4.4-Query&Filtering實現多字符串多字段查詢

Query Context & Filter Context

image.png
  • ?級搜索的功能:?持多項?本輸?,針對多個字 段進?搜索。

  • 搜索引擎?般也提供基于時間,價格等條件的過濾

  • 在 ElasticSearch 中,有Query 和 Filter 兩種不同 的 Context

  • Query Context:相關性算分

  • Filter Context:不需要算分( Yes or No), 可以利? Cache, 獲得更好的性能

條件組合

  • 假設要搜索?本電影,包含了以下?些條件

    • 評論中包含了 Guitar,?戶打分?于 3 分,同時上映?期要在 1993 與 2000 年之間
  • 這個搜索其實包含了 3 段邏輯,針對不同的字段

    • 評論字段中要包含 Guitar / ?戶評分?于 3 / 上映?期?期需要在給定的范圍
  • 同時包含這三個邏輯,并且有?較好的性能?

    復合查詢: bool Query

bool 查詢

  • ?個 bool 查詢,是?個或者多個查詢?句的組合

  • 總共包括 4 種?句。其中 2 種會影響算分,2 種不影響算分

  • 相關性并不只是全?本檢索的專利。也適?于 yes | no 的?句,匹配的?句越多,相關性評分越?。如果多條查詢?句被合并為?條復合查詢語句 ,?如 bool 查詢,則每個查詢?句計算得出的評分會被合并到總的相關性評分中。

關鍵字 類型
must Query Context
必須匹配。 貢獻算分
should Query Context
選擇性匹配。貢獻算分
must_not Filter Context
查詢字句,必須不能匹配
filter Filter Context
必須匹配,但是不貢獻算分

bool 查詢語法

POST /products/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool" : {
      "must" : {
        "term" : { "price" : "30" }
      },
      "filter": {
        "term" : { "avaliable" : "true" }
      },
      "must_not" : {
        "range" : {
          "price" : { "lte" : 10 }
        }
      },
      "should" : [
        { "term" : { "productID.keyword" : "JODL-X-1937-#pV7" } },
        { "term" : { "productID.keyword" : "XHDK-A-1293-#fJ3" } }
      ],
      "minimum_should_match" :1
    }
  }
}
  • ?查詢可以任意順序出現

  • 可以嵌套多個查詢

  • 如果你的 bool 查詢中,沒有 must 條件, should 中必須?少滿??條查詢

如何解決結構化查詢 – “包含?不是相等”的問題

image.png
image.png
  • 解決?案:增加?個 genre count 字段進 ?計數

增加 count 字段,使? bool 查詢解決

  • 增加 count 字段,使? bool 查詢解決

#改變數據模型,增加字段。解決數組包含而不是精確匹配的問題
POST /newmovies/_bulk
{ "index": { "_id": 1 }}
{ "title" : "Father of the Bridge Part II","year":1995, "genre":"Comedy","genre_count":1 }
{ "index": { "_id": 2 }}
{ "title" : "Dave","year":1993,"genre":["Comedy","Romance"],"genre_count":2 }

#must,有算分
POST /newmovies/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {"term": {"genre.keyword": {"value": "Comedy"}}},
        {"term": {"genre_count": {"value": 1}}}

      ]
    }
  }
}

#Filter。不參與算分,結果的score是0
POST /newmovies/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "filter": [
        {"term": {"genre.keyword": {"value": "Comedy"}}},
        {"term": {"genre_count": {"value": 1}}}
        ]

    }
  }
}

Filter Context – 不影響算分

#Filtering Context
POST _search
{
  "query": {
    "bool" : {

      "filter": {
        "term" : { "avaliable" : "true" }
      },
      "must_not" : {
        "range" : {
          "price" : { "lte" : 10 }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

image.png

Query Context – 影響算分

POST /products/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "should": [
        {
          "term": {
            "productID.keyword": {
              "value": "JODL-X-1937-#pV7"}}
        },
        {"term": {"avaliable": {"value": true}}
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}
image.png

bool 嵌套

#嵌套,實現了 should not 邏輯
POST /products/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": {
        "term": {
          "price": "30"
        }
      },
      "should": [
        {
          "bool": {
            "must_not": {
              "term": {
                "avaliable": "false"
              }
            }
          }
        }
      ],
      "minimum_should_match": 1
    }
  }
}

查詢語句的結構,會對相關度算分產?影響

  • 同?層級下的競爭字段,具有有相同的權重

  • 通過嵌套 bool 查詢,可以改變對算分的影響

POST /animals/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "should": [
        { "term": { "text": "brown" }},
        { "term": { "text": "red" }},
        { "term": { "text": "quick"   }},
        { "term": { "text": "dog"   }}
      ]
    }
  }
}

POST /animals/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "should": [
        { "term": { "text": "quick" }},
        { "term": { "text": "dog"   }},
        {
          "bool":{
            "should":[
               { "term": { "text": "brown" }},
                 { "term": { "text": "brown" }},
            ]
          }

        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

控制字段的 Boosting

POST /blogs/_bulk
{ "index": { "_id": 1 }}
{"title":"Apple iPad", "content":"Apple iPad,Apple iPad" }
{ "index": { "_id": 2 }}
{"title":"Apple iPad,Apple iPad", "content":"Apple iPad" }


POST blogs/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "should": [
        {"match": {
          "title": {
            "query": "apple,ipad",
            "boost": 1.1
          }
        }},

        {"match": {
          "content": {
            "query": "apple,ipad",
            "boost": 1
          }
        }}
      ]
    }
  }
}
  • Boosting 是控制相關度的?種?段

    • 索引,字段 或查詢?條件
  • 參數 boost的含義

    • 當 boost > 1 時,打分的相關度相對性提升

    • 當 0 < boost < 1 時,打分的權重相對性降低

    • 當 boost < 0 時,貢獻負分

Not Quite Not

  • 要求蘋果公司的產品信息優先
POST /news/_bulk
{ "index": { "_id": 1 }}
{ "content":"Apple Mac" }
{ "index": { "_id": 2 }}
{ "content":"Apple iPad" }
{ "index": { "_id": 3 }}
{ "content":"Apple employee like Apple Pie and Apple Juice" }


POST news/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": {
        "match":{"content":"apple"}
      }
    }
  }
}
image.png

Boosting Query

POST news/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": {
        "match":{"content":"apple"}
      },
      "must_not": {
        "match":{"content":"pie"}
      }
    }
  }
}

POST news/_search
{
  "query": {
    "boosting": {
      "positive": {
        "match": {
          "content": "apple"
        }
      },
      "negative": {
        "match": {
          "content": "pie"
        }
      },
      "negative_boost": 0.5
    }
  }
}

本節知識點回顧

  • Query Context vs. Filter Context

  • Bool Query – 更多的條件組合

  • 查詢結構與相關性算分

  • 如何控制查詢的精確度

    • Boosting & Boosting Query

課程demo

POST /products/_bulk
{ "index": { "_id": 1 }}
{ "price" : 10,"avaliable":true,"date":"2018-01-01", "productID" : "XHDK-A-1293-#fJ3" }
{ "index": { "_id": 2 }}
{ "price" : 20,"avaliable":true,"date":"2019-01-01", "productID" : "KDKE-B-9947-#kL5" }
{ "index": { "_id": 3 }}
{ "price" : 30,"avaliable":true, "productID" : "JODL-X-1937-#pV7" }
{ "index": { "_id": 4 }}
{ "price" : 30,"avaliable":false, "productID" : "QQPX-R-3956-#aD8" }



#基本語法
POST /products/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool" : {
      "must" : {
        "term" : { "price" : "30" }
      },
      "filter": {
        "term" : { "avaliable" : "true" }
      },
      "must_not" : {
        "range" : {
          "price" : { "lte" : 10 }
        }
      },
      "should" : [
        { "term" : { "productID.keyword" : "JODL-X-1937-#pV7" } },
        { "term" : { "productID.keyword" : "XHDK-A-1293-#fJ3" } }
      ],
      "minimum_should_match" :1
    }
  }
}

#改變數據模型,增加字段。解決數組包含而不是精確匹配的問題
POST /newmovies/_bulk
{ "index": { "_id": 1 }}
{ "title" : "Father of the Bridge Part II","year":1995, "genre":"Comedy","genre_count":1 }
{ "index": { "_id": 2 }}
{ "title" : "Dave","year":1993,"genre":["Comedy","Romance"],"genre_count":2 }

#must,有算分
POST /newmovies/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {"term": {"genre.keyword": {"value": "Comedy"}}},
        {"term": {"genre_count": {"value": 1}}}

      ]
    }
  }
}

#Filter。不參與算分,結果的score是0
POST /newmovies/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "filter": [
        {"term": {"genre.keyword": {"value": "Comedy"}}},
        {"term": {"genre_count": {"value": 1}}}
        ]

    }
  }
}


#Filtering Context
POST _search
{
  "query": {
    "bool" : {

      "filter": {
        "term" : { "avaliable" : "true" }
      },
      "must_not" : {
        "range" : {
          "price" : { "lte" : 10 }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}


#Query Context
POST /products/_bulk
{ "index": { "_id": 1 }}
{ "price" : 10,"avaliable":true,"date":"2018-01-01", "productID" : "XHDK-A-1293-#fJ3" }
{ "index": { "_id": 2 }}
{ "price" : 20,"avaliable":true,"date":"2019-01-01", "productID" : "KDKE-B-9947-#kL5" }
{ "index": { "_id": 3 }}
{ "price" : 30,"avaliable":true, "productID" : "JODL-X-1937-#pV7" }
{ "index": { "_id": 4 }}
{ "price" : 30,"avaliable":false, "productID" : "QQPX-R-3956-#aD8" }


POST /products/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "should": [
        {
          "term": {
            "productID.keyword": {
              "value": "JODL-X-1937-#pV7"}}
        },
        {"term": {"avaliable": {"value": true}}
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}


#嵌套,實現了 should not 邏輯
POST /products/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": {
        "term": {
          "price": "30"
        }
      },
      "should": [
        {
          "bool": {
            "must_not": {
              "term": {
                "avaliable": "false"
              }
            }
          }
        }
      ],
      "minimum_should_match": 1
    }
  }
}


#Controll the Precision
POST _search
{
  "query": {
    "bool" : {
      "must" : {
        "term" : { "price" : "30" }
      },
      "filter": {
        "term" : { "avaliable" : "true" }
      },
      "must_not" : {
        "range" : {
          "price" : { "lte" : 10 }
        }
      },
      "should" : [
        { "term" : { "productID.keyword" : "JODL-X-1937-#pV7" } },
        { "term" : { "productID.keyword" : "XHDK-A-1293-#fJ3" } }
      ],
      "minimum_should_match" :2
    }
  }
}



POST /animals/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "should": [
        { "term": { "text": "brown" }},
        { "term": { "text": "red" }},
        { "term": { "text": "quick"   }},
        { "term": { "text": "dog"   }}
      ]
    }
  }
}

POST /animals/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "should": [
        { "term": { "text": "quick" }},
        { "term": { "text": "dog"   }},
        {
          "bool":{
            "should":[
               { "term": { "text": "brown" }},
                 { "term": { "text": "brown" }},
            ]
          }

        }
      ]
    }
  }
}


DELETE blogs
POST /blogs/_bulk
{ "index": { "_id": 1 }}
{"title":"Apple iPad", "content":"Apple iPad,Apple iPad" }
{ "index": { "_id": 2 }}
{"title":"Apple iPad,Apple iPad", "content":"Apple iPad" }


POST blogs/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "should": [
        {"match": {
          "title": {
            "query": "apple,ipad",
            "boost": 1.1
          }
        }},

        {"match": {
          "content": {
            "query": "apple,ipad",
            "boost":
          }
        }}
      ]
    }
  }
}

DELETE news
POST /news/_bulk
{ "index": { "_id": 1 }}
{ "content":"Apple Mac" }
{ "index": { "_id": 2 }}
{ "content":"Apple iPad" }
{ "index": { "_id": 3 }}
{ "content":"Apple employee like Apple Pie and Apple Juice" }


POST news/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": {
        "match":{"content":"apple"}
      }
    }
  }
}

POST news/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": {
        "match":{"content":"apple"}
      },
      "must_not": {
        "match":{"content":"pie"}
      }
    }
  }
}

POST news/_search
{
  "query": {
    "boosting": {
      "positive": {
        "match": {
          "content": "apple"
        }
      },
      "negative": {
        "match": {
          "content": "pie"
        }
      },
      "negative_boost": 0.5
    }
  }
}

相關閱讀

最后編輯于
?著作權歸作者所有,轉載或內容合作請聯系作者
平臺聲明:文章內容(如有圖片或視頻亦包括在內)由作者上傳并發布,文章內容僅代表作者本人觀點,簡書系信息發布平臺,僅提供信息存儲服務。

推薦閱讀更多精彩內容