1，定義

原型模式：用原型實(shí)例指定創(chuàng)建對(duì)象的種類，并且通過拷貝這些原型創(chuàng)建新對(duì)象

2，基本代碼

 abstract class Prototype
    {
        private string id;

        // Constructor 
        public Prototype(string id)
        {
            this.id = id;
        }

        // Property 
        public string Id
        {
            get { return id; }
        }

        public abstract Prototype Clone();
    }

    class ConcretePrototype1 : Prototype
    {
        // Constructor 
        public ConcretePrototype1(string id)
            : base(id)
        {
        }

        public override Prototype Clone()
        {
            // Shallow copy 
            return (Prototype)this.MemberwiseClone();
        }
    }


    class ConcretePrototype2 : Prototype
    {
        // Constructor 
        public ConcretePrototype2(string id)
            : base(id)
        {
        }

        public override Prototype Clone()
        {
            // Shallow copy 
            return (Prototype)this.MemberwiseClone();
        }
    }

// 調(diào)用
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            ConcretePrototype1 p1 = new ConcretePrototype1("I");
            ConcretePrototype1 c1 = (ConcretePrototype1)p1.Clone();
            Console.WriteLine("Cloned: {0}", c1.Id);

            ConcretePrototype2 p2 = new ConcretePrototype2("II");
            ConcretePrototype2 c2 = (ConcretePrototype2)p2.Clone();
            Console.WriteLine("Cloned: {0}", c2.Id);

            // Wait for user 
            Console.Read();

        }

3，簡單實(shí)現(xiàn)

 //簡歷
    class Resume : ICloneable
    {
        private string name;
        private string sex;
        private string age;

        private WorkExperience work;

        public Resume(string name)
        {
            this.name = name;
            work = new WorkExperience();
        }

        private Resume(WorkExperience work)
        {
            this.work = (WorkExperience)work.Clone();
        }

        //設(shè)置個(gè)人信息
        public void SetPersonalInfo(string sex, string age)
        {
            this.sex = sex;
            this.age = age;
        }
        //設(shè)置工作經(jīng)歷
        public void SetWorkExperience(string workDate, string company)
        {
            work.WorkDate = workDate;
            work.Company = company;
        }

        //顯示
        public void Display()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0} {1} {2}", name, sex, age);
            Console.WriteLine("工作經(jīng)歷：{0} {1}", work.WorkDate, work.Company);
        }

        public Object Clone()
        {
            Resume obj = new Resume(this.work);

            obj.name = this.name;
            obj.sex = this.sex;
            obj.age = this.age;


            return obj;
        }

    }

    //工作經(jīng)歷
    class WorkExperience : ICloneable
    {
        private string workDate;
        public string WorkDate
        {
            get { return workDate; }
            set { workDate = value; }
        }
        private string company;
        public string Company
        {
            get { return company; }
            set { company = value; }
        }

        public Object Clone()
        {
            return (Object)this.MemberwiseClone();
        }
    }

          // 調(diào)用
         static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Resume a = new Resume("大鳥");
            a.SetPersonalInfo("男", "29");
            a.SetWorkExperience("1998-2000", "XX公司");

            Resume b = (Resume)a.Clone();
            b.SetWorkExperience("1998-2006", "YY企業(yè)");

            Resume c = (Resume)a.Clone();
            c.SetWorkExperience("1998-2003", "ZZ企業(yè)");

            a.Display();
            b.Display();
            c.Display();

            Console.Read();

        }

4，關(guān)于原型模式的思考

1，深復(fù)制，淺復(fù)制
淺復(fù)制：被復(fù)制對(duì)象的所有的變量都含有與原來的對(duì)象相同的值，而所有的對(duì)其他對(duì)象的引用都指向原來的對(duì)象
深復(fù)制：把引用對(duì)象的變量指向復(fù)制過的新對(duì)象，而不是原有的被引用的對(duì)象
2，System的ICloneable()接口
MemberwiseClone() 方法：如果字段是值類型的，則對(duì)該字段進(jìn)行逐位復(fù)制，如果字段是引用類型，則復(fù)制引用但是不復(fù)制引用對(duì)象，因此，原有對(duì)象及其復(fù)本引用同一對(duì)象