Web與 OC交互總結(jié)
1,原生方法,通過url傳值
web代碼:
<script language="javascript">
function loadURL(url) {
var iFrame;
iFrame = document.createElement("iframe");
iFrame.setAttribute("src", url);
iFrame.setAttribute("style", "display:none;");
iFrame.setAttribute("height", "0px");
iFrame.setAttribute("width", "0px");
iFrame.setAttribute("frameborder", "0");
document.body.appendChild(iFrame);
// 發(fā)起請求后這個iFrame就沒用了，所以把它從dom上移除掉
iFrame.parentNode.removeChild(iFrame);
iFrame = null;
}
function shareClick() {
//web傳參數(shù)給iOS,web參數(shù)傳遞通過Url包裹,
loadURL("haleyAction://shareClick?title=測試分享的標題&content=測試分享的內(nèi)容&url=http://www.baidu.com");
}
</script>
<body>
<input type="button" value="分享" onclick="shareClick()" />
</body>
iOS代碼:
- (BOOL)webView:(UIWebView *)webView shouldStartLoadWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request navigationType:(UIWebViewNavigationType)navigationType{
NSString *requestString = [[request URL] absoluteString];
NSLog(@"攔截請求：%@",requestString);
//requestString
//前端把數(shù)據(jù)放到requestString中，通過;區(qū)分
//有時候根據(jù)需要，對url string進行encode和decode
NSArray *components = [requestString componentsSeparatedByString:@";"];
//web:getperfectclick 這種協(xié)議定義，ios和android統(tǒng)一
if([components count]>1 && ([[components objectAtIndex:0] isEqualToString:@"web:getperfectclick"]))
{
NSString *element = [components objectAtIndex:1];
//element轉(zhuǎn)成字典
NSDictionary *elementsDic = [element JSONValue];
NSLog(@"%@",elementsDic);
//下面根據(jù)字典信息做相應(yīng)動作
//獲取參數(shù)后調(diào)用OC客戶端邏輯
//將OC端獲取數(shù)據(jù)返回給web即手動調(diào)用web代碼,需要web定義方法,iOS調(diào)用
}
return YES;
} - (void)setHtmlData:(NSDictionary *)aDic{
//active.setContentback 這種協(xié)議定義，ios和android統(tǒng)一
NSString *resultInfo = [NSString stringWithFormat: @"active.setContentback('%@')",[aDic JSONRepresentation]];
[_webBrowser stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:resultInfo];
}
優(yōu)缺點解析
1,原理,規(guī)定協(xié)議,即url的url的字符串iOS和andriod統(tǒng)一,傳參數(shù)一樣,
2,目前了解到iOS和andriod實現(xiàn)互調(diào)在web端的代碼不一致
3,web傳參給OC通過url,OC傳參數(shù)web通過調(diào)用web定義方法
4,在一套網(wǎng)頁請求客戶端攜帶參數(shù),并在客戶端獲取數(shù)據(jù)后返回給web端,需要客戶端通過url判斷web端請求類型和請求參數(shù), 并且web端定義方法,客戶端在獲取到數(shù)據(jù)后返回給網(wǎng)頁
2,JavaScriptCore
web代碼:
<script language="javascript">
function shareClick() {
//調(diào)用OC定義的方法
share('測試分享的標題','測試分享的內(nèi)容','url=http://www.baidu.com');
}
//這個位置接收OC傳回的參數(shù)
function shareResult(channel_id,share_channel,share_url) {
var content = channel_id+","+share_channel+","+share_url;
asyncAlert(content);
document.getElementById("returnValue").value = content;
}
</script>
<body>
<h1>這是按鈕調(diào)用</h1>
<input type="button" value="分享" onclick="shareClick()" />
</body>
iOS代碼:
-
(void)webViewDidFinishLoad:(UIWebView *)webView
{
JSContext *context = [self.webView valueForKeyPath:@"documentView.webView.mainFrame.javaScriptContext"];
context[@"share"] = ^() {
NSArray *args = [JSContext currentArguments];
if (args.count < 3) {
return ;
}
NSString *title = [args[0] toString];
NSString *content = [args[1] toString];
NSString *url = [args[2] toString];
// 在這里執(zhí)行分享的操作// 將分享結(jié)果返回給js NSString *jsStr = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"shareResult('%@','%@','%@')",title,content,url];
//這個位置將調(diào)用js方法,需web定義方法,將參數(shù)返回
[[JSContext currentContext] evaluateScript:jsStr];
};
}
優(yōu)缺點解析
1,獲取documentView.webView.mainFrame.javaScriptContext對象,定義OC方法給js調(diào)用, 同時在方法內(nèi)部調(diào)用js定義方法將獲得參數(shù)進行需求處理后獲得數(shù)據(jù)返回
2,在一套網(wǎng)頁請求客戶端攜帶參數(shù),并在客戶端獲取數(shù)據(jù)后返回給web端,需要客戶端定義方法名稱網(wǎng)頁調(diào)用,并處理網(wǎng)頁傳的請求參數(shù), 最后web端定義方法,客戶端在獲取到數(shù)據(jù)后返回給網(wǎng)頁
3,WebViewJavascriptBridge框架
web代碼:
<script language="javascript">
//定義初始化方法,固定代碼
function setupWebViewJavascriptBridge(callback) {
if (window.WebViewJavascriptBridge) { return callback(WebViewJavascriptBridge); }
if (window.WVJBCallbacks) { return window.WVJBCallbacks.push(callback); }
window.WVJBCallbacks = [callback];
var WVJBIframe = document.createElement('iframe');
WVJBIframe.style.display = 'none';
WVJBIframe.src = 'wvjbscheme://BRIDGE_LOADED';
document.documentElement.appendChild(WVJBIframe);
setTimeout(function() { document.documentElement.removeChild(WVJBIframe) }, 0)
}
//執(zhí)行初始化
setupWebViewJavascriptBridge(function(bridge) {
//注冊js方法給客戶端調(diào)用
bridge.registerHandler('testJSFunction', function(data, responseCallback) {
responseCallback('js執(zhí)行過了');
})
})
function shareClick() {
var params = {'title':'測試分享的標題','content':'測試分享的內(nèi)容','url':'http://www.baidu.com'};
//調(diào)用OC方法, params為js參數(shù)傳遞給OC, response 為OC處理后返回的數(shù)據(jù) WebViewJavascriptBridge.callHandler('shareClick',params,function(response) {
alert(response);
document.getElementById("returnValue").value = response;
});
}
<body>
<h1>這是按鈕調(diào)用</h1>
<input id = 'shareBtn' type="button" value="分享" onclick="shareClick()" />
</body>
iOS代碼:
_webViewBridge = [WebViewJavascriptBridge bridgeForWebView:self.webView];
[_webViewBridge setWebViewDelegate:self];
//OC注冊方法給js調(diào)用,data為js傳入數(shù)據(jù)
[_webViewBridge registerHandler:@"shareClick" handler:^(id data, WVJBResponseCallback responseCallback) {
// data 的類型與 JS中傳的參數(shù)有關(guān)
NSDictionary *tempDic = data;
// 在這里執(zhí)行分享的操作
NSString *title = [tempDic objectForKey:@"title"];
NSString *content = [tempDic objectForKey:@"content"];
NSString *url = [tempDic objectForKey:@"url"];
// 將分享的結(jié)果返回到JS中
NSString *result = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"分享成功:%@,%@,%@",title,content,url];
//OC將數(shù)據(jù)返回給網(wǎng)頁端
responseCallback(result);
}];
優(yōu)缺點解析
1, 能實現(xiàn)同時接收網(wǎng)頁端數(shù)據(jù),并做自己的邏輯處理后返回數(shù)據(jù)給網(wǎng)頁端,網(wǎng)頁端拿到數(shù)據(jù)后進行自己的邏輯處理
2,除了固定初始化代碼外,此框架能同時實現(xiàn)雙向傳值,并在接受到數(shù)據(jù)后進行自己的邏輯處理 ,不用web端單獨定義方法給OC調(diào)用來把OC獲取的數(shù)據(jù)傳遞給網(wǎng)頁
4,JavaScriptCore框架iOS封裝后
web代碼:
function test1() {
var params = {"name":"你","val":"真棒!"};
/*
參數(shù)1: 給OC數(shù)據(jù)
參數(shù)2: OC回調(diào)給我們的數(shù)據(jù)
*/
//調(diào)用oc代碼
mytest(params,function(data) {
alert(data["name2"]);
alert(data["val2"]);
});
}
</script>
</head>
<body id="b1">
<div onclick="test1()" id="a1">aaa</div>
</body>
iOS代碼:
(BOOL)webView:(UIWebView *)webView shouldStartLoadWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request navigationType:(UIWebViewNavigationType)navigationType {
return ![self.webView dispatchURL:request.URL];
}-
(NSDictionary *)mytest:(NSDictionary *)params {
NSLog(@"params:%@,%@",params[@"name"],params[@"val"]);
return @{@"name2":@"你",@"val2":@"很棒"};
} (void)webViewDidFinishLoad:(UIWebView *)webView {
// 讓js方法和OC方法進行橋接
[webView registerJSMethod:@"mytest" target:self method:@selector(mytest:)];
}
//框架內(nèi)部實現(xiàn)部分方法
pragma mark - 注冊url進行調(diào)用OC和js -
- (BOOL)dispatchURL:(NSURL *)url {
if([url.scheme isEqualToString:kBridgeScheme]) {
NSString *jsMethod = url.host;
NSDictionary *invokeParams = [url.query params][@"params"];
NSInvocation *invocation = [[self registeredMethods] objectForKey:jsMethod];
[invocation setArgument:&invokeParams atIndex:2];
__autoreleasing NSDictionary *result = nil;
[invocation invoke];
[invocation getReturnValue:&result];
NSData *jsonData = [NSJSONSerialization dataWithJSONObject:result options:NSJSONWritingPrettyPrinted error:nil];
if(jsonData) {
NSString *jsonString = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:jsonData encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSString *js = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"CallbackCaches"%@"",jsMethod,[jsonString stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters:[NSCharacterSet URLQueryAllowedCharacterSet]]];
[self stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:js];
}
[self stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"CallbackMap["%@"]=NULL;",jsMethod]];
return YES;
}
return NO;
}
pragma mark - 注冊方法 -
-
(void)registerJSMethod:(NSString *)jsMethod target:(id)target method:(SEL)method {
//緩存方法
NSMethodSignature *signature = [[target class] instanceMethodSignatureForSelector:method];
NSInvocation *invocation = [NSInvocation invocationWithMethodSignature:signature];invocation.target = target;
invocation.selector = method;NSMutableDictionary *registeredMethods = self.registeredMethods;
[registeredMethods setObject:invocation forKey:jsMethod];//設(shè)置回調(diào)函數(shù)緩存
if(![self isJSVariable:@"CallbackCaches"]) {
[self stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:@"var CallbackCaches = new Object();"];
}//運行時植入js代碼，使js擁有js回調(diào)能力
if(![self isJSFunction:jsMethod]) {
NSString *js = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ = function(params,callback){CallbackCaches["%@"]=callback;window.location.href="%@://%@?params="+encodeURIComponent(JSON.stringify(params));}",jsMethod,jsMethod,kBridgeScheme,jsMethod];
[self stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:js];
}
}
