一、模板方法模式

• AbstractClass 抽象類。

abstract class AbstractClass
{
//一些抽象行為，放到子類中去實(shí)現(xiàn)
  public abstract void PrimitiveOperation1();
  public abstract void PrimitiveOperation2();

  //模板方法，給出了邏輯的股價(jià)，而邏輯的組成是一些相應(yīng)的抽象操作，它們都推遲到子類中去實(shí)現(xiàn)
  public void TemplateMethod()
{
  PrimitiveOperation1();
  PrimitiveOperation2();
  Console.WriteLine("");
}
}

• ConcreteClass 實(shí)現(xiàn)父類所定義的一個(gè)或多個(gè)抽象方法。每一個(gè) AbstractClass 都可以有多個(gè) ConcreteClass 與之對(duì)應(yīng)，而每一個(gè) ConcreteClass 都可以給出這些抽象方法的不同實(shí)現(xiàn)，從而使得頂級(jí)邏輯的實(shí)現(xiàn)各不相同。

class ConcreteClassA: AbstractClass
{
    public override void PrimitiveOperation1()
    {
        Console.WriteLine("A 方法1實(shí)現(xiàn)");
    }
    public override void PrimitiveOperation2()
    {
        Console.WriteLine("A 方法2實(shí)現(xiàn)");
    }
}
class ConcreteClassB: AbstractClass
{
    public override void PrimitiveOperation1()
    {
        Console.WriteLine("B 方法1實(shí)現(xiàn)");
    }
    public override void PrimitiveOperation2()
    {
        Console.WriteLine("B 方法2實(shí)現(xiàn)");
    }
}

二、模板方法模式的特點(diǎn)

是通過把不變的行為放到抽象類中，取出子類中的重復(fù)代碼來體現(xiàn)它的優(yōu)勢(shì)。

三、舉例

using System;
namespace Factory1
{
    class TestPaper{
        public void TestQuestion1(){
            Console.WriteLine("maybe TestQuestion1 [ ]a.A b.B c.C d.D");
            Console.WriteLine("answer: " + Answer1());

        }
        public void TestQuestion2()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("maybe TestQuestion2 [ ] a.A b.B c.C d.D");
            Console.WriteLine("answer: " + Answer2());

        }
        public void TestQuestion3()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("maybe TestQuestion3 [ ] a.A b.B c.C d.D");
            Console.WriteLine("answer: " + Answer3());
        }
        protected virtual string Answer1()
        {
            return "";
        }
        protected virtual string Answer2()
        {
            return "";
        }
        protected virtual string Answer3()
        {
            return "";
        }
    }
    class TestPaperA: TestPaper{


        protected override string Answer1()
        {
            return "b";
        }
        protected override string Answer2()
        {
            return "c";
        }
        protected override string Answer3()
        {
            return "a";
        }
    }

    class TestPaperB: TestPaper{


        protected override string Answer1()
        {
            return "c";
        }
        protected override string Answer2()
        {
            return "b";
        }
        protected override string Answer3()
        {
            return "a";
        }
    }
  //調(diào)用
    class MainClass
    {
        public static void Main (string[] args)
        {

            Console.WriteLine ("studentA");
            TestPaper studentA = new TestPaperA ();
            studentA.TestQuestion1 ();
            studentA.TestQuestion2 ();
            studentA.TestQuestion3 ();

            TestPaper studentB = new TestPaperB ();
            studentB.TestQuestion1 ();
            studentB.TestQuestion2 ();
            studentB.TestQuestion3 ();

            Console.Read ();
        }
    }
}

+結(jié)果：

studentA
maybe TestQuestion1 [ ]a.A b.B c.C d.D
answer: b
maybe TestQuestion2 [ ] a.A b.B c.C d.D
answer: c
maybe TestQuestion3 [ ] a.A b.B c.C d.D
answer: a
maybe TestQuestion1 [ ]a.A b.B c.C d.D
answer: c
maybe TestQuestion2 [ ] a.A b.B c.C d.D
answer: b
maybe TestQuestion3 [ ] a.A b.B c.C d.D
answer: a