Java IO中的其他讀寫流

RandomAccessFile
  • 構(gòu)造方法

      //var1 文件路徑,var 文件的讀寫模式 "r"只讀,"w"只寫,"rw"讀寫
      public RandomAccessFile(String var1, String var2) throws FileNotFoundException {
              this(var1 != null?new File(var1):null, var2);
          }
      //傳文件,和模式
      public RandomAccessFile(File var1, String var2) throws FileNotFoundException {
    
          }
    
  • 其他常用方法

      public void close () 關(guān)閉操作
    
      public int read ( byte[] b)將內(nèi)容讀取到一個byte數(shù)組之中
    
      public final byte readByte () 讀取一個字節(jié)
    
      public final int readInt () 從文件中讀取整型數(shù)據(jù)。
    
      public void seek ( long pos)設置讀指針的位置。
    
      public final void writeBytes (String s)將一個字符串寫入到文件之中,按字節(jié)的方式處理。
    
      public final void writeInt ( int v)將一個int型數(shù)據(jù)寫入文件,長度為4位。
    
      public int skipBytes ( int n)指針跳過多少個字節(jié)。
    
RandomAccessFile 讀寫案例
  • 文件路徑

        //文件路徑
          public static final String PATH = "/Volumes/huang/studyfromGitHub/JavaForAndroid/JavaForAndroid/series11/src/main/java/files/testRAF.txt";
    
  •      /**
              *
              */
             private static void testWrite() {
                 RandomAccessFile accessFile = null;
                 try {
                     //讀寫模式創(chuàng)建實例
                     accessFile = new RandomAccessFile(PATH, "rw");
                     //讀取文件長度
                     System.out.println(accessFile.length() + " B");//0B
    
                     //將文件指針移動中間位置
                     accessFile.seek(accessFile.length() / 2);
                     String name = null;
                     int age = 0;// int 的長度為4
                     float money = 1.2f;// float 的長度為4
                     //double長度為8
    
                     name = "name1";// 長度為5de字符串
                     age = 20;
                     money = 23.5f;
                     accessFile.writeBytes(name);
                     //讀取文件長度
                     System.out.println(accessFile.length() + "B");//5B
                     accessFile.writeInt(age);
                     System.out.println(accessFile.length() + "B");//9B
                     accessFile.writeFloat(money);
                     System.out.println(accessFile.length() + "B");//13B
                     System.out.println("================================");
    
                     name = "name2";// 長度為5de字符串
                     age = 21;
                     money = 24.5f;
                     accessFile.writeBytes(name);
                     System.out.println(accessFile.length() + "B");//18B
                     accessFile.writeInt(age);
                     System.out.println(accessFile.length() + "B");//22B
                     accessFile.writeFloat(money);
                     System.out.println(accessFile.length() + "B");//26B
    
                     //accessFile.writeUTF("hello,你好!");
                     //注:從中間寫入的數(shù)據(jù)是覆蓋后面的內(nèi)容,因此在寫數(shù)據(jù)時,盡量追加在內(nèi)容之后
                 } catch (Exception e) {
                     e.printStackTrace();
                 } finally {
                     try {
                         accessFile.close();
                     } catch (IOException e) {
                         e.printStackTrace();
                     }
                 }
             }
    
  •   /**
           * 讀
           */
          private static void testRead() {
              RandomAccessFile accessFile = null;
              //讀寫模式創(chuàng)建實例
              try {
                  accessFile = new RandomAccessFile(PATH, "r");//只讀模式創(chuàng)建實例
                  String name = null;
                  int age = 0;
                  float money = 0.0f;
                  byte[] bytes = new byte[5];
                  //假如要先讀第二個人的信息
                  accessFile.skipBytes(13);//則跳過前13字節(jié)
                  for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
                      bytes[i] = accessFile.readByte();//讀取一個字節(jié)
                  }
                  name = new String(bytes);
                  age = accessFile.readInt();
                  money = accessFile.readFloat();
                  System.out.println("name2:-->" + name + "\t" + age + "\t" + money);
                  //讀第一個
                  accessFile.seek(0);//指針回到0
                  //假如要先讀第二個人的信息
                  for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
                      bytes[i] = accessFile.readByte();//讀取一個字節(jié)
                  }
                  name = new String(bytes);
                  age = accessFile.readInt();
                  money = accessFile.readFloat();
                  System.out.println("name1:-->" + name + "\t" + age + "\t" + money);
              } catch (Exception e) {
                  e.printStackTrace();
              }finally {
                  try {
                      accessFile.close();
                  } catch (IOException e) {
                      e.printStackTrace();
                  }
              }
          }
    
  • 讀的運行結(jié)果


DataOutputStream(數(shù)據(jù)輸出流)、DataInputStream(數(shù)據(jù)輸入流)
DataOutputStream

構(gòu)造方法

     //傳入一個字節(jié)輸出流
     public DataOutputStream(OutputStream var1) {
            super(var1);
        }
用法案例
  • 文件路徑

          public static final String PATH = "/Volumes/huang/studyfromGitHub/JavaForAndroid/JavaForAndroid/series11/src/main/java/files/testOutput.txt";
    
  •       /**
               * DataOutputStream 寫
               */
              private static void write() {
                  DataOutputStream outputStream = null;
                  try {
                      //傳入字節(jié)流實例獲取對象實例
                      outputStream = new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(PATH));
                      //寫入基本數(shù)據(jù)
                      outputStream.writeUTF("你好,Java"); //寫入utf-8編碼字符串
                      outputStream.writeInt(10);
                      outputStream.writeInt(34);
                      outputStream.writeChar('a');
                      outputStream.writeBoolean(true);
                  } catch (Exception e) {
                      e.printStackTrace();
                  }finally {
                      try {
                          outputStream.close();
                      } catch (IOException e) {
                          e.printStackTrace();
                      }
                  }
              }
    
  •   /**
           *
           */
          private static void read() {
              DataInputStream inputStream=null;
              try {
                  inputStream=new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(PATH));
                  //2. 讀取數(shù)據(jù)
                  String txt=inputStream.readUTF();//讀取utf-8編碼的字符串
                  int a=inputStream.readInt();
                  int b=inputStream.readInt();
                  int num=inputStream.readChar();
                  boolean flag=inputStream.readBoolean();
    
                  System.out.println(txt+"\r\n"+a+" "+b+","+num+","+flag);
    
              } catch (Exception e) {
                  e.printStackTrace();
              }finally {
                  //關(guān)閉流
                  try {
                      inputStream.close();
                  } catch (IOException e) {
                      e.printStackTrace();
                  }
              }
          }
    
  • 讀結(jié)果


ByteArrayInputStream、ByteArrayOutputStream很常用的兩個類
ByteArrayInputStream

構(gòu)造方法

//使用一個字節(jié)數(shù)組當中所有的數(shù)據(jù)做為數(shù)據(jù)源
public ByteArrayInputStream(byte[] var1) {
        .....
    }
//從數(shù)組當中的第offset開始,一直取出length個這個字節(jié)做為數(shù)據(jù)源。
public ByteArrayInputStream(byte[] var1, int var2, int var3) {
      ....
    }
ByteArrayOutputStream

構(gòu)造方法

//創(chuàng)建一個32個字節(jié)的緩沖區(qū)
public ByteArrayOutputStream() {
        this(32);
    }
//根據(jù)參數(shù)指定大小創(chuàng)建緩沖區(qū)
public ByteArrayOutputStream(int var1) {
        if(var1 < 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Negative initial size: " + var1);
        } else {
            this.buf = new byte[var1];
        }
    }

這兩個構(gòu)造函數(shù)創(chuàng)建的緩沖區(qū)大小在數(shù)據(jù)過多的時候都會自動增長。

案例運用
/**
 * ByteArrayOutputStream拷貝本文件內(nèi)容
 */
public class Demo9 {
    //源文件路徑
    public static final String sourcePath = "/Volumes/huang/studyfromGitHub/JavaForAndroid/JavaForAndroid/series11/src/main/java/com/example/Demo9.java";

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            //得到字節(jié)流
            FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(sourcePath);

            //將字節(jié)流轉(zhuǎn)成字符流
            InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream);

            //將字節(jié)流包裝成一個緩沖字符流
            BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);

            //創(chuàng)建內(nèi)存流對象--內(nèi)存輸出流
            ByteArrayOutputStream arrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream(inputStream.available());

            //將字節(jié)流轉(zhuǎn)換成字符流
            OutputStreamWriter outputStreamWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(arrayOutputStream);

            //將字符流包裝成緩沖字符流--BufferedWriter
            BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(outputStreamWriter);

            String msg = null;
            while ((msg = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
                bufferedWriter.write(msg);//向內(nèi)存中寫入數(shù)據(jù)
                bufferedWriter.newLine();
                bufferedWriter.flush();//將緩沖區(qū)的數(shù)據(jù)寫入到內(nèi)存流中使用的內(nèi)存區(qū)中
            }
            byte[] bytes = arrayOutputStream.toByteArray();
            System.out.println(new String(bytes));

            //關(guān)閉流
            bufferedReader.close();
            bufferedWriter.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}
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