寫在前面
信息爆炸時(shí)代，知識(shí)趨于免費(fèi)，能力才是無價(jià)的。共讀西學(xué)社群專注訓(xùn)練底層邏輯思維，通過讀英文原著，總結(jié)心法，加上每日外刊推送，訓(xùn)練案例分析能力。由于文章的單向度，這里只展示心法提煉的結(jié)果，不體現(xiàn)推導(dǎo)過程。
今日導(dǎo)讀
若問歷史上最強(qiáng)盛的商業(yè)帝國，大家大概率會(huì)想起谷歌，蘋果公司，而英國東印度公司在當(dāng)時(shí)的權(quán)盛堪稱難出其右。
它不僅壟斷整個(gè)東亞海上貿(mào)易近300年（1600-1874年），還組建自己的軍隊(duì)，發(fā)起戰(zhàn)爭，擁有自己的領(lǐng)土和收稅權(quán)，參與了當(dāng)時(shí)一切活動(dòng)包括對(duì)中國的鴉片貿(mào)易和對(duì)北美的奴隸貿(mào)易。
今天，我們來聊一個(gè)后來者如何借勢(shì)破局的故事吧。
01 心法分享
英國東印度公司開場(chǎng)牌局并不樂觀，但是他通過兩個(gè)創(chuàng)新，牢牢占據(jù)自己的陣地，建立起龐大的商業(yè)帝國。
?【心法】
制度創(chuàng)新 + 借勢(shì)破局
1. 制度創(chuàng)新：成立股份公司，拆解風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，統(tǒng)一資源和目標(biāo)來共同對(duì)抗未來的不確定性。
2. 局外思維，借力打力：面對(duì)未來的高度不確定性和勁敵，轉(zhuǎn)型不必另起爐灶，而是就地取材，統(tǒng)籌資源，節(jié)約人力/物力/成本。
不像葡萄牙/荷蘭/法國等老牌殖民國家，緊盯著香料市場(chǎng)，不遠(yuǎn)千里進(jìn)行亞洲-歐洲貿(mào)易，而是發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)?shù)孛薏迹z綢，茶葉貿(mào)易鏈，開辟波斯灣，中國等新市場(chǎng)。
02 外刊閱讀
How the East India Company became the world's most powerful business?
Think Google or Apple are powerful? Then you've never heard of the East India Company, a profit-making enterprise so mighty, it once ruled nearly all of the Indian subcontinent. Between 1600 and 1874, it built the most powerful corporation the world had ever known, complete with its own army, its own territory, and a near-total hold on trade of a product now seen as quintessentially British: Tea.
At the dawn of the 17th century, the Indian subcontinent was known as the "East Indies," and - as home to spices, fabrics, and luxury goods prized by wealthy Europeans - was seen as a land of seemingly endless potential. Due to their seafaring prowess, Spain and Portugal held a monopoly on trade in the Far East. But Britain wanted in, and when it seized the ships of the defeated Spanish Armada in 1588, it paved the way for the monarchy to become a serious naval power.
In 1600, a group of English businessmen asked Elizabeth I for a royal charter that would let them voyage to the East Indies on behalf of the crown in exchange for a monopoly on trade. The merchants put up nearly 70,000 pounds of their own money to finance the venture, and the East India Company was born.
The corporation relied on a "factory" system, leaving representatives it called "factors" behind to set up trading posts and allowing them to source and negotiate for goods. Thanks to a treaty in 1613 with the Mughal emperor Jahangir, it established its first factory in Surat in what is now western India. Over the years, the company shifted its attention from pepper and other spices to calico and silk fabric and eventually tea, and expanded into the Persian Gulf, China, and elsewhere in Asia.
寫作語料
Enterprise 企業(yè), 組織, （尤指）公司，企業(yè)…
Mighty 強(qiáng)大的, 巨大的, 偉大的…
Subcontinent 次大陸, （常指）南亞次大陸…
Quintessentially 最典型，最本質(zhì)
Seafaring 航海的
Prowess 杰出的才能, 高超的技能
royal charter 皇家許可證
Venture （有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的）企業(yè), 投機(jī)活動(dòng), 商業(yè)冒險(xiǎn)…
Calico （本色的）厚棉布，白布
03 思考一下
舉至少一個(gè)借勢(shì)破局思維的栗子
歡迎在評(píng)論區(qū)交流討論~
04 精彩思想碰撞
“借勢(shì)破局”的打卡回答都非常精彩。這些回答我給滿分，在社群里我們交流的是新知，碰撞的是觀點(diǎn)，學(xué)英語，那是順帶的事，我們是用英語。
杬君語錄：圖?1借的是已經(jīng)培養(yǎng)起來的用戶習(xí)慣，破的是用戶需求升級(jí)的局，圖?2農(nóng)村包圍城市，暴打雙頭蛇。非常精彩。
杬君語錄：實(shí)名表揚(yáng)Leo，昨日的打卡非常有自己的思考和見解。閱讀外刊???提煉心法???結(jié)合自身經(jīng)歷???應(yīng)用心法???發(fā)現(xiàn)了廠家盆滿缽滿收獲“戰(zhàn)爭利益”的秘密（關(guān)鍵是在就地取材，節(jié)約成本的前提下），學(xué)以致用，Leo轉(zhuǎn)化得很精準(zhǔn)。
杬君語錄：中國古代有很多大智慧，培養(yǎng)中西兩套大腦操作系統(tǒng)，正是為了不僅有身處其中的視角，也能有局外人的視角，更客觀，更透徹。
THE END
文稿 | 杬君
文編 | XL
文段 | National Geographic
封面 | 來自網(wǎng)絡(luò)，侵刪
文圖 | 部分來自網(wǎng)絡(luò)，侵刪
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