經濟學人精讀? The Economist [54]
選自| January 13?2018?| China |板塊
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去年12月，中國政府發布了第一個年度“綠色指數”報告，將31個省級政府按照6個衡量標準排名，包括綠色增長，自然資源利用效率和環境管理。除此之外，報告中還包括了關于居民對他們環境“主觀”滿意程度調查的結果。調查結果顯示，大部分居民的主觀感受與環境質量客觀指數的相關程度是合理的，但是也有一些顯著的異常值。天津市民對他們環境的滿意程度超出了人們的預想，雖然其在客觀指數的排名中墊底。而北京對環境的主觀不滿意程度比政府的客觀指數排名更低，雖然北京今冬的天異常的藍。作者猜測，這也許是因為首都環境的缺點是異常難以用指標衡量的，也許是因為首都居民異常難以滿足。
#以上，個人總結和理解，歡迎批評指正，歡迎留言討論
#有輸出才有進步
The?environment[環境]
Feeling?green[綠色感受]
Gauging?public?opinion?is?hard.?Explaining?it?is?harder[判斷大眾的觀點是困難的。解釋大眾的觀點難上加難]
CHINA’S leaders no longer paysingle-minded[一心一意的]homage[崇敬，敬意]to thecult[崇拜]of GDP[中國領導人對GDP的崇拜不再是一心一意的追崇].?But although their goals have become moreeclectic[博采眾長的], they often pursue them in much the same way: by setting measurable, quantitative targets that are used to rate and motivate provincial officials[但是，盡管他們的目標變得更加博采眾長，他們通常用相同的方式達到目標：通過設立可衡量的量化目標，來為省級政府官員打分，并激勵他們].?
In December the government published its first annual “green index”, ranking all 31 provincial-level governments by sixyardsticks[衡量標準],?including?green growth, the efficient use of natural resources and environmental management[去年12月，政府發布了第一個年度“綠色指數”報告，將31個省級政府按照6個衡量標準排名，包括綠色增長，自然資源利用效率和環境管理].?This “objective” index was accompanied by a survey of residents’ “subjective” satisfaction with their environment, a rare example of officials asking people directly how they feel about the government’s work and publishing the results[伴隨這個“客觀”指數報告的是一份關于居民對他們環境“主觀”滿意程度的調查，這種政府直接詢問大眾對政府工作的感受并發布結果的做法十分少見].?To guard against bias, each region’s survey was carried out bypollsters[民意調查者]from elsewhere, who telephoned a random sample of residents[為了防止偏見，每一個區域的調查是由其他區域民意調查者執行，他們向隨機樣本中的大眾打電話].?
The responses correlated reasonably well with the authorities’ objective index of environmental quality (one of the six components of the overall green index) but there were some notable?outliers(see chart)[回復與官方環境質量客觀指數（整體綠色指數的6個指標之一）的相關程度是合理的，但是也有一些顯著的異常值（見圖表）].?
The residents of Tianjin, a northern municipality close to Beijing, were more satisfied with their environment than one would expect, given that it ranked bottom on the objective index[天津，是臨近北京的一個北方直轄市，其居民對他們環境的滿意程度超出了所有人的預想，考慮到它在客觀指數的排名中墊底].?People in the desert-like provinces of Xinjiang and Ningxia were also surprisingly satisfied[在新疆和寧夏這種類似荒漠省份的居民也同樣出乎意料的滿意].?Beijingers, on the other hand, were far more unhappy even than their city’s unimpressive ranking of 28th on the objective index (and an unusually blue-skied winter) would appear to warrant[另一方面，北京居民的不滿意程度甚至超過了他們在客觀指標上似乎可以保證的排名（以及一個異常藍的冬天），排在不令人滿意的第28位].?Perhaps the capital’s environmental shortcomings are unusually hard to measure[也許，首都環境的缺點是異常難以衡量的].?Or perhaps its citizens are unusually hard to please[或許是首都居民異常難以滿足].
Jan 19 | 266 words
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