基于內存映射的設備驅動程序
通過添加內核模塊實現一個基于內存映射的雜項設備驅動程序。
拓展:
該模塊只實現了顯示內存映射區域信息的功能,而且該信息是固定;
拓展部分實現了將當前進程在內存映射后的vma區域的信息顯示出來。
編譯時:
$make
$sudo insmod miscdev_map.ko
$sudo chmod a+rw /dev/mymap
$gcc -o miscdev_maptest miscdev_maptest.c
$./miscdev_maptest
//miscdev_map.c
// 通過內存空間映射,實現設備驅動程序與用戶程序的通信
// 注意: 雜項設備不需要再顯示地使用mknod創建設備節點
//測試使用miscdev_maptest.c程序
#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/ioctl.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/list.h>
#include <linux/pci.h>
#include <linux/gpio.h>
#include <linux/module.h> // for init_module()
#include <linux/proc_fs.h> // for create_proc_read_entry()
#include <linux/seq_file.h> // for sequence files
#include <linux/mm.h> // for 'struct vm_area_struct'
#include <linux/sched.h> // for 'struct task_struct'
#include <linux/mount.h>
#include <linux/dcache.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#define DEVICE_NAME "mymap"
#define DEVICE_INFO "I am the devive mymap, this is my test output"
static unsigned char *buffer;
static int my_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
//return seq_open(file, &my_seq_fops); //沒什么用
return 0;
}
static int my_map(struct file *filp, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
unsigned long start = (unsigned long)vma->vm_start;
unsigned long size = (unsigned long)(vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start);
vma->vm_flags |= VM_IO;
vma->vm_flags |= (VM_DONTEXPAND | VM_DONTDUMP); //VM_RESERVED
//得到物理地址
page = virt_to_phys(buffer);
//將用戶空間的一個vma虛擬內存區映射到以page開始的一段連續物理頁面上
if(remap_pfn_range(vma,start,page>>PAGE_SHIFT,size,PAGE_SHARED))//第三個參數是頁幀號,由物理地址右移PAGE_SHIFT得到
return -1;
//往該內存寫數據
sprintf(buffer, "%s,vm_start=%08lX,vm_end=%08lX,%c%c%c%c", DEVICE_INFO, vma->vm_start, vma->vm_end ,(( vma->vm_flags & VM_READ ) ? 'r' : '-'),(( vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE ) ? 'w' : '-'),(( vma->vm_flags & VM_EXEC ) ? 'x' : '-'),(( vma->vm_flags & VM_SHARED ) ? 's' : 'p'));
return 0;
}
static struct file_operations dev_fops = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.open = my_open,
.mmap = my_map,
};
static struct miscdevice misc = {
.minor = MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR,
.name = DEVICE_NAME,
.fops = &dev_fops,
};
static int __init dev_init(void)
{
int ret;
ret = misc_register(&misc); //注冊混雜設備
buffer = (unsigned char *)kmalloc(PAGE_SIZE,GFP_KERNEL);//內存分配
SetPageReserved(virt_to_page(buffer));//將該段內存設置為保留
return ret;
}
static void __exit dev_exit(void)
{
//注銷設備
misc_deregister(&misc);
//清除保留
ClearPageReserved(virt_to_page(buffer));
//釋放內存
kfree(buffer);
}
module_init(dev_init);
module_exit(dev_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("LKN@SCUT");
/*miscdev_maptest.c
本程序用于測試開發的miscdev_map內核模塊,必須在miscdev_map內核模塊編譯、添加并修改設備權限后運行。。
程序編譯命令: $ gcc -o miscdev_maptest miscdev_maptest.c
*/
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <linux/fb.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#define PAGE_SIZE 4096
int main(int argc , char *argv[])
{
int fd1;
unsigned char *p_map;
//打開設備
fd1 = open("/dev/mymap",O_RDWR);
if(fd1 < 0)
{
printf("open fail\n");
exit(1);
}
//內存映射
p_map = (unsigned char *)mmap(0, PAGE_SIZE, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED,fd1, 0);
if(p_map == MAP_FAILED)
{
printf("mmap fail\n");
goto out;
}
//打印映射后的內存中的內容
printf("%s\n",p_map);
//sleep(7);
out:
munmap(p_map, PAGE_SIZE);
return 0;
}
/*Makefile*/
ifneq ($(KERNELRELEASE),)
obj-m := miscdev_map.o
else
KDIR := /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build
PWD := $(shell pwd)
default:
$(MAKE) -C $(KDIR) SUBDIRS=$(PWD) modules
rm -r -f .tmp_versions *.mod.c .*.cmd *.o *.symvers
endif