán)境。再從and可知,兩個(gè)分句的邏輯是一致的,據(jù)此Shadowland也應(yīng)該是不利的環(huán)境,故選擇C項(xiàng)。

考句子的含義,查找答案的方向還得做一個(gè)細(xì)分:如果句子簡(jiǎn)單,一般在上下文中尋找答案;如果句子復(fù)雜,則更加傾向于在句子內(nèi)部找答案。

詞匯題注意點(diǎn)如果考簡(jiǎn)單單詞,正確答案會(huì)與該單詞的常用意思沒有多大關(guān)系;如果考難詞,感覺很難有分析的線索時(shí),就把四個(gè)選項(xiàng)代到原文中,使得原文邏輯正確,意思同學(xué)的為正確答案;如果考句子的含義而導(dǎo)致分析完全沒有思路時(shí),不妨結(jié)合文章問題來分析,可以體現(xiàn)主題,或與主題的邏輯一致,一般就是答案。

3、閱讀推理題答題技巧

●推理題表現(xiàn)形式推理題提問的方式有很多,比如suggest,imply,indicate,conclude,infer等。然而,suggest,imply和indicate這些單詞提問,這個(gè)題目往往按照細(xì)節(jié)題的方法來處理即可,真正難把握的是conclude和infer 兩個(gè)單詞,這也是四級(jí)閱讀推理題經(jīng)常用來提問的方式。

●推理題解題方法推理題難度高,不在于推理難,而在于找答案沒有方向。

比如,題目可能會(huì)問What can be inferred from the passage? What can be concluded from the passage? 如果我們對(duì)歷年考題作一個(gè)仔細(xì)分析,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)conclude和infer還是有些答案查找的方向的。

Conclude提問的題目,一般會(huì)涉及原文中結(jié)論性,觀點(diǎn)性的語言,尤其是段落首末的句子。而infer提問的題目,如果題干信息比較多比較具體,一般可以當(dāng)作細(xì)節(jié)題來處理,如果題干信息比較少,則考查原文觀點(diǎn)結(jié)論的語言比較多,甚至考文章主題。

●推理題注意點(diǎn)

很多考生在做推理題時(shí),有一種思維誤區(qū),認(rèn)為一個(gè)選項(xiàng)與原文相去越遠(yuǎn),就越可能是正確答案,所以在找不到原文的依據(jù)時(shí),就隨心所欲地推導(dǎo)。其實(shí),很多情況下,推理題的正確答案相差并不大,不應(yīng)把這類題想得太難了。比如:

It can be inferred from the passage that____.

A).killing foxes with poison is illegal

B).limiting the fox population is unnecessary

C).hunting foxes with dogs is considered cruel and violent

D).fox-hunting often leads to confrontation between the poor and the rich

正確答案選擇C,而原文相關(guān)信息是:┄ because they think it is brutal(殘酷的) ┄(原文已經(jīng)給出brutal的含義)。可見兩者相差并不大。

4、閱讀主旨題答題技巧

●主旨題表現(xiàn)形式四級(jí)閱讀中,主旨題主要可以表現(xiàn)為“What’s the best title for this passage”;“What is the main idea of the passage”;“The author’s purpose of writing this passage is to _____”。當(dāng)然,這些提問方式可以有很多微小的變化,比如問“The passage is mainly about___”等等。

●主旨題解題方法從理論上來講,主旨題是四級(jí)各類題型中要求最高的,因?yàn)樗罂忌赐晡恼潞螅軐?duì)文章的大概框架作一個(gè)宏觀把握,從而解答后面的題目。但是把握文章框架對(duì)很多考生來說,是不能做到的。慶幸的是,一般的四級(jí)文章,都可以找到文章主題句,或者是可以體現(xiàn)文章主題的句子或單詞。

文章主題一般在前兩段出現(xiàn),所以考生要比較關(guān)注前兩段結(jié)論性的語言。四級(jí)閱讀在全文首句出現(xiàn)文章主題的情況比較多見。另外,第一段轉(zhuǎn)折性的語言,通常也能體現(xiàn)作者的觀點(diǎn)偏好。

●主旨題注意點(diǎn)

如果是考文章主題,那么正確答案一定具有概括性和結(jié)論性,細(xì)節(jié)性的選項(xiàng)肯定是錯(cuò)的。如2005年考題,

What is the author’s purpose in writing this article?

A)To justify the study of the Boston University Medical Center.

B)To stress the importance of maintaining proper weight.

C)To support the statement made by York Onnen.

D)To show the most effective way to lose weight.

一看這四個(gè)選項(xiàng),就可以發(fā)現(xiàn)A和C里面包含十分具體信息“the Boston University Medical Center”和“York Onnen”,是利用原文中的具體話題,某個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容而設(shè)計(jì)的干擾選項(xiàng)。

值得注意的是很多干擾選項(xiàng)還以“以偏概全”的形式出現(xiàn)的,所以分析時(shí)要注意正確答案概括的全面性。而利用擴(kuò)大主題的范圍來設(shè)計(jì)干擾選項(xiàng)的方式,在四級(jí)中相對(duì)較少。為了說明主題,為了論證,作者會(huì)引用一些人講的話,而這些觀點(diǎn)也很可能被考到。

5、閱讀細(xì)節(jié)題答題技巧

●細(xì)節(jié)題表現(xiàn)形式

這類題在四級(jí)考試中題量較大,占到60%——70%的題量,可以說是四級(jí)考試成敗的關(guān)鍵這類題特點(diǎn)是題干的信息比較具體,考查文章中的重要細(xì)節(jié)。如2005年1月份考題:

“Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order to”,

本題通過“free play”,“some Japanese kindergartens”反映了原文考查對(duì)象,題干內(nèi)容比較具體,屬于細(xì)節(jié)分析。又如2005年6月份出現(xiàn)的題目:“What did the handball player do when he was not allowed a time out to change his gloves? ”本題handball player 是中心話題,when引導(dǎo)狀語從句,這兩部分明確指定了考查的細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容,在原文中找答案十分方便。

●細(xì)節(jié)題解題方法

細(xì)節(jié)題考查信息查找能力和句子的理解能力。由于考試時(shí)間非常緊張,對(duì)于考生來說,做好細(xì)節(jié)題,首先是要在原文找到相關(guān)信息。正是由于這點(diǎn),我們看文章需要目的。有同學(xué)先看文章再做題,導(dǎo)致做題時(shí)還得回去在文章中尋找相關(guān)內(nèi)容,或者干脆憑著對(duì)文章的主觀印象匆忙求解,結(jié)果是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間或者錯(cuò)誤較多。建議考生先看題干再看文章,這樣就會(huì)有方向感,目的感。所以,細(xì)節(jié)題的重要做題方法就是:先看題干,再看原文,帶著題干個(gè)別的特有信息或者帶著題干的中心話題在原文定位。如“What did the handball player do when he was not allowed a time out to change his gloves? ”就可以結(jié)合handball player這個(gè)中心話題在原文找答案。

四級(jí)細(xì)節(jié)題干有時(shí)會(huì)有比較明顯的信息,如時(shí)間數(shù)字,專有名詞,中心名詞。如:What was confirmed by the Boston University Medical Center’s study?題干中Boston University Medical Center這個(gè)專有名詞可以讓考生迅速找到考到的原文內(nèi)容。如果用題干信息在原文找答案沒有結(jié)果,可以根據(jù)題目的先后順序來確定大概范圍(除個(gè)別例外,四級(jí)細(xì)節(jié)題大體上還是按照出題的先后順序找答案的)。

舉例說明:

24.Why do pet dogs love performing tricks for their masters?

25.When a dog has received effective obedience training, its owner____.

做24題過程中,考生可以通過performing tricks 比較容易在原文倒數(shù)第二段最后一句話定位找答案;這時(shí),可以大膽預(yù)測(cè),25題考最后一段內(nèi)容。

●細(xì)節(jié)題注意點(diǎn)

考生做細(xì)節(jié)題時(shí),要注意合理但不正確的選項(xiàng)。很多考生在做題時(shí),忽視了題目與原文的聯(lián)系,憑著合理性的主觀猜想選擇答案。結(jié)果很多考生感覺做得很好,但對(duì)答案時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)錯(cuò)了很多。另外,很多表示程度、范圍、頻率等的副詞或形容詞可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤,如2002年1月考題出現(xiàn)一個(gè)干擾選項(xiàng)是“keep in constant touch with the computer center”,其中的constant就是選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤的關(guān)鍵。所以,細(xì)節(jié)題要求考生非常細(xì)心。

6、閱讀態(tài)度題答題技巧

●態(tài)度題表現(xiàn)形式

態(tài)度題一般提問方式是:The author’s attitude towards ┄ is _____. 或者是What is the author’s attitude towards _______?

●態(tài)度題解題方法

從原則上來講,態(tài)度題可以考查作者對(duì)一個(gè)中心話題的看法,也可以考查作者對(duì)某一具體細(xì)節(jié)的態(tài)度,但是從歷年考法來看,四級(jí)閱讀更加注重考查文章中心話題。所以,態(tài)度題經(jīng)常可以通過文章主題來判斷作者的態(tài)度。如:

原文首句:It’s no secret that many children would be healthier and happier with adoptive parents than with the parents that nature dealt them.

題目:The author’s attitude towards the judge’s ruling could be described as______.

A) doubtful ? B) critical ? C) cautious ? D) supportive

全文首句可以體現(xiàn)文章討論的中心話題,它明確道出了作者的觀點(diǎn):有時(shí)小孩與養(yǎng)父母在一起比與親生父母在一起更好。而原文中judge’s ruling的結(jié)果就是把小孩判給了養(yǎng)父,所以作者一定會(huì)持支持態(tài)度,故選D。

●態(tài)度題注意點(diǎn)考生應(yīng)該熟練掌握在態(tài)度題中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的單詞,如positive, negative, optimistic, pessimistic, approving, concerned, objective, compromise等。另外,從以前四級(jí)考試的情況來看,作者的態(tài)度一般是或褒或貶,或樂觀或擔(dān)憂,中性評(píng)價(jià)為正確答案的較少。

如果考生來不及看文章,萬般無奈下憑這些規(guī)律可以選中不少正確選項(xiàng)。

(一)答案項(xiàng)中有絕對(duì)語氣詞的一般不是正確答案項(xiàng)。

這些語氣詞有: must, always, never, the most, all, only, have to, any, no, very,completely, none, hardly等。

例(1) One of the great changes brought about by the knowledge society is that _____ .

A. the difference between the employee and the employer has become insignificant.

B. people‘s traditional concepts about work no longer hold true.

C. most people have to take part-time jobs.

D. people have to change their jobs from time to time.

(分析:四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,C、D兩項(xiàng)中都含有“have to”,語氣太絕對(duì)化,一般被排除。考生在剩下兩項(xiàng)中進(jìn)行選擇,就大大降低了難度。)

例(2)The main idea of this passage is that _____ .

A. better use of green space facilities should be made so as to improve the quality of our life.

B. attention must be directed to the improvement of recreative possibilities.

C. the urban environment is providing more recreation activities than it did many years ago.

D. priority must be given to the development of obligatory activities.

(分析:B、D兩項(xiàng)中均有must be,語氣太絕對(duì)化,故一般被排除。考生結(jié)合短文內(nèi)容在剩下兩項(xiàng)中進(jìn)行選擇,命中率就極高了。)

(二)選項(xiàng)中含有不十分肯定的語氣詞一般是正確答案項(xiàng)。

這些語氣詞有: can, could, may, should, usually, might, most(大多數(shù)),more or less, relatively, be likely to, possible, whether or, not necessarily 等。

例(1)It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes .

A. Americans are more ambitious than people in other countries

B. in many countries success often depends on one‘s social status

C. American businesses are more democratic than those in other countries

D. businesses in other countries are not as competitive as those in America

(分析:選項(xiàng)B中often 一詞,語氣委婉,不十分肯定,故為答案。而其它三項(xiàng)中所表達(dá)出的語氣都明顯絕對(duì)化。)

例(2) According to the passage the problems of college education partly arise from the fact that ——。

A. society can‘t provide enough jobs for properly trained college graduates

B. high school graduates do not fit the pattern of college education?

C. too many students have to earn their own living

D. college administrators encourage students to drop out

(分析:答案項(xiàng)C中有have to, 語氣太絕對(duì)化,故被排除。而A項(xiàng)中can‘t 的語氣則不十分絕對(duì)化,故為答案。)

(三)選項(xiàng)中照抄原文的一般不是答案項(xiàng),而同義替換的一般是選項(xiàng)。

例(1)According to Dr. David, Americans .

A. are ideally vigorous even under the pressure of life

B. often neglect the unsequences of sleep deficit

C. do not know how to relax themselves properly

D. can get by on 6.5 hours of sleep

(分析:答案項(xiàng)中A、D兩項(xiàng)基本上是原文中句子的原現(xiàn),故被排除。B項(xiàng)中有often 一詞,語氣委婉,不十肯定,故為答案。)

例(2)According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

A. Future man will be made of silicon instead of flesh and blood

B. Someday it will be difficult to tell a computer from a man

C. The reasoning power of computers has already surpassed that of man

D. Future intelligent life may not necessarily be made of organic matter.

(分析:A項(xiàng)句子基本上是原文詞句,C項(xiàng)中有already一詞,語氣太絕對(duì)化,故A、C兩項(xiàng)被排除。剩下B、D兩項(xiàng),而D項(xiàng)中有不十分肯定語氣詞may not,故選D.)

(四)較全面、有針對(duì)性地表達(dá)文章中心思想的,選項(xiàng)一般是答案項(xiàng)。

例(1)which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?

A. Musical uments developed through the years will sooner or later be replaced by computers.

B. Music can‘t be passed on to future generations unless it’s recorded.

C. Folk songs can‘t be spread for unless they are printed on music sheet.

D. the development of music culture is highly dependent on its material aspect.

(分析:根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容可以看出,A、B、C三項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容都只是從某一個(gè)方面闡述了一種觀點(diǎn),而D項(xiàng)句子所表達(dá)的意思就較全面,高度囊括了全篇短文的主旨。)

例(2)The first paragraph is mainly about .

A. the teenagers‘ criticism of their parents

B. misunderstandings between teenagers and their parents

C. the dominance of the parents over their children

D. the teenagers‘ ability to deal with crisis

(分析:短文意思是講年青人有時(shí)批評(píng)、責(zé)備其父母,認(rèn)為父母對(duì)他們間誤解負(fù)大部分責(zé)任是自然的事。而B項(xiàng)意思是年青人和父母間的誤解;C項(xiàng)意思是父母對(duì)他們孩子的統(tǒng)治;D項(xiàng)指年輕人處理危機(jī)的能力。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,可以明確看出,B、C、D三項(xiàng)內(nèi)容都是從三個(gè)方面來論述短文觀點(diǎn)的,而A項(xiàng)則較全面地、有針對(duì)性地表達(dá)了文章的中心意思,故為答案。)

(五)選項(xiàng)中表達(dá)意義較具體的、膚淺的(字面意思)一般不是答案項(xiàng),而概括性的、抽象的、含義深刻的是答案項(xiàng)。

例(1)The population in the 21st century, according to the writer .

A. will be smaller than a few years ago

B. will not be as small as people expect

C. will prove to be a threat to the world

D. will not constitute as serious a problem as expected

(分析:選項(xiàng)A、B中都有small一詞,該詞在文中出現(xiàn)過,因而總覺膚淺,是字面之意。C項(xiàng)明顯與文章不符,而D項(xiàng)表達(dá)的意義比small要深刻得多。)

例(2)From the passage it can be seen that employee ship helps one .

A.to be more successful in his career

B. to solve technical problems

C. to be more specialized in his field

D. to develop his professional skill

(分析:題意是“從文中看出員工素質(zhì)有助于人們 ……。” B項(xiàng)題即“解決技術(shù)問題”;C項(xiàng)意即“深化專業(yè)”;D項(xiàng)“發(fā)展職業(yè)技能”。這三項(xiàng)表達(dá)的意思都比較具體,而A項(xiàng)則概括地有深度,包括了B、C、D三項(xiàng)內(nèi)容。)

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