轉自:http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaowenji/articles/1900579.html
源自:http://android.amberfog.com/?p=296
工作原理:
1.ListView 針對List中每個item,要求 adapter “給我一個視圖” (getView)。
2.一個新的視圖被返回并顯示,如果我們有上億個項目要顯示怎么辦?為每個項目創建一個新視圖?NO!這不可能!實際上Android為你緩存了視圖。
Android中有個叫做Recycler的構件,下圖是他的工作原理。
1.如果你有10億個項目(item),其中只有可見的項目存在內存中,其他的在Recycler中。
2.ListView先請求一個type1視圖(getView)然后請求其他可見的項目。convertView在getView中是空(null)的。
3.當item1滾出屏幕,并且一個新的項目從屏幕低端上來時,ListView再請求一個type1視圖。convertView此時不是空值了,它的值是item1。你只需設定新的數據然后返回convertView,不必重新創建一個視圖。
請看下面的示例代碼,這里在getView中使用了System.out進行輸出。
public class MultipleItemsList extends ListActivity {
private MyCustomAdapter mAdapter;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
mAdapter = new MyCustomAdapter();
for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
mAdapter.addItem("item " + i);
}
setListAdapter(mAdapter);
}
private class MyCustomAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
private ArrayList mData = new ArrayList();
private LayoutInflater mInflater;
public MyCustomAdapter() {
mInflater = (LayoutInflater)getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
}
public void addItem(final String item) {
mData.add(item);
notifyDataSetChanged();
}
@Override
public int getCount() {
return mData.size();
}
@Override
public String getItem(int position) {
return mData.get(position);
}
@Override
public long getItemId(int position) {
return position;
}
@Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
System.out.println("getView " + position + " " + convertView);
ViewHolder holder = null;
if (convertView == null) {
convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.item1, null);
holder = new ViewHolder();
holder.textView = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.text);
convertView.setTag(holder);
} else {
holder = (ViewHolder)convertView.getTag();
}
holder.textView.setText(mData.get(position));
return convertView;
}
}
public static class ViewHolder {
public TextView textView;
}
}
執行程序,然后在Logcat中查看日志。
getView 被調用 9 次 ,convertView 對于所有的可見項目是空值(如下)。
02-05 13:47:32.559: INFO/System.out(947): getView 0 null
02-05 13:47:32.570: INFO/System.out(947): getView 1 null
02-05 13:47:32.589: INFO/System.out(947): getView 2 null
02-05 13:47:32.599: INFO/System.out(947): getView 3 null
02-05 13:47:32.619: INFO/System.out(947): getView 4 null
02-05 13:47:32.629: INFO/System.out(947): getView 5 null
02-05 13:47:32.708: INFO/System.out(947): getView 6 null
02-05 13:47:32.719: INFO/System.out(947): getView 7 null
02-05 13:47:32.729: INFO/System.out(947): getView 8 null
convertView仍然是空值,因為recycler中沒有視圖(item1的邊緣仍然可見,在頂端)。
02-05 13:48:25.169: INFO/System.out(947): getView 9 null
再滾動List。
convertView不是空值了!item1離開屏幕到Recycler中去了,然后item11被創建。
02-05 13:48:42.879: INFO/System.out(947): getView 10 android.widget.LinearLayout@437430f8
再滾動:
02-05 14:01:31.069: INFO/System.out(947): getView 11 android.widget.LinearLayout@437447d0
02-05 14:01:31.142: INFO/System.out(947): getView 12 android.widget.LinearLayout@43744ff8
02-05 14:01:31.279: INFO/System.out(947): getView 13 android.widget.LinearLayout@43743fa8
02-05 14:01:31.350: INFO/System.out(947): getView 14 android.widget.LinearLayout@43745820
02-05 14:01:31.429: INFO/System.out(947): getView 15 android.widget.LinearLayout@43746048
02-05 14:01:31.550: INFO/System.out(947): getView 16 android.widget.LinearLayout@43746870
02-05 14:01:31.669: INFO/System.out(947): getView 17 android.widget.LinearLayout@43747098
02-05 14:01:31.839: INFO/System.out(947): getView 18 android.widget.LinearLayout@437478c0
02-05 14:03:30.900: INFO/System.out(947): getView 19 android.widget.LinearLayout@43748df0
02-05 14:03:32.069: INFO/System.out(947): getView 20 android.widget.LinearLayout@437430f8
convertView 如我們所期待的非空了,在item11離開屏幕之后,它的視圖(@437430f8)作為convertView容納item21了 。
不同的項目布局(item layout)
我們再舉一個稍微復雜的例子,在上例的list中加入一些分隔線。你需要做這些:
1.重(@Override)寫 getViewTypeCount() – 返回你有多少個不同的布局
2.重寫 getItemViewType(int) – 由position返回view type id,根據view item的類型,在getView中創建正確的convertView
以下是代碼:
public class MultipleItemsList extends ListActivity {
private MyCustomAdapter mAdapter;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
mAdapter = new MyCustomAdapter();
for (int i = 1; i < 50; i++) {
mAdapter.addItem("item " + i);
if (i % 4 == 0) {
mAdapter.addSeparatorItem("separator " + i);
}
}
setListAdapter(mAdapter);
}
private class MyCustomAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
private static final int TYPE_ITEM = 0;
private static final int TYPE_SEPARATOR = 1;
private static final int TYPE_MAX_COUNT = TYPE_SEPARATOR + 1;
private ArrayList mData = new ArrayList();
private LayoutInflater mInflater;
private TreeSet mSeparatorsSet = new TreeSet();
public MyCustomAdapter() {
mInflater = (LayoutInflater)getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
}
public void addItem(final String item) {
mData.add(item);
notifyDataSetChanged();
}
public void addSeparatorItem(final String item) {
mData.add(item);
// save separator position
mSeparatorsSet.add(mData.size() - 1);
notifyDataSetChanged();
}
@Override
public int getItemViewType(int position) {
return mSeparatorsSet.contains(position) ? TYPE_SEPARATOR : TYPE_ITEM;
}
@Override
public int getViewTypeCount() {
return TYPE_MAX_COUNT;
}
@Override
public int getCount() {
return mData.size();
}
@Override
public String getItem(int position) {
return mData.get(position);
}
@Override
public long getItemId(int position) {
return position;
}
@Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
ViewHolder holder = null;
int type = getItemViewType(position);
System.out.println("getView " + position + " " + convertView + " type = " + type);
if (convertView == null) {
holder = new ViewHolder();
switch (type) {
case TYPE_ITEM:
convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.item1, null);
holder.textView = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.text);
break;
case TYPE_SEPARATOR:
convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.item2, null);
holder.textView = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.textSeparator);
break;
}
convertView.setTag(holder);
} else {
holder = (ViewHolder)convertView.getTag();
}
holder.textView.setText(mData.get(position));
return convertView;
}
}
public static class ViewHolder {
public TextView textView;
}
}
運行程序,你會看到每4個item一個分割線。
看看日志,無異常,所有的convertView都是空的。
02-05 15:19:03.080: INFO/System.out(1035): getView 0 null type = 0
02-05 15:19:03.112: INFO/System.out(1035): getView 1 null type = 0
02-05 15:19:03.130: INFO/System.out(1035): getView 2 null type = 0
02-05 15:19:03.141: INFO/System.out(1035): getView 3 null type = 0
02-05 15:19:03.160: INFO/System.out(1035): getView 4 null type = 1
02-05 15:19:03.170: INFO/System.out(1035): getView 5 null type = 0
02-05 15:19:03.180: INFO/System.out(1035): getView 6 null type = 0
02-05 15:19:03.190: INFO/System.out(1035): getView 7 null type = 0
02-05 15:19:03.210: INFO/System.out(1035): getView 8 null type = 0
02-05 15:19:03.210: INFO/System.out(1035): getView 9 null type = 1
滾動list。
02-05 15:19:54.160: INFO/System.out(1035): getView 10 null type = 0
02-05 15:19:57.440: INFO/System.out(1035): getView 11 android.widget.LinearLayout@43744528 type = 0
02-05 15:20:01.310: INFO/System.out(1035): getView 12 android.widget.LinearLayout@43744eb0 type = 0
02-05 15:20:01.880: INFO/System.out(1035): getView 13 android.widget.LinearLayout@437456d8 type = 0
02-05 15:20:02.869: INFO/System.out(1035): getView 14 null type = 1
02-05 15:20:06.489: INFO/System.out(1035): getView 15 android.widget.LinearLayout@43745f00 type = 0
02-05 15:20:07.749: INFO/System.out(1035): getView 16 android.widget.LinearLayout@43747170 type = 0
02-05 15:20:10.250: INFO/System.out(1035): getView 17 android.widget.LinearLayout@43747998 type = 0
02-05 15:20:11.661: INFO/System.out(1035): getView 18 android.widget.LinearLayout@437481c0 type = 0
02-05 15:20:13.180: INFO/System.out(1035): getView 19 android.widget.LinearLayout@437468a0 type = 1
02-05 15:20:16.900: INFO/System.out(1035): getView 20 android.widget.LinearLayout@437489e8 type = 0
02-05 15:20:25.690: INFO/System.out(1035): getView 21 android.widget.LinearLayout@4374a8d8 type = 0
convertView對于分割線是空的,直到第一個分割線可見,當其離開屏幕,視圖去到Recycler并且convertView開始起作用。