①每段中心句:

A well intentioned parents have unwittingly left their kids defenseless against failure.

好意的父母讓孩子們有防備的防備的反對失敗。

B? ? A psychologist calls children the

overpraised generation.心理學家稱呼孩子們為過獎的一代。

C? Dweck has studying how people handle

failure for 40 years .他研究人們怎樣處理失敗。

D? Talent is genetic.天賦是可以遺傳的。

E? No talent is entirely heaven sent and that effort and learning make everything possible.付出努力和學習使任何事情成為可能。

F? ? Listening for similar remarks from teachers and correct them.聽老師的評論然后改正錯誤。

G? ? Talent isn’t passed down in the genes ；it is passed down in the mind set.天賦不會隨著基因傳遞，而在思想形式上體現。

H? ? ? Instill a passion for learning.在學習上獲得激情。

I? ? ? Reach goals.實現目標。

K? ? ? Encourage children.鼓勵孩子。

L? ? ? Ask yourself learning.要求自己一直學習。

M? ? ? Blame never resolves anything.責備自己不能解決任何事情。

N? ? ? Depressed people tend to believe that is just the way they are.沮喪的人傾向于沮喪就是他們生活的方式。

O? ? The key to getting out of any hole is realizing that you have not just fallen.走出困境的關鍵是意識到自己已經陷入困境。

P? ? Think a new thought or idea.想出一個新的方法。

Q? ? Failure can enhance your brain .失敗可以強化自己的大腦。

R? ? ? A professor have taken a work about isolated two equally sized centers in the brain and discover these areas interact.

專家做了一個實驗，隔離兩個同樣大小的腦子，發現他們能相互作用。

S? ? ? People could learn from their mistakes.人們可以從錯誤中學到很多。

②每段翻譯:

(A)Wellintentioned parents have unwittingly left their kids defenseless against failure. The current generation (born between 1980 and 2001) grew up playing sport where scores and performance were downplayed because everyone is a winner.

善意的父母無意中讓他們的孩子對失敗毫無防備。現在的這一代人(出生于1980年到2001年)在體育運動中長大，分數和成績都被低估了，因為每個人都是贏家。(B)As a result, Stanford University psychologist Carol Dweck, PhD, calls them the “overpraisedgeneration,” Fortunately, onceyou understand the situation, there's some quick corrective action that can be taken. And even if you're well past your child-rearing years, her advice will help you better withstand setbacks

因此，斯坦福大學的心理學家Carol Dweck博士稱他們為“過分贊揚的一代”，幸運的是，一旦你了解了這種情況，這里有一些快速的糾正措施。即使你已經度過了撫養孩子的年齡，她的建議也能幫助你更好地抵御挫折。

(C)Dweck has been studying how people handle failure for 40 years. Her research has led her to identify two distinct mind-sets that dramatically influence how we react to it. Here's how they work.

Dweck40年來一直在研究人們如何處理失敗。她的研究讓她發現了兩種截然不同的思維模式，它們會極大地影響我們對它的反應。這是它們是如何工作的。

(D)A fixed mind-set is grounded in the belief that talent is genetic-you're a born artist, point guard, or number person. The fixed mind-set believes it's quick to blame, withdrew, lie and even avoid future challenge or risk.

一種固定的心態是根植于這樣一種信念:天賦是遺傳的——你是天生的藝術家，控球后衛，或者是數學天才。固定思維認為它很快就會受到責備、收回、撒謊，甚至避免未來的挑戰或風險。

(E)Conversely, a growth mind-set assumes that no talent is entirely heave-sent and that effort and learning make everything possible. Because the ego isn't on the line as much, the growth mind-set sees failure as opportunity rather than affront. When challenge, it's quick to reassess, adjust, and try again. In fact, people enjoy this process. We are all born growth mind-set. (Otherwise, we wouldn't be able to survive in the world.) But parent, coaches, and teacher often push us into fixed mind-set by rewarding certain behavior and misdirecting praise. Dweck 's book, Mindset：The New Psychology of Success, and online instructional program, brainology.us, explain this in depth. But she says there are many little things you can start doing today to guarantee that your kids, grandkids, and even you never get derailed by failure.

相反地，一個增長心態假設沒有天賦是完全的，努力和學習使一切成為可能。因為自我并不在這條線上，增長心態把失敗看成是機會而不是冒犯。當挑戰時，它很快就會重新評估，調整，再試一次。事實上，人們喜歡這個過程。我們都是天生的成長心態。(否則，我們就無法在這個世界上生存下去了。)但是父母、教練和老師經常通過獎勵某些行為和誤導人來把我們推向固定的心態。德維克的著作《心態:新成功心理學》中,和網上教學計劃,brainology。我們，深入地解釋一下。但她說，現在你可以開始做很多事情來保證你的孩子，孫子，甚至你永遠不會因為失敗而脫軌。

F)永遠不要稱贊一個孩子，說“你這么聰明”。或者“你這么快就把它撿起來了。代替。贊揚你的努力或策略，說“那是你采取這種方法的手段”或“我為你的堅持而自豪”。“聽老師的類似的話，糾正他們。”

G)很自然地說，“練習真的會讓你變得更好。””而不是詢問你付出了最大的努力嗎?“解釋德維克。“天賦并不是遺傳下來的;它在思維定勢中被傳承下來.

H)而不是標準的“你今天過得怎么樣?”(反正每個人都害怕)，問“你今天學到了什么?”或者“你犯了什么錯誤，教會了你什么?”用熱情來描述你正在奮斗的東西。“灌輸對學習的熱情。””德維克說。

I)不要只問目標;詢問實現這些目標的計劃。

J)不允許孩子認為自己失敗，愚蠢,笨拙。德維克說，從行為到身份的純粹進步，不要給孩子貼上標簽。不要說這個是藝術家，而這個是電腦怪胎。任何人都可以是任何東西

K)如果你遇到懷疑，請讓孩子思考一下她曾經的能力低下的領域，現在是擅長的領域，或者回想起她看到某個人學習某件事或以一種不可能的方式改進的時候。

L)而不是讓薪水、福利和地位定義工作滿意度，問問你自己，你還在學習。如果答案是肯定的，那么你很幸運地找到了一份工作，鼓勵增長思維定勢把它的挑戰視為機遇，而不是壓力。如果你已經停止了萊明，那就考慮尋找新的增長途徑或者換一份工作。

永遠不要解決任何問題，它只是一種固定的心態，堅持認為你是對的。Dweck說:“我們想要責備的是，婚姻的整個意義都是在情緒低落的時候。”

N)抑郁的人傾向于相信他們就是這樣的。不要把自己看作是一個失敗的產品，而是把自己看作是一個暫時的偏離軌道的工作。Dweck說:“我們認為個性是一種非常穩定的東西，但我們發現，即使是其中的一部分，也可以通過改變思維方式來改變

O)"The key to getting out of any hole is realizing that you haven't just fallen; you've fallen into? something. In fact, if there were such a thing as an opportunity index,it would stand at about 7.5 out of 10 now", says Dweck. Despite the recession, she claims it's a better-than_average time to pursue your dreams.

走出任何一個洞的關鍵是意識到你并沒有跌倒;你了什么東西。事實上，如果有機會指數這樣的東西，那么現在就會有7.5分，”Dweck說。盡管經濟不景氣，但她說追求夢想的時間比平均時間要長。

Not only is there less "noise" in the marketplace because of fewer competitors, but resources are re7atively inexpensive. Plus, if you've recently been downsized, you have time to develop your idea and perhaps even a bit of money to help fund it.

不僅僅是“噪音”在市場上，由于競爭對手較少，但資源的價格低廉。另外，如果你最近被縮減了，你有時間去發展你的想法，甚至還有一點錢來資助它

"Successful entrepreneurs generally ignore the numbers that government puts out on economic growth and unemployment," says Dweck. "I 'm advocating sticking your head in the sand, but what do those numbers really have to do with you Listen to the reports, know the landscape, plug your ears and go on ahead.

“成功的企業家通常會忽視政府對經濟增長和失業率的數據。”德維克說。"我主張把你的頭放在沙子里，但是這些數字真正與你有什么關系呢你聽報告，了解風景，插上你的耳朵然后繼續前進

P) To the brain, a new thought or idea is like a spider. If it is industrious enough, an intricate we'o of knowledge comes out from it. Snapshots of the brain taken during learning actually show firing, €;Towing, and forming new connections. This is fascinating in itself, but what's even more fascinating is that failure can cause this.

對大腦來說，一個新的想法或想法就像一只蜘蛛。如果是勤奮，知識是一個復雜的we'o來自它。在學習過程中所拍攝的大腦快照實際上顯示了射擊、歐元、拖曳和形成新的連接。這本身就很吸引人，但更令人感興趣的是失敗能導致這種情況。是的，失敗可以增強你的大腦。當那些有成長能力的人在一項任務中失敗時，她發現他們在試圖找出他們的錯誤時進入了一個更集中的精神狀態。在隨后的試驗中，它們改進了。實際上，他們已經學會了，他們的大腦已經長大了。然而，那些有固定思維能力的人，永遠不會進入這種專注的學習狀態，而且幾乎沒有進步。

Q) That's right, failure can enhance your brain. When those with growth mind-sets fail at a task, she detects them entering a more focused mental state as they try to figure out their mistakes. And in subsequent trials, they improve. In effect, they've learned, and their brains have " grown". Those with fixed mind-sets, however, never enter this focused state of learning and show little, if any, advancement.

是的，失敗可以增強你的大腦。當那些有成長能力的人在一項任務中失敗時，她發現他們在試圖找出他們的錯誤時進入了一個更集中的精神狀態。在隨后的試驗中，它們改進了。實際上，他們已經學會了，他們的大腦已經長大了。然而，那些有固定思維能力的人，永遠不會進入這種專注的學習狀態，而且幾乎沒有進步。

R) Antoine Bechara, a professor of psychology and neuroscience at the University of Sounthern California, has taken Dweck's work a step further. He recently isolated two equally sized centers in the brain; one that he claims is responsible for the fear of failure and the other for the temptation of success. Jt is between these, he says, that the debate between risk and reward occurs. Not unlike the devil and angel on our shoulders, these areas interact during the decision-making process. Although more research is needed, these centers may turn out to be the physical locations for Dweck's twin mind-sets.

Antoine Bechara，一個在南加利福尼亞大學的心理學和神經科學教授Dweck的工作，采取了一步。他最近在大腦中隔離了兩個同樣大小的中心；一個聲稱他對失敗的恐懼負責，另一個則對成功的誘惑負責。他說，JT在這兩者之間發生了風險與回報之間的爭論。與我們的肩膀上的惡魔和天使不同，這些區域在決策過程中相互影響。雖然需要更多的研究，這些中心可能會讓Dweck的雙胞胎心態的物理位置

S) "We always knew people could learn from their mistakes, but now we're finding out exactly. how and where this happens," explain Bechara. "Basically, it all comes down to survival. In a normally functioning brain, failure is welcomed as an opportunity for learning and strengthening the species. "

“我們一直都知道，人可以從錯誤中學習，但現在我們正在尋找準確。如何以及在何處發生，”Bechara解釋。“基本上，一切都取決于生存。在正常運作的大腦中，失敗被認為是學習和加強物種的機會。”

③單詞:

【intention】

〔單詞〕意圖，意向，目的

〔音標〕英 [?n?ten?n]? 美 [?n?t?n??n]

〔詞性〕n. 意向;意圖，目的;意義，意旨;[醫]愈合

〔英文解釋〕an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

〔中文解釋〕預期的結果，預期或指導你的計劃行動

〔原文例句〕Well-intentioned parents have unwittingly left their kids defenseless against failure.

〔例句〕It is my intention to remain in my position until a successor is elected

〔翻譯〕我的打算是繼續呆在崗位上，直到選出繼任者。

【unwittingly】

〔單詞〕不知不覺地;無意地;

〔音標〕英 [?n?w?t??li]? 美 [??n?w?t??l?]

〔詞性〕adv.不知不覺地;無意地;不知情地;不經意地

〔英文解釋〕without knowledge or intention

〔中文解釋〕沒有意識或者沒有意圖

〔原文例句〕Well-intentioned parents have unwittingly left their kids defenseless against failure.

〔例句〕He had been unwittingly deluded by their mystical nonsense.

〔翻譯〕他不知不覺被他們故弄玄虛的胡說八道給騙了。

【downplay】

〔單詞〕不予重視

〔音標〕英 [?da?n?ple?]? 美 [?da?n?ple]

〔詞性〕vt.不予重視;貶低，輕視;將…輕描淡寫

〔英語解釋〕understate the importance or quality of

。〔中文解釋〕低估重要性或質量

〔原文例句〕performance were downplayed because everyone is a winner

〔例句〕The government is trying to downplay the violence.

〔解釋〕政府試圖對暴力行為低調處理

【corrective】

〔單詞〕矯正的

〔音標〕英 [k??rekt?v]? 美 [k??r?kt?v]

〔詞性〕adj.矯正的;懲治的n.矯正物;改善法;補救藥

〔英語解釋〕a device for treating injury or disease

〔中文解釋〕治療受傷或疾病的裝置

〔原文例句〕there is some quick corrective action that can be taken

〔例句〕Scientific institutions have been reluctant to take corrective action

〔翻譯〕科學機構一直不愿作出更正。

【identify】

〔單詞〕確定認同

〔音標〕英 [a??dent?fa?]? 美 [a??d?nt??fa?]

〔詞性〕vt.確定;識別，認出;使參與;把…看成一樣vi.確定;認同

〔英語解釋〕consider to be equal or the same

〔中文解釋〕考慮相等或相同

〔原文例句〕her research has led her to identify two distinct mind-sets that dramatically influence how we react to it.

〔例句〕There are a number of distinguishing characteristics by which you can identify a Hollywood epic

〔翻譯〕好萊塢的史詩大片有著一些與眾不同的特點。

【dramatically】

〔單詞〕戲劇性的，引人注目的

〔音標〕英 [dr?'m?t?kl?]? 美 [dr??m?t?kl:?]

〔詞性〕adv.戲劇性地，引人注目地

〔英語解釋〕with respect to dramatic value

〔中文解釋〕關于戲劇價值

〔原文例句〕her research has led her to identify two distinct mind-sets that dramatically influence how we react to it.

〔例句〕I cut my purchases dramatically by the simple expedient of destroying my credit cards.

〔翻譯〕通過銷毀信用卡這一簡單的權宜之計，我大幅削減了自己的購物支出。

【affront】

〔單詞〕侮辱

〔音標〕英 [??fr?nt]? 美 [??fr?nt]

〔詞性〕n.（當眾）侮辱，（故意）冒犯vt.冒犯;面對;公開侮辱;<古>相遇

〔英語解釋〕a deliberately offensive act or something producing the effect of deliberate disrespect

〔中文解釋〕故意冒犯的行為或產生故意不尊重的行為的行為

〔原文例句〕the fixed mind-set believes it is entitled to success without much effort and regards failure as personal affront.

〔例句〕It's an affront to human dignity to keep someone alive like this

〔解釋〕如此維持一個人的生命是對人類尊嚴的冒犯

【derail】

〔單詞〕精神錯亂

〔音標〕英 [d??re?l]? 美 [di?rel]

〔詞性〕vt.& vi.出軌vt.使（火車）出軌，使脫軌

〔英語解釋〕run off or leave the rails

〔中文解釋〕跑開或離開鐵軌

〔原文例句〕and even you never get.derailed by failure

〔例句〕The present wave of political killings is the work of people trying to derail peace talks.

〔翻譯〕當前的這一系列政治謀殺乃是那些想阻撓和平談判的人所為。

【skepticism】

〔單詞〕懷疑態度

〔音標〕英 [‘skept?s?z?m]? 美 [?sk?pt??s?z?m]

〔詞性〕n.懷疑態度，懷疑論;多疑癖

〔英語解釋〕doubt about the truth of something

〔中文解釋〕懷疑某事的真實性

〔原文例句〕if you encounter skepticism

〔例句〕It was so novel that he was concerned it might raise skepticism among colleagues and academics.

〔翻譯〕這個項目太新穎了，他擔心這會在同事和學者之間引起懷疑。

【approach】

〔單詞〕接近

〔音標〕英 [??pr??t?]? 美 [??pro?t?]

〔詞性〕vt.& vi.接近，走近，靠近vt.接近;著手處理;使移近;試圖賄賂（或影響，疏通）n.方法;途徑;接近vi.靠近

〔英語解釋〕the act of drawing spatially closer to something

〔中文解釋〕圖紙空間接近某物的行為

〔原文例句〕that was clever of you to take that approach.

〔例句〕The Bank has approached the issue in a practical way

〔翻譯〕銀行已經實際解決了這個問題

status

[原文例句]Instead of letting salary,benefits,and status denfine job satisfaction

[音標] /?stet?s/

[英文解釋] C,Uthe official legal position or condition of a person, group, country etc

[中文解釋]? n.地位；重要身份,社會地位; 職業地位

[例句] People of higher status tend more to use certain drugs.（社會地位較高的人更傾向于使用某些藥物）

avenues

[原文例句] If you’ve stopped learning,then consider looking either for new avenues of growth or for another job.

[音標]? /avenue/

[英文解釋] a line of approach

[中文解釋] n.途徑

[例句] They explored every avenue they could think of .（他們探索他們可以想到的沒一個辦法）

tempted

[原文例句] The next time you’re tempted to blame

[音標]/ ?t?mpt?d/

[英文解釋]? If you say that you are tempted to do something, you mean that you would like to do it.

[中文解釋] adj.被引誘 (而想做) 的

[例句] The new program is designed to tempt young people into studying physics. （這個新計劃是為了吸引年輕人學習物理學）

derailed

[原文例句] Istead of viewing yourself as a failed end product,think of yourself as a temporarily derailed work in progress.

[音標] /derail/

[英文解釋] run off or leave the rails

[中文解釋] adj.出軌的，偏離軌道的

[例句] the train derailed because a cow was standing on the tracks （火車因為一頭牛在軌道上而偏離軌道）

stable

[原文例句]we usually think of personality as something very stable

[音標] / 'ste?b?l /

[原文解釋] steady and not likely to move or change

[中文解釋] adj.穩定的；牢固的；不變的

[例句] A wide base will make the structure much more stable.(寬大的底座會使結構牢固許多)

shifting

[原文例句] but we’re finding that even core parts of it can be changed by shifting mind-sets.

[音標] /shifting/

[英文解釋] changing position or direction

[中文解釋] v.改變

[例句] he drifted into the shifting crowd （他進入了人群）

entrepreneur

[原文例句] successful entrepreneurs generally ignore the number

[音標]? /entrepreneur/

[英文解釋] someone who organizes a business venture and assumes the risk for it

[中文解釋] n.企業家

[例句] These problems severely hinder the energy of entrepreneurs. （這些問題的存在，嚴重制約了企業家積極性的發揮）

enhance

[原文例句] That’s right,failure can enhance your brain.

[音標] /enhance/

[英文解釋] make better or more attractive

[中文解釋] v.提升，提高

[例句] Good lighting will enhance any room.

（良好的照明能給房間增色不少）

subsequent

[原文例句] And in subsequent trials,they improve.

[音標] /subsequent/

[英文解釋] following in time or order subsequent developments

[中文解釋] adj.后來的

[例句]Some error messages will be displayed, but you can ignore them, because we'll correct them in the subsequent steps. (這將顯示一些錯誤消息，但您可以忽略它們，因為我們將在隨后的步驟中更正這些錯誤)

neuroscience

[中文解釋] a professor of psychology and neuroscience

[音標] /neuroscience/

[英文解釋]the scientific study of the nervous system

[中文解釋]n.神經系統科學（指神經病學、 神經化學等）

[例句]They are members of the Institute for Neuroscience and Center for Perceptual Systems.（ 他們是神經系統科學和感知系統中心協會的會員）

④讀后感:

通過閱讀這篇文章，我知道了心態是最重要的。特別是當經歷過失敗之后，心態更加尤為重要。在對孩子方面。無論是在學校，還是在運動上，甚至在晚餐桌上，都應該給予鼓勵。給孩子營造一種良好的心態。而對自己。在工作時更要努力工作。肩負起自己應該盡到的責任與義務。就算心情不好的時候改變心態才會使生活繼續。在落魄的日子中，更要不畏艱難繼續前進。當遇到失敗時。更不要灰心，因為失敗促進大腦成長，并且與成功息息相關。相信失敗是成功之母下一次，一定可以做得更好。 By reading this article, I learned that mindset is the most important thing. Especially when it comes to failure. In terms of children. It should be encouraged, whether in school or in sports, or even on the dinner table. Create a good mindset for your child. And to myself. Work harder at work. Shoulder the responsibility and obligation that should be done. Change your mindset even when you're in a bad mood. In the day of defeat, more should not be afraid to carry on. When you fail. Don't lose heart, because failure promotes the growth of your brain and is closely linked to success. Belief in failure is the mother of success and can do better next time.The above is my reading book.