IntelliJ IDEA 是很好的 IDE, 但是免費(fèi)的社區(qū)版不直接支持開發(fā) Web 項目。所以需要自己配置。
網(wǎng)上大多是教程都是用 Maven 和 jetty 來配置。我剛學(xué) JAVA。因此直接從 Gradle 上手配置了。
這里直接用寫一個 Servlet 的 Helloworld,記錄下踩過的坑,讓后來的人少走彎路。
在這之前請自行安裝 Gradle 并使其能全局運(yùn)行。了解基本的 Gradle 的概念。本文默認(rèn)讀者會使用 Gradle。
下載安裝 IntelliJ IDEA Community
https://www.jetbrains.com/idea/
新建項目
1.用 Gradle 新建項目
項目目錄下,命令行運(yùn)行
gradle init --type java-library
2.編輯 build.gradle
這是我的配置
/*
* This build file was auto generated by running the Gradle 'init' task
* by 'Yang' at '16-9-18 下午5:48' with Gradle 3.0
*
* This generated file contains a sample Java project to get you started.
* For more details take a look at the Java Quickstart chapter in the Gradle
* user guide available at https://docs.gradle.org/3.0/userguide/tutorial_java_projects.html
*/
// Tomcat 需要
buildscript {
repositories {
mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
classpath "com.bmuschko:gradle-tomcat-plugin:2.2.3"
}
}
// 要使用的插件,看名字應(yīng)該知道什么作用
// Apply the java plugin to add support for Java
apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'idea'
apply plugin: 'war'
apply plugin: "com.bmuschko.tomcat"
// In this section you declare where to find the dependencies of your project
repositories {
// Use 'jcenter' for resolving your dependencies.
// You can declare any Maven/Ivy/file repository here.
// jcenter()
// maven 的倉庫
mavenCentral()
}
// In this section you declare the dependencies for your production and test code
dependencies {
// The production code uses the SLF4J logging API at compile time
compile 'org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.7.21'
// 依賴 servlet
compile group: 'javax.servlet', name: 'javax.servlet-api', version: '3.0.1'
// Declare the dependency for your favourite test framework you want to use in your tests.
// TestNG is also supported by the Gradle Test task. Just change the
// testCompile dependency to testCompile 'org.testng:testng:6.8.1' and add
// 'test.useTestNG()' to your build script.
testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
// 配置 Tomcat 插件
def tomcatVersion = '8.0.27'
tomcat "org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:${tomcatVersion}",
"org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-logging-juli:${tomcatVersion}",
"org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-jasper:${tomcatVersion}"
}
// Tomcat 配置
// Tomcat 配置tomcatRun.contextPath = 'testa/'
tomcatRunWar.contextPath = 'teats/'
3.運(yùn)行命令
注意第一次使用 gradlew 命令,可能會很慢,但是配置 gradlew 仍然有必要。因為后面 idea 運(yùn)行 Tomcat 會使用這個命令。
你可以在 gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties 中配置一下使用本地文件加快速度。
配置離線工作也可加快速度
File > Settings > Build, Execution & Deployment > Compiler > Compiler
and de-select Configure on demand
The above still uses data but is faster, I was able to load images and maps. However, in addition, if >you want to be completely offline, you need to do the following:
File -> Settings ->Build, Execution,Deployment -> Build Tools -> Gradle ->
check Offline work
試試有沒有配置成功
gradlew build # 編譯項目
gradlew tasks # 查看任務(wù)
4.創(chuàng)建 idea 項目文件
gradlew idea
如果之后項目更新了依賴,可以運(yùn)行下面的命令同步到 idea
gradlew cleanIdea
5.用 Idea 打開項目
直接用 idea 打開 ipr 文件
按 alt + 1 可以顯示文件導(dǎo)航側(cè)欄
配置調(diào)試環(huán)境
1.配置遠(yuǎn)程調(diào)試
進(jìn)入運(yùn)行配置界面
點擊 + remote
寫一個名字,其他直接默認(rèn)就好??梢园训谝恍袇?shù)復(fù)制出來下一步使用,即:
-agentlib:jdwp=transport=dt_socket,server=y,suspend=n,address=5005
2.配置 Tomcat 運(yùn)行
同上步驟,進(jìn)入運(yùn)行配置界面
點擊 + Gradle
第一行根據(jù)自己項目填寫 gradle build 的位置
第二行輸入 tomcatRun
第三行填上一個步驟復(fù)制下來的參數(shù)。
編寫 Helloworld
package main.java;
/*
* This Java source file was auto generated by running 'gradle buildInit --type java-library'
* by 'Yang' at '16-9-18 下午5:48' with Gradle 3.0
*
* @author Yang, @date 16-9-18 下午5:48
*/
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Writer;
@WebServlet("/")
public class Library extends HttpServlet{
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
Writer writer = resp.getWriter();
writer.write("HelloWorld!");
writer.flush();
writer.close();
super.doGet(req, resp);
}
}
運(yùn)行調(diào)試
1.運(yùn)行
這里注意 src/main 下面必須有 webapp 目錄,空目錄都要。不然訪問會出現(xiàn) 404 錯誤
2.調(diào)試
選擇之前配置的遠(yuǎn)程 debug 配置
打斷點
重新訪問查看調(diào)試結(jié)果
參考
1.http://yukinami.github.io/2015/07/29/gradle-tomcat-plugin-404/
2.http://www.cnblogs.com/woshimrf/p/5779811.html
3.http://stackoverflow.com/questions/18158034/how-to-setup-android-studio-to-work-completely-offline
4.http://www.cnblogs.com/huang0925/p/3458507.html