一、涉及命令及知識分析
1.1解題思想探討
拿到一個題，或者接手一項任務(wù)，我們首先應(yīng)該怎么做？
PMP學(xué)習(xí)舉例，辦公室政治-方法很多，我們應(yīng)該選擇最優(yōu)的方法
針對這個題，我想我們中間大部分應(yīng)該都已經(jīng)會了，而且我也在群里分享過我的思路。
1.2與創(chuàng)建用戶相關(guān)的命令
要創(chuàng)建用戶肯定離不開useradd命令，然后使用password命令設(shè)置密碼，既然是批量創(chuàng)建肯定是非交互式執(zhí)行，所以到這里我們應(yīng)該想到使用—stdin參數(shù)。他們的常用格式一般如下：
useradd name
echo password |passwd –stdin name
我們可以通過分號將兩條命令放在同一行同時執(zhí)行，這樣就可以一次性創(chuàng)建用戶并為用戶設(shè)置密碼，當(dāng)然有同學(xué)會問如果想要把密碼記下來怎么辦，其實(shí)也很簡單，我們可以同時把pass字符串輸出到一個文件，具體格式如下：
useradd name;echo password|passwd –stdin name;echopassword>>/tmp/passwd.txt
1.3批量執(zhí)行相關(guān)思考
在linux里，我覺得要批量做一件事，主要有兩個方向可以去思考，第一大家最容易想到的就是使用循環(huán)，第二就是在在命令里有兩個可以批量創(chuàng)建和執(zhí)行的命令一個seq、一個是｛｝，seq是用來生成數(shù)字序列，｛｝即可以是數(shù)字序列，也可是字符序列，這樣我們就可以利用這兩個命令通過命令行拼接字符串的方式來實(shí)現(xiàn)，說到拼接字符串這里我們應(yīng)該想到sed的后向引用，為什么要這樣說呢。因為前面我們要通過seq或者{}生成和用戶相關(guān)的序列，在后面想要使用前面字符串的內(nèi)容最好的解決辦法就是sed的后向引用。
1.4隨機(jī)數(shù)和隨機(jī)字符串
1、利用date命令生成隨機(jī)數(shù)
[root@cmsweixin7151]# date +%s
1460971472//按秒生成
[root@cmsweixin7151]# date +%N
221539698//按納秒生成，相當(dāng)億分之秒
[root@cmsweixin7151]# date +%s%N
1460971515409433433//兩者的結(jié)合
[root@cms weixin7151]#
2、通過系統(tǒng)變量（$RANDOM）獲取隨機(jī)數(shù)
[root@cmsweixin7151]# echo $RANDOM
8044
[root@cmsweixin7151]# echo $RANDOM
28351
[root@cmsweixin7151]# echo $RANDOM
20563
[root@cmsweixin7151]# echo $RANDOM
350
[root@cmsweixin7151]# echo $RANDOM
19317
[root@cmsweixin7151]# echo $RANDOM
6178
[root@cmsweixin7151]# echo $RANDOM
843
[root@cmsweixin7151]#
通過上面的我們可以看到最大的數(shù)字只有五位數(shù)，可能大家會想到要是我想生成8位的數(shù)怎么辦呢？其實(shí)想一下就OK了。因為每一次生成的數(shù)字都不相同，那我們在這個基本上每一個數(shù)字給他加上10000000，那么就得到了一個隨機(jī)的8位數(shù)了。
[root@cmsweixin7151]# echo $(($RANDOM+10000000))
10007221
[root@cmsweixin7151]#
3、通過md5sum命令生成隨機(jī)字符串
md5sum在linux的最常用法就是使用他對一個文件生成一個字符串，如果對這個文件進(jìn)行了修改，再次使用md5sum對文件生成一個字符串，這個時候比較兩個字符來認(rèn)識是否對此文件進(jìn)行過修改。在這里我們可以對上面生成的字符串使用md5sum進(jìn)行加密，然后生成一個字符串，由于上面的每一個數(shù)字是隨機(jī)的，所以生成的字符串也是隨機(jī)的。
[root@cmsweixin7151]# echo $(($RANDOM+10000000))|md5sum
7e8008ad11125bdca42b13624de19b99-
[root@cmsweixin7151]# echo $(($RANDOM+10000000))|md5sum
9e62014fd9eebdfe284758009e4e5087-
[root@cmsweixin7151]#
最后我們可以通過cut命令截取我們想要的字符串。
二、批量創(chuàng)建用戶實(shí)踐
2.1命令行拼接方式
批量生成十個用戶，那我們就要在命令執(zhí)行十次，所以我們就要生成十行命令，然后交給bash解釋器執(zhí)行。
[root@oldboy~]# echo stu{01..10}
stu01stu02 stu03 stu04 stu05 stu06 stu07 stu08 stu09 stu10
[root@oldboy~]# echo stu{01..10}|tr " " "\n"
stu01
stu02
stu03
stu04
stu05
stu06
stu07
stu08
stu09
stu10
[root@oldboy~]# echo stu{01..10}|xargs -n 1
stu01
stu02
stu03
stu04
stu05
stu06
stu07
stu08
stu09
stu10
[root@oldboy ~]#//接下來我們使用sed命令進(jìn)行拼接。
[root@oldboy~]# echo stu{01..10}|xargs -n 1|sed -r 's#(.*)#\1#g'
stu01
stu02
stu03
stu04
stu05
stu06
stu07
stu08
stu09
stu10
[root@oldboy~]# echo stu{01..10}|xargs -n 1|sed -r 's#(.*)#useradd \1;#g'
useraddstu01;
useraddstu02;
useraddstu03;
useraddstu04;
useraddstu05;
useraddstu06;
useraddstu07;
useraddstu08;
useraddstu09;
useraddstu10;
這個時候我們?nèi)绻麑⑵唇拥慕Y(jié)果交給bash處理，結(jié)果就是創(chuàng)建了10個用戶
[root@oldboy~]# echo stu{01..10}|xargs -n 1|sed -r 's#(.*)#useradd \1;#g'|bash
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
我們先刪除剛才批量創(chuàng)建的用戶，還是使用上面批量創(chuàng)建的方式。
[root@oldboy~]# echo stu{01..10}|xargs -n 1|sed -r 's#(.*)#userdel -r \1#g'|bash
userdel:/var/spool/mail/stu01 not owned by stu01, not removing
userdel:/home/stu01 not owned by stu01, not removing
userdel:/var/spool/mail/stu02 not owned by stu02, not removing
userdel:/home/stu02 not owned by stu02, not removing
userdel:/var/spool/mail/stu03 not owned by stu03, not removing
userdel:/home/stu03 not owned by stu03, not removing
userdel:/var/spool/mail/stu04 not owned by stu04, not removing
userdel:/home/stu04 not owned by stu04, not removing
userdel:/var/spool/mail/stu05 not owned by stu05, not removing
userdel:/home/stu05 not owned by stu05, not removing
userdel:/var/spool/mail/stu06 not owned by stu06, not removing
userdel:/home/stu06 not owned by stu06, not removing
userdel:/var/spool/mail/stu07 not owned by stu07, not removing
userdel:/home/stu07 not owned by stu07, not removing
userdel:/var/spool/mail/stu08 not owned by stu08, not removing
userdel:/home/stu08 not owned by stu08, not removing
userdel:/var/spool/mail/stu09 not owned by stu09, not removing
userdel:/home/stu09 not owned by stu09, not removing
userdel:/var/spool/mail/stu10 not owned by stu10, not removing
userdel:/home/stu10 not owned by stu10, not removing
接下我們繼續(xù)拼接命令，在創(chuàng)建用戶的同時給用戶設(shè)備隨機(jī)密碼
[root@oldboy~]# echo stu{01..10}|xargs -n 1|sed -r 's#(.*)#useradd \1;echo $RANDOM|passwd\1 --stdin;#g'
useraddstu01;echo $RANDOM|passwd stu01 --stdin;
useraddstu02;echo $RANDOM|passwd stu02 --stdin;
useraddstu03;echo $RANDOM|passwd stu03 --stdin;
useraddstu04;echo $RANDOM|passwd stu04 --stdin;
useraddstu05;echo $RANDOM|passwd stu05 --stdin;
useraddstu06;echo $RANDOM|passwd stu06 --stdin;
useraddstu07;echo $RANDOM|passwd stu07 --stdin;
useraddstu08;echo $RANDOM|passwd stu08 --stdin;
useraddstu09;echo $RANDOM|passwd stu09 --stdin;
useraddstu10;echo $RANDOM|passwd stu10 --stdin;
將上面拼接好的字符串交給bash處理
[root@oldboy~]# echo stu{01..10}|xargs -n 1|sed -r 's#(.*)#useradd \1;echo $RANDOM|passwd\1 --stdin;#g'|bash
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
Changingpassword for user stu01.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
Changingpassword for user stu02.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
Changingpassword for user stu03.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
Changingpassword for user stu04.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
Changingpassword for user stu05.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
Changingpassword for user stu06.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
Changingpassword for user stu07.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
Changingpassword for user stu08.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
Changingpassword for user stu09.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
Changingpassword for user stu10.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
刪除上面創(chuàng)建的用戶
[root@oldboy~]# echo stu{01..10}|xargs -n 1|sed -r 's#(.*)#userdel \1#g'|bash
按上面的方法我們很快就會發(fā)現(xiàn)一個問題，我們創(chuàng)建的是隨機(jī)密碼，這樣創(chuàng)建后連我們自己也不知道是什么密碼了，所以我們要想辦法把密碼保存起來，那大家想一想我們有什么辦法呢，我最初的想法是：
[root@oldboy~]# echo stu{01..10}|xargs -n 1|sed -r 's#(.*)#useradd \1;echo $RANDOM|passwd\1 --stdin; echo –e “\1\t $RANDOM”>>passwd.txt #g'|bash
大家想一下，這樣可以嗎？答案是否定的，因為后面保存的密碼已經(jīng)不是第一次生成的密碼了，對吧。所以這時候我們需要使用一種方法提前生成密碼并保存起來，然后在后面設(shè)置密碼和保存密碼的時候使用。
[root@oldboy~]# echo stu{01..10}|xargs -n 1|sed -r 's#(.*)#useradd \1;pass=$RANDOM;echo$pass|passwd \1 --stdin;echo-e"\1\t $pass">>pass.txt#g'|bash
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
Changingpassword for user stu01.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
bash:line 1: echo-e: command not found
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
Changingpassword for user stu02.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
bash:line 2: echo-e: command not found
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
Changingpassword for user stu03.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
bash:line 3: echo-e: command not found
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
Changingpassword for user stu04.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
bash:line 4: echo-e: command not found
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
Changingpassword for user stu05.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
bash:line 5: echo-e: command not found
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
Changingpassword for user stu06.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
bash:line 6: echo-e: command not found
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
Changingpassword for user stu07.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
bash:line 7: echo-e: command not found
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
Changingpassword for user stu08.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
bash:line 8: echo-e: command not found
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
Changingpassword for user stu09.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
bash:line 9: echo-e: command not found
useradd:warning: the home directory already exists.
Notcopying any file from skel directory into it.
Creatingmailbox file: File exists
Changingpassword for user stu10.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
bash:line 10: echo-e: command not found
[root@oldboy~]# echo stu{01..10}|xargs -n 1|sed -r 's#(.*)#useradd \1;pass=$RANDOM;echo$pass|passwd \1 --stdin;echo -e"\1\t $pass">>pass.txt#g'|bash
useradd:user 'stu01' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu01.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
useradd:user 'stu02' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu02.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
useradd:user 'stu03' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu03.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
useradd:user 'stu04' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu04.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
useradd:user 'stu05' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu05.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
useradd:user 'stu06' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu06.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
useradd:user 'stu07' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu07.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
useradd:user 'stu08' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu08.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
useradd:user 'stu09' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu09.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
useradd:user 'stu10' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu10.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@oldboy~]# cat pass.txt
stu0113288
stu0224465
stu0323283
stu044573
stu0523015
stu0620841
stu0731821
stu0816954
stu093134
stu1028543
stu0130245
stu0230810
stu0324734
stu0416440
stu0517767
stu063100
stu076458
stu0815639
stu0914917
stu1011844
[root@oldboy~]#
我們可以上面講過的其他方法替換生成隨機(jī)密碼的方法，也可以根據(jù)需要生成指定位數(shù)的密碼，當(dāng)然我們也可以使用seq生成序列。
2.2shell腳本循環(huán)
使用腳本創(chuàng)建用戶，我覺得這個很簡單一個循環(huán)就OK了，說簡單就是把添加用戶、設(shè)置密碼，保存密碼放在一個循環(huán)體里執(zhí)行循環(huán)就OK。我個人認(rèn)為這個要比命令行創(chuàng)建簡單，我們來簡單的演示一下，
[root@oldboy~]# for u in `echo {01..10}`;do useradd stu$u;pass=$RANDOM;echo $pass|passwdstu$u --stdin;echo -e "stu$u\t$pass";done
useradd:user 'stu01' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu01.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
stu0129682
useradd:user 'stu02' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu02.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
stu0211439
useradd:user 'stu03' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu03.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
stu0317076
useradd:user 'stu04' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu04.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
stu0423187
useradd:user 'stu05' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu05.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
stu05427
useradd:user 'stu06' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu06.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
stu069757
useradd:user 'stu07' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu07.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
stu0716146
useradd:user 'stu08' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu08.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
stu0822999
useradd:user 'stu09' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu09.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
stu0913010
useradd:user 'stu10' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu10.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
stu103806
當(dāng)然你可以將生成的用戶名和密碼保存到一個文件里
[root@oldboy~]# for u in `echo {01..10}`;do useradd stu$u;pass=$RANDOM;echo $pass|passwdstu$u --stdin;echo -e "stu$u\t$pass">>pass.txt;done
useradd:user 'stu01' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu01.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
useradd:user 'stu02' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu02.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
useradd:user 'stu03' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu03.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
useradd:user 'stu04' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu04.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
useradd:user 'stu05' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu05.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
useradd:user 'stu06' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu06.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
useradd:user 'stu07' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu07.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
useradd:user 'stu08' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu08.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
useradd:user 'stu09' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu09.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
useradd:user 'stu10' already exists
Changingpassword for user stu10.
passwd:all authentication tokens updated successfully.
三、總結(jié)及思考
此題是我們前面所學(xué)命令與知識的一個綜合運(yùn)用，我們回顧一下，主要涉及創(chuàng)建用戶、非交互式設(shè)置密碼、生成序列，管道，sed、date、生成隨機(jī)數(shù)，md5sum、cut、echo –e等很多命令的使用，希望大家可以綜合使用各種方式多試試。
最后我想提出來一個題，大家可以去試一試，就是批量更改文件名，比如我想把/tmp目錄下所有以.txt結(jié)尾的文件改名為以.txt結(jié)尾，要求還是使用命令行拼接的方式處理。我提示一下，我們可以使用find命令查找，然后使用ls –l列表，再通過awk取到文件名，然后使用sed拼接命令，當(dāng)然還很多，這只是我想到的一種。
四、批量改名
4.1使用腳本循環(huán)方式
[root@oldboy oldboy]# cat file.list
stu_10299_1_finished.jpg
stu_10299_2_finished.jpg
stu_10299_3_finished.jpg
stu_10299_4_finished.jpg
stu_10299_5_finished.jpg
[root@oldboyoldboy]# touch `cat file.list`
[root@oldboyoldboy]# ls
file.liststu_10299_2_finished.jpgstu_10299_4_finished.jpg
stu_10299_1_finished.jpgstu_10299_3_finished.jpgstu_10299_5_finished.jpg
[root@oldboyoldboy]# sh rename.sh
[root@oldboyoldboy]# ls
file.listrename.shstu_10299_1.jpgstu_10299_2.jpgstu_10299_3.jpgstu_10299_4.jpgstu_10299_5.jpg
[root@oldboyoldboy]# cat rename.sh
#!/bin/sh
forf in `ls *.jpg`
do
mv $f `echo $f|sed 's#_finished##g'`
done
[root@oldboyoldboy]#
思想是使用命令mv oldnae newname
4.2使用拼接字符串方式
使用awk命令拼接
[root@oldboyoldboy]# touch `cat file.list`
[root@oldboyoldboy]# ls
file.liststu_10299_1_finished.jpgstu_10299_3_finished.jpgstu_10299_5_finished.jpg
rename.shstu_10299_2_finished.jpgstu_10299_4_finished.jpg
[root@oldboyoldboy]# ls|awk -F "_finished" '{print "mv " $0}'
mvfile.list
mvrename.sh
mvstu_10299_1_finished.jpg
mvstu_10299_2_finished.jpg
mvstu_10299_3_finished.jpg
mvstu_10299_4_finished.jpg
mvstu_10299_5_finished.jpg
[root@oldboyoldboy]# ls *.jpg|awk -F "_finished" ' {print "mv " $0}'
mvstu_10299_1_finished.jpg
mvstu_10299_2_finished.jpg
mvstu_10299_3_finished.jpg
mvstu_10299_4_finished.jpg
mvstu_10299_5_finished.jpg
[root@oldboyoldboy]# ls *.jpg|awk -F "_finished" ' {print "mv " $0$1$2}'
mvstu_10299_1_finished.jpgstu_10299_1.jpg
mvstu_10299_2_finished.jpgstu_10299_2.jpg
mvstu_10299_3_finished.jpgstu_10299_3.jpg
mvstu_10299_4_finished.jpgstu_10299_4.jpg
mvstu_10299_5_finished.jpgstu_10299_5.jpg
[root@oldboyoldboy]# ls *.jpg|awk -F "_finished" ' {print "mv " $0" "$1$2}'
mvstu_10299_1_finished.jpg stu_10299_1.jpg
mvstu_10299_2_finished.jpg stu_10299_2.jpg
mvstu_10299_3_finished.jpg stu_10299_3.jpg
mvstu_10299_4_finished.jpg stu_10299_4.jpg
mvstu_10299_5_finished.jpg stu_10299_5.jpg
[root@oldboyoldboy]# ls *.jpg|awk -F "_finished" ' {print "mv " $0" "$1$2}'|bash
[root@oldboyoldboy]# ls
file.listrename.shstu_10299_1.jpgstu_10299_2.jpgstu_10299_3.jpgstu_10299_4.jpgstu_10299_5.jpg
[root@oldboyoldboy]#
使用sed命令
[root@oldboyoldboy]# ls *.jpg
stu_10299_1_finished.jpgstu_10299_3_finished.jpgstu_10299_5_finished.jpg
stu_10299_2_finished.jpgstu_10299_4_finished.jpg
[root@oldboyoldboy]# ls *.jpg|xargs -n1
stu_10299_1_finished.jpg
stu_10299_2_finished.jpg
stu_10299_3_finished.jpg
stu_10299_4_finished.jpg
stu_10299_5_finished.jpg
[root@oldboyoldboy]# ls *.jpg|xargs -n1|sed -r 's#(^.*)_finished(.*)#mv \1\2#g'
mvstu_10299_1.jpg
mvstu_10299_2.jpg
mvstu_10299_3.jpg
mvstu_10299_4.jpg
mvstu_10299_5.jpg
[root@oldboyoldboy]# ls *.jpg|xargs -n1|sed -r 's#(^.*)_finished(.*)#mv & \1\2#g'
mvstu_10299_1_finished.jpg stu_10299_1.jpg
mvstu_10299_2_finished.jpg stu_10299_2.jpg
mvstu_10299_3_finished.jpg stu_10299_3.jpg
mvstu_10299_4_finished.jpg stu_10299_4.jpg
mvstu_10299_5_finished.jpg stu_10299_5.jpg
[root@oldboyoldboy]# ls *.jpg|xargs -n1|sed -r 's#(^.*)_finished(.*)#mv & \1\2#g'|bash
[root@oldboyoldboy]# ls
file.listrename.shstu_10299_1.jpgstu_10299_2.jpgstu_10299_3.jpgstu_10299_4.jpgstu_10299_5.jpg
[root@oldboyoldboy]#
4.3使用rename命令
[root@oldboyoldboy]# ls
file.liststu_10299_1_finished.jpgstu_10299_3_finished.jpgstu_10299_5_finished.jpg
rename.shstu_10299_2_finished.jpgstu_10299_4_finished.jpg
[root@oldboy oldboy]# rename"_finished" "" *.jpg
[root@oldboyoldboy]# ls
file.listrename.shstu_10299_1.jpgstu_10299_2.jpgstu_10299_3.jpgstu_10299_4.jpgstu_10299_5.jpg
[root@oldboyoldboy]#
思想就是專業(yè)的人做專業(yè)的事
