2、python爬蟲——爬蟲豆瓣電影

本篇內容需要大家對scrapy框架有了解,并完成了入門學習才能繼續使用。

創建項目

scrape startproject tutorial

定義Item如下:

import scrapy

class TutorialItem(scrapy.Item):

# define the fields for your item here like:

# name = scrapy.Field()

title = scrapy.Field()

movieInfo = scrapy.Field()

star = scrapy.Field()

quote = scrapy.Field()

制作爬蟲(Spider)

代碼內容如下:

import scrapy

class Douban(scrapy.Spider):

name = "douban"

start_urls = ['http://movie.douban.com/top250']

def parse(self,response):

print response.body

運行一下看看

scrapy crawl douban

INFO: Closing spider (finished)表明爬蟲已經成功運行并且自行關閉了。

創建主函數

創建文件main.py文件,內容如下:

from scrapy import cmdline

cmdline.execute("scrapy crawl douban".split())

DEBUG1:HTTP status code is not handled or not allowed

DEBUG: Ignoring response <403 http://movie.douban.com/top250>: HTTP status code is not handled or not allowed

Answer:被屏蔽了,在settings.py里加上USER_AGENT:

USER_AGENT = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_8_3) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.54 Safari/536.5'

取數據

OK,獲取網頁后,接下去就是取數據了。

導入包:

import scrapy

from tutorial.items import TutorialItem

from scrapy.selector import Selector

from scrapy.http import Request

class Douban(scrapy.Spider):

name = "douban250"

start_urls = ['http://movie.douban.com/top250']

url = 'http://movie.douban.com/top250'

def parse(self,response):

item = TutorialItem()

selector = Selector(response)

#print selector

Movies = selector.xpath('//div[@class="info"]')

#print Movies

for eachMoive in Movies:

title = eachMoive.xpath('div[@class="hd"]/a/span/text()').extract()

fullTitle = ''

for each in title:

fullTitle += each

movieInfo = eachMoive.xpath('div[@class="bd"]/p/text()').extract()

star = eachMoive.xpath('div[@class="bd"]/div[@class="star"]/span[@class="rating_num"]/text()').extract()[0]

quote = eachMoive.xpath('div[@class="bd"]/p[@class="quote"]/span/text()').extract()

if quote:

quote = quote[0]

else:

quote = ''

#print fullTitle

#print movieInfo

#print star

#print quote

item['title'] = fullTitle

item['movieInfo'] = ';'.join(movieInfo)

item['star'] = star

item['quote'] = quote

yield item

nextLink = selector.xpath('//span[@class="next"]/link/@href').extract()

if nextLink:

nextLink = nextLink[0]

print nextLink

yield Request(self.url + nextLink, callback=self.parse)

存儲數據一

-o 后面是導出文件名,-t 后面是導出類型。

scrapy crawl douban -o items.csv -t csv

然后用numbers程序打開即可看到250個電影排序了。

存儲數據二

可以直接在settings.py文件中設置輸出的位置和文件類型,如下:

FEED_URI = u'file:///E:/douban/douban.csv'

FEED_FORMAT = 'CSV'

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