ROS1

Use melodic as an example.

$ sudo apt update && sudo apt install curl gnupg2 lsb-release
$ sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://packages.ros.org/ros/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc) main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ros-latest.list'
$ sudo apt-key adv --keyserver 'hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80' --recv-key C1CF6E31E6BADE8868B172B4F42ED6FBAB17C654
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install ros-melodic-ros-base

$ sudo apt install python-rosinstall python-rosinstall-generator python-wstool build-essential
$ rosdep init
$ rosdep update

ROS2

Use Dashing as an example

$ sudo locale-gen en_US en_US.UTF-8
$ sudo update-locale LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8 LANG=en_US.UTF-8
$ export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
$ sudo apt update && sudo apt install curl gnupg2 lsb-release
$ curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/ros.asc | sudo apt-key add -
$ sudo sh -c 'echo "deb [arch=amd64,arm64] http://packages.ros.org/ros2/ubuntu `lsb_release -cs` main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ros2-latest.list'
$ apt- update
$ sudo apt install ros-dashing-ros-base

$ sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y \
  build-essential \
  cmake \
  git \
  python3-colcon-common-extensions \
  python3-pip \
  python-rosdep \
  python3-vcstool \
  wget
# install some pip packages needed for testing
$ python3 -m pip install -U \
  argcomplete \
  flake8 \
  flake8-blind-except \
  flake8-builtins \
  flake8-class-newline \
  flake8-comprehensions \
  flake8-deprecated \
  flake8-docstrings \
  flake8-import-order \
  flake8-quotes \
  pytest-repeat \
  pytest-rerunfailures \
  pytest \
  pytest-cov \
  pytest-runner \
  setuptools
# install Fast-RTPS dependencies
$ sudo apt install --no-install-recommends -y \
  libasio-dev \
  libtinyxml2-dev
# install CycloneDDS dependencies
$ sudo apt install --no-install-recommends -y \
  libcunit1-dev