轉(zhuǎn)自:http://blog.csdn.net/xingxingrainlove/article/details/53257944
今天在運行項目時突然遇到異常報錯：not find -lpod；一開始感覺很莫名其妙，隨后意識到可能是cocoaPods的問題，于是嘗試更新pod install，結(jié)果紅色警告提示：
The `master` repo requires CocoaPods 1.0.0 - (currently using 0.39.0)；所以最終問題是cocoaPods版本太低，需要更新了（我的當(dāng)前版本是0.39.0）。
《自以為是的更新步驟：
1.更新gem
$ sudo gem update
結(jié)果如下：
Updating installed gems
Updating CFPropertyList
Fetching: CFPropertyList-2.3.3.gem (100%)
Successfully installed CFPropertyList-2.3.3
Parsing documentation for CFPropertyList-2.3.3
Installing ri documentation for CFPropertyList-2.3.3
Installing darkfish documentation for CFPropertyList-2.3.3
Parsing documentation for CFPropertyList-2.3.3
Updating activesupport
Fetching: concurrent-ruby-1.0.2.gem (100%)
Successfully installed concurrent-ruby-1.0.2
Fetching: activesupport-5.0.0.1.gem (100%)
ERROR:? Error installing activesupport:
activesupport requires Ruby version >= 2.2.2.//Ruby version的版本較低， 最低需要2.2.2版本
Updating bigdecimal
Fetching: bigdecimal-1.2.7.gem (100%)
Building native extensions.? This could take a while...
Successfully installed bigdecimal-1.2.7
Parsing documentation for bigdecimal-1.2.7
unable to convert "\xCA" from ASCII-8BIT to UTF-8 for /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/extensions/universal-darwin-15/2.0.0/bigdecimal-1.2.7/bigdecimal.bundle, skipping
unable to convert "\xCA" from ASCII-8BIT to UTF-8 for bigdecimal.bundle, skipping
unable to convert "\xCA" from ASCII-8BIT to UTF-8 for bigdecimal.o, skipping
Installing ri documentation for bigdecimal-1.2.7
Installing darkfish documentation for bigdecimal-1.2.7
Parsing documentation for bigdecimal-1.2.7
unable to convert "\xCA" from ASCII-8BIT to UTF-8 for /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/extensions/universal-darwin-15/2.0.0/bigdecimal-1.2.7/bigdecimal.bundle, skipping
unable to convert "\xCA" from ASCII-8BIT to UTF-8 for bigdecimal.bundle, skipping
unable to convert "\xCA" from ASCII-8BIT to UTF-8 for bigdecimal.o, skipping
Updating claide
Fetching: claide-1.0.1.gem (100%)
Successfully installed claide-1.0.1
Installing darkfish documentation for CFPropertyList-2.3.3
Parsing documentation for CFPropertyList-2.3.3
Updating activesupport
Fetching: concurrent-ruby-1.0.2.gem (100%)
Successfully installed concurrent-ruby-1.0.2
Fetching: activesupport-5.0.0.1.gem (100%)
ERROR:? Error installing activesupport:
activesupport requires Ruby version >= 2.2.2.//Ruby version的版本較低， 最低需要2.2.2版本
Updating bigdecimal
Fetching: bigdecimal-1.2.7.gem (100%)
Building native extensions.? This could take a while...
Successfully installed bigdecimal-1.2.7
Parsing documentation for bigdecimal-1.2.7
unable to convert "\xCA" from ASCII-8BIT to UTF-8 for /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/extensions/universal-darwin-15/2.0.0/bigdecimal-1.2.7/bigdecimal.bundle, skipping
unable to convert "\xCA" from ASCII-8BIT to UTF-8 for bigdecimal.bundle, skipping
unable to convert "\xCA" from ASCII-8BIT to UTF-8 for bigdecimal.o, skipping
Installing ri documentation for bigdecimal-1.2.7
Installing darkfish documentation for bigdecimal-1.2.7
Parsing documentation for bigdecimal-1.2.7
unable to convert "\xCA" from ASCII-8BIT to UTF-8 for /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/extensions/universal-darwin-15/2.0.0/bigdecimal-1.2.7/bigdecimal.bundle, skipping
unable to convert "\xCA" from ASCII-8BIT to UTF-8 for bigdecimal.bundle, skipping
unable to convert "\xCA" from ASCII-8BIT to UTF-8 for bigdecimal.o, skipping
Updating claide
Fetching: claide-1.0.1.gem (100%)
……………...
ERROR:? While executing gem ... (Errno::EPERM)
Operation not permitted - /usr/bin/xcodeproj//意思是gem更新失敗了，出現(xiàn)了錯誤，究其原因就是Ruby version的版本較低導(dǎo)致。
注：這種情況是不正常的，說明更新失敗，其它可以忽略：失敗原因就在畫線的兩行ERROR里面。
2.我自動忽略了以上報錯繼續(xù)進行下面的操作：
gem sources -l
sudo gem install cocoapods
很顯然注定是要失敗的，一直報錯：
ERROR:? While executing gem ... (Errno::EPERM)
Operation not permitted - /usr/bin/xcodeproj
最后一步pod setup
繼續(xù)報錯：[!] The `master` repo requires CocoaPods 1.0.0 -? (currently using 0.39.0)
所以什么用也沒有！！！！！
《正確的解決步驟
從網(wǎng)上搜索解決方案，經(jīng)過實踐總結(jié)正確的步驟。（幫助文章鏈接：http://blog.csdn.net/yangyangzhang1990/article/details/52252146）
很明顯從上面的問題中找到了最根本的原因是Ruby的版本較低。
第一步：首先檢測各種版本是否合格：
rvm-v ?:ram相當(dāng)于一個ruby倉庫，管理ruby不同版本。（我的當(dāng)前版本是1.26.11，可以，當(dāng)然最好更新到1.27.0）
如果低于1.26.11需要安裝一下：source ~/.rvm/scripts/rvm
安裝成功提示是：rvm 1.27.0 (latest) by Wayne E. Seguin <wayneeseguin@gmail.com>, Michal Papis <mpapis@gmail.com> [https://rvm.io/]
版本為：1.27.0
第二步：將Ruby的版本升級到2.2.2，（建議不要安裝 最新版的 2.3.0）
rvm install ruby 2.2.2
安裝成功提示是：ruby 2.2.2p95 (2015-04-13 revision 50295) [x86_64-darwin14]
我的提示是：Warning, new version of rvm available '1.27.0', you are using older version '1.26.11'.j警告版本低于最新版，暫時不影響。
ruby -v:看一下當(dāng)前版本
安裝成功提示是：ruby 2.2.2p95 (2015-04-13 revision 50295) [x86_64-darwin15]
如果還沒有安裝成功，提示你 home－brew 沒有安裝，那你需要安裝home－brew
第三步：安裝home-brew
/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSLhttps://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"
詳細(xì)安裝 步驟 可查看博客地址：http://blog.csdn.net/yangyangzhang1990/article/details/51578565
第四步：安裝cocoaPods
安裝home－brew 成功后，執(zhí)行? brew install ruby 2.2.2?? 。
首先? ruby －v??? 查看你的ruby 版本
接著? rvm －v???? 查看你的rvm? 版本
接著gem－v查看你的gem版本
接著? brew －v?? 查看你的brew 版本
gem source－l查看你的鏡像源。這里推薦使用 騰訊云 鏡像。
gem sources --remove老得鏡像源地址
gem sources -a新的鏡像源地址
gem sources -l查看當(dāng)前最新的鏡像源地址
具體操作提示：
czhdeiMac:kuihuajingyingwang czh$gem sources -l
*** CURRENT SOURCES ***
czhdeiMac:kuihuajingyingwang czh$gem sources --removehttps://ruby.taobao.org
https://ruby.taobao.orgremoved from sources
czhdeiMac:kuihuajingyingwang czh$gem sources -ahttp://gems.ruby-china.org/
http://gems.ruby-china.org/added to sources
czhdeiMac:kuihuajingyingwang czh$sudo gem? install -n /usr/local/bin?cocoa pods ? ? //這個地方不能用之前舊的更新方法：sudo gem install cocoapods
Password:
Fetching: i18n-0.7.0.gem (100%)
Successfully installed i18n-0.7.0
如果這樣執(zhí)行 pod install的時候還出現(xiàn)
The dependency ``isnotusedinany concrete target
The dependency `AFNetworking`isnotusedinany concrete target
官網(wǎng)是這樣給推薦的：
在創(chuàng)建Podfile的時候，用這種格式使用，
platform:ios,'8.0'
#use_frameworks!個別需要用到它，比如reactiveCocoa
target?'MyApp' do
pod'AFNetworking','~> 2.6'
pod'ORStackView','~> 3.0'
pod'SwiftyJSON','~> 2.3'
end
里面的MyApp記得替換為自己攻城里面的target。這樣就基本OK了，執(zhí)行pod install / pod update 就都可以了。（use_frameworks! 這個是個別需要的，這里修改一下，可以把我上面的代碼中的這一行【刪除】）
Successfully installed claide-1.0.1
[!] Pods written in Swift can only be integrated as frameworks; add `use_frameworks!` to your Podfile
正確的寫法Swift：
platform :ios, ‘8.0’
target ‘TestObjectTwo’do
pod ‘Alamofire’, ‘~>4.0’
pod ‘SnapKit’, ‘~>3.0.2’
use_frameworks!
end
在安裝CocoaPods出現(xiàn)了以下問題:
ERROR: SSL verification error at depth 1: unable to get local issuer certificate (20)
ERROR: You must add /C=IL/O=StartCom Ltd./OU=Secure Digital Certificate Signing/CN=StartCom Certification Authority to your local trusted store
ERROR: SSL verification error at depth 2: self signed certificate in certificate chain (19)
ERROR: Root certificate is not trusted (/C=US/O=GeoTrust Inc./CN=GeoTrust Global CA)
出現(xiàn)這個問題的原因主要是Ruby環(huán)境需要2.2版本以上，所以要更新Ruby環(huán)境。
更新Ruby環(huán)境
0.首先要安裝 Homebrew 終端輸入這條命令即可 /usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"
1.安裝rvm $ curl -L get.rvm.io | bash -s stable
2.裝載rvm $ source ~/.rvm/scripts/rvm
3.安裝2.3.0版本ruby $ rvm install 2.3.0
4.將2.3.0設(shè)為默認(rèn) $ rvm use 2.3.0 --default
