Spring+MyBatis實現數據庫讀寫分離方案

推薦第四種：https://github.com/shawntime/shawn-rwdb

方案1

通過MyBatis配置文件創建讀寫分離兩個DataSource，每個SqlSessionFactoryBean對象的mapperLocations屬性制定兩個讀寫數據源的配置文件。將所有讀的操作配置在讀文件中，所有寫的操作配置在寫文件中。

  • 優點：實現簡單
  • 缺點：維護麻煩，需要對原有的xml文件進行重新修改，不支持多讀，不易擴展
  • 實現方式
<bean id="abstractDataSource" abstract="true" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method="init"
      destroy-method="close">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver"/>
    <!-- 配置獲取連接等待超時的時間 -->
    <property name="maxWait" value="60000"/>
    <!-- 配置間隔多久才進行一次檢測，檢測需要關閉的空閑連接，單位是毫秒 -->
    <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000"/>
    <!-- 配置一個連接在池中最小生存的時間，單位是毫秒 -->
    <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="300000"/>
    <property name="validationQuery" value="SELECT 'x'"/>
    <property name="testWhileIdle" value="true"/>
    <property name="testOnBorrow" value="false"/>
    <property name="testOnReturn" value="false"/>
    <!-- 打開PSCache，并且指定每個連接上PSCache的大小 -->
    <property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="true"/>
    <property name="maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize" value="20"/>
    <property name="filters" value="config"/>
    <property name="connectionProperties" value="config.decrypt=true" />
</bean>

<bean id="readDataSource" parent="abstractDataSource">
    <!-- 基本屬性 url、user、password -->
    <property name="url" value="${read.jdbc.url}"/>
    <property name="username" value="${read.jdbc.user}"/>
    <property name="password" value="${read.jdbc.password}"/>
    <!-- 配置初始化大小、最小、最大 -->
    <property name="initialSize" value="${read.jdbc.initPoolSize}"/>
    <property name="minIdle" value="10"/>
    <property name="maxActive" value="${read.jdbc.maxPoolSize}"/>
</bean>

<bean id="writeDataSource" parent="abstractDataSource">
    <!-- 基本屬性 url、user、password -->
    <property name="url" value="${write.jdbc.url}"/>
    <property name="username" value="${write.jdbc.user}"/>
    <property name="password" value="${write.jdbc.password}"/>
    <!-- 配置初始化大小、最小、最大 -->
    <property name="initialSize" value="${write.jdbc.initPoolSize}"/>
    <property name="minIdle" value="10"/>
    <property name="maxActive" value="${write.jdbc.maxPoolSize}"/>
</bean>

<bean id="readSqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
    <!-- 實例化sqlSessionFactory時需要使用上述配置好的數據源以及SQL映射文件 -->
    <property name="dataSource" ref="readDataSource"/>
    <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/read/*.xml"/>
</bean>

<bean id="writeSqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
    <!-- 實例化sqlSessionFactory時需要使用上述配置好的數據源以及SQL映射文件 -->
    <property name="dataSource" ref="writeDataSource"/>
    <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/write/*.xml"/>
</bean>
方案2

通過Spring AOP在業務層實現讀寫分離，在DAO層調用前定義切面，利用Spring的AbstractRoutingDataSource解決多數據源的問題，實現動態選擇數據源

  • 優點：通過注解的方法在DAO每個方法上配置數據源，原有代碼改動量少，易擴展，支持多讀
  • 缺點：需要在DAO每個方法上配置注解，人工管理，容易出錯
  • 實現方式
//定義枚舉類型，讀寫
public enum DynamicDataSourceGlobal {
    READ, WRITE;
}

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

/**
 * RUNTIME
 * 定義注解
 * 編譯器將把注釋記錄在類文件中，在運行時 VM 將保留注釋，因此可以反射性地讀取。
 * @author shma1664
 *
 */
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
public @interface DataSource {

    public DynamicDataSourceGlobal value() default DynamicDataSourceGlobal.READ;

}

/**
 * Created by IDEA
 * 本地線程設置和獲取數據源信息
 * User: mashaohua
 * Date: 2016-07-07 13:35
 * Desc:
 */
public class DynamicDataSourceHolder {

    private static final ThreadLocal<DynamicDataSourceGlobal> holder = new ThreadLocal<DynamicDataSourceGlobal>();

    public static void putDataSource(DynamicDataSourceGlobal dataSource){
        holder.set(dataSource);
    }

    public static DynamicDataSourceGlobal getDataSource(){
        return holder.get();
    }

    public static void clearDataSource() {
        holder.remove();
    }

}

import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.lookup.AbstractRoutingDataSource;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

/**
 * Created by IDEA
 * User: mashaohua
 * Date: 2016-07-14 10:56
 * Desc: 動態數據源實現讀寫分離
 */
public class DynamicDataSource extends AbstractRoutingDataSource {

    private Object writeDataSource; //寫數據源

    private List<Object> readDataSources; //多個讀數據源

    private int readDataSourceSize; //讀數據源個數

    private int readDataSourcePollPattern = 0; //獲取讀數據源方式，0：隨機，1：輪詢

    private AtomicLong counter = new AtomicLong(0);

    private static final Long MAX_POOL = Long.MAX_VALUE;

    private final Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();

    @Override
    public void afterPropertiesSet() {
        if (this.writeDataSource == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Property 'writeDataSource' is required");
        }
        setDefaultTargetDataSource(writeDataSource);
        Map<Object, Object> targetDataSources = new HashMap<>();
        targetDataSources.put(DynamicDataSourceGlobal.WRITE.name(), writeDataSource);
        if (this.readDataSources == null) {
            readDataSourceSize = 0;
        } else {
            for(int i=0; i<readDataSources.size(); i++) {
                targetDataSources.put(DynamicDataSourceGlobal.READ.name() + i, readDataSources.get(i));
            }
            readDataSourceSize = readDataSources.size();
        }
        setTargetDataSources(targetDataSources);
        super.afterPropertiesSet();
    }

    @Override
    protected Object determineCurrentLookupKey() {

        DynamicDataSourceGlobal dynamicDataSourceGlobal = DynamicDataSourceHolder.getDataSource();

        if(dynamicDataSourceGlobal == null
                || dynamicDataSourceGlobal == DynamicDataSourceGlobal.WRITE
                || readDataSourceSize <= 0) {
            return DynamicDataSourceGlobal.WRITE.name();
        }

        int index = 1;

        if(readDataSourcePollPattern == 1) {
            //輪詢方式
            long currValue = counter.incrementAndGet();
            if((currValue + 1) >= MAX_POOL) {
                try {
                    lock.lock();
                    if((currValue + 1) >= MAX_POOL) {
                        counter.set(0);
                    }
                } finally {
                    lock.unlock();
                }
            }
            index = (int) (currValue % readDataSourceSize);
        } else {
            //隨機方式
            index = ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(0, readDataSourceSize);
        }
        return dynamicDataSourceGlobal.name() + index;
    }

    public void setWriteDataSource(Object writeDataSource) {
        this.writeDataSource = writeDataSource;
    }

    public void setReadDataSources(List<Object> readDataSources) {
        this.readDataSources = readDataSources;
    }

    public void setReadDataSourcePollPattern(int readDataSourcePollPattern) {
        this.readDataSourcePollPattern = readDataSourcePollPattern;
    }
}

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.reflect.MethodSignature;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;

/**
 * Created by IDEA
 * User: mashaohua
 * Date: 2016-07-07 13:39
 * Desc: 定義選擇數據源切面
 */
public class DynamicDataSourceAspect {

    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(DynamicDataSourceAspect.class);

    public void pointCut(){};

    public void before(JoinPoint point)
    {
        Object target = point.getTarget();
        String methodName = point.getSignature().getName();
        Class<?>[] clazz = target.getClass().getInterfaces();
        Class<?>[] parameterTypes = ((MethodSignature) point.getSignature()).getMethod().getParameterTypes();
        try {
            Method method = clazz[0].getMethod(methodName, parameterTypes);
            if (method != null && method.isAnnotationPresent(DataSource.class)) {
                DataSource data = method.getAnnotation(DataSource.class);
                DynamicDataSourceHolder.putDataSource(data.value());
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error(String.format("Choose DataSource error, method:%s, msg:%s", methodName, e.getMessage()));
        }
    }

    public void after(JoinPoint point) {
        DynamicDataSourceHolder.clearDataSource();
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd">

    <bean id="abstractDataSource" abstract="true" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver"/>
        <!-- 配置獲取連接等待超時的時間 -->
        <property name="maxWait" value="60000"/>
        <!-- 配置間隔多久才進行一次檢測，檢測需要關閉的空閑連接，單位是毫秒 -->
        <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000"/>
        <!-- 配置一個連接在池中最小生存的時間，單位是毫秒 -->
        <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="300000"/>
        <property name="validationQuery" value="SELECT 'x'"/>
        <property name="testWhileIdle" value="true"/>
        <property name="testOnBorrow" value="false"/>
        <property name="testOnReturn" value="false"/>
        <!-- 打開PSCache，并且指定每個連接上PSCache的大小 -->
        <property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="true"/>
        <property name="maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize" value="20"/>
        <property name="filters" value="config"/>
        <property name="connectionProperties" value="config.decrypt=true" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="dataSourceRead1" parent="abstractDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver"/>
        <!-- 基本屬性 url、user、password -->
        <property name="url" value="${read1.jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${read1.jdbc.user}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${read1.jdbc.password}"/>
        <!-- 配置初始化大小、最小、最大 -->
        <property name="initialSize" value="${read1.jdbc.initPoolSize}"/>
        <property name="minIdle" value="${read1.jdbc.minPoolSize}"/>
        <property name="maxActive" value="${read1.jdbc.maxPoolSize}"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="dataSourceRead2" parent="abstractDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver"/>
        <!-- 基本屬性 url、user、password -->
        <property name="url" value="${read2.jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${read2.jdbc.user}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${read2.jdbc.password}"/>
        <!-- 配置初始化大小、最小、最大 -->
        <property name="initialSize" value="${read2.jdbc.initPoolSize}"/>
        <property name="minIdle" value="${read2.jdbc.minPoolSize}"/>
        <property name="maxActive" value="${read2.jdbc.maxPoolSize}"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="dataSourceWrite" parent="abstractDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver"/>
        <!-- 基本屬性 url、user、password -->
        <property name="url" value="${write.jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${write.jdbc.user}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${write.jdbc.password}"/>
        <!-- 配置初始化大小、最小、最大 -->
        <property name="initialSize" value="${write.jdbc.initPoolSize}"/>
        <property name="minIdle" value="${write.jdbc.minPoolSize}"/>
        <property name="maxActive" value="${write.jdbc.maxPoolSize}"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.test.api.dao.datasource.DynamicDataSource">
        <property name="writeDataSource" ref="dataSourceWrite" />
        <property name="readDataSources">
            <list>
                <ref bean="dataSourceRead1" />
                <ref bean="dataSourceRead2" />
            </list>
        </property>
        <!--輪詢方式-->
        <property name="readDataSourcePollPattern" value="1" />
        <property name="defaultTargetDataSource" ref="dataSourceWrite"/>
    </bean>

    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 針對myBatis的配置項 -->
    <!-- 配置sqlSessionFactory -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 實例化sqlSessionFactory時需要使用上述配置好的數據源以及SQL映射文件 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置掃描器 -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!-- 掃描包以及它的子包下的所有映射接口類 -->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.test.api.dao.inte"/>
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置數據庫注解aop -->
    <bean id="dynamicDataSourceAspect" class="com.test.api.dao.datasource.DynamicDataSourceAspect" />
    <aop:config>
        <aop:aspect id="c" ref="dynamicDataSourceAspect">
            <aop:pointcut id="tx" expression="execution(* com.test.api.dao.inte..*.*(..))"/>
            <aop:before pointcut-ref="tx" method="before"/>
            <aop:after pointcut-ref="tx" method="after"/>
        </aop:aspect>
    </aop:config>
    <!-- 配置數據庫注解aop -->
</beans>
方案3

通過Mybatis的Plugin在業務層實現數據庫讀寫分離，在MyBatis創建Statement對象前通過攔截器選擇真正的數據源，在攔截器中根據方法名稱不同（select、update、insert、delete）選擇數據源。

  • 優點：原有代碼不變，支持多讀，易擴展
  • 缺點：
  • 實現方式
/**
 * Created by IDEA
 * User: mashaohua
 * Date: 2016-07-19 15:40
 * Desc: 創建Connection代理接口
 */
public interface ConnectionProxy extends Connection {

    /**
     * 根據傳入的讀寫分離需要的key路由到正確的connection
     * @param key 數據源標識
     * @return
     */
    Connection  getTargetConnection(String key);
}

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.AbstractDataSource;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.lookup.DataSourceLookup;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.lookup.JndiDataSourceLookup;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;

public abstract class AbstractDynamicDataSourceProxy extends AbstractDataSource implements InitializingBean {

    private List<Object> readDataSources;
    private List<DataSource> resolvedReadDataSources;

    private Object writeDataSource;
    private DataSource resolvedWriteDataSource;

    private int readDataSourcePollPattern = 0;

    private int readDsSize;

    private boolean defaultAutoCommit = true;
    private int defaultTransactionIsolation = Connection.TRANSACTION_READ_COMMITTED;

    public static final String READ = "read";

    public static final String WRITE = "write";

    private DataSourceLookup dataSourceLookup = new JndiDataSourceLookup();

    @Override
    public Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
        return (Connection) Proxy.newProxyInstance(
                com.autohome.api.dealer.tuan.dao.rwmybatis.ConnectionProxy.class.getClassLoader(),
                new Class[] {com.autohome.api.dealer.tuan.dao.rwmybatis.ConnectionProxy.class},
                new RWConnectionInvocationHandler());
    }

    @Override
    public Connection getConnection(String username, String password)
            throws SQLException {
        return (Connection) Proxy.newProxyInstance(
                com.autohome.api.dealer.tuan.dao.rwmybatis.ConnectionProxy.class.getClassLoader(),
                new Class[] {com.autohome.api.dealer.tuan.dao.rwmybatis.ConnectionProxy.class},
                new RWConnectionInvocationHandler(username,password));
    }

    public int getReadDsSize(){
        return readDsSize;
    }

    public List<DataSource> getResolvedReadDataSources() {
        return resolvedReadDataSources;
    }

    public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {

        if(writeDataSource == null){
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Property 'writeDataSource' is required");
        }
        this.resolvedWriteDataSource = resolveSpecifiedDataSource(writeDataSource);

        resolvedReadDataSources = new ArrayList<DataSource>(readDataSources.size());
        for(Object item : readDataSources){
            resolvedReadDataSources.add(resolveSpecifiedDataSource(item));
        }
        readDsSize = readDataSources.size();
    }

    protected DataSource determineTargetDataSource(String key) {
        Assert.notNull(this.resolvedReadDataSources, "DataSource router not initialized");
        if(WRITE.equals(key)){
            return resolvedWriteDataSource;
        }else{
            return loadReadDataSource();
        }
    }

    public Logger getParentLogger() {
        // NOOP Just ignore
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * 獲取真實的data source
     * @param dataSource (jndi | real data source)
     * @return
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
     */
    protected DataSource resolveSpecifiedDataSource(Object dataSource) throws IllegalArgumentException {
        if (dataSource instanceof DataSource) {
            return (DataSource) dataSource;
        }
        else if (dataSource instanceof String) {
            return this.dataSourceLookup.getDataSource((String) dataSource);
        }
        else {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "Illegal data source value - only [javax.sql.DataSource] and String supported: " + dataSource);
        }
    }

    protected abstract DataSource loadReadDataSource();

    public void setReadDsSize(int readDsSize) {
        this.readDsSize = readDsSize;
    }

    public List<Object> getReadDataSources() {
        return readDataSources;
    }

    public void setReadDataSources(List<Object> readDataSources) {
        this.readDataSources = readDataSources;
    }

    public Object getWriteDataSource() {
        return writeDataSource;
    }

    public void setWriteDataSource(Object writeDataSource) {
        this.writeDataSource = writeDataSource;
    }

    public void setResolvedReadDataSources(List<DataSource> resolvedReadDataSources) {
        this.resolvedReadDataSources = resolvedReadDataSources;
    }

    public DataSource getResolvedWriteDataSource() {
        return resolvedWriteDataSource;
    }

    public void setResolvedWriteDataSource(DataSource resolvedWriteDataSource) {
        this.resolvedWriteDataSource = resolvedWriteDataSource;
    }

    public int getReadDataSourcePollPattern() {
        return readDataSourcePollPattern;
    }

    public void setReadDataSourcePollPattern(int readDataSourcePollPattern) {
        this.readDataSourcePollPattern = readDataSourcePollPattern;
    }

    /**
     * Invocation handler that defers fetching an actual JDBC Connection
     * until first creation of a Statement.
     */
    private class RWConnectionInvocationHandler implements InvocationHandler {

        private String username;

        private String password;

        private Boolean readOnly = Boolean.FALSE;

        private Integer transactionIsolation;

        private Boolean autoCommit;

        private boolean closed = false;

        private Connection target;

        public RWConnectionInvocationHandler() {

        }

        public RWConnectionInvocationHandler(String username, String password) {
            this();
            this.username = username;
            this.password = password;
        }

        public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
            // Invocation on ConnectionProxy interface coming in...

            if (method.getName().equals("equals")) {
                // We must avoid fetching a target Connection for "equals".
                // Only consider equal when proxies are identical.
                return (proxy == args[0] ? Boolean.TRUE : Boolean.FALSE);
            }
            else if (method.getName().equals("hashCode")) {
                // We must avoid fetching a target Connection for "hashCode",
                // and we must return the same hash code even when the target
                // Connection has been fetched: use hashCode of Connection proxy.
                return new Integer(System.identityHashCode(proxy));
            }
            else if (method.getName().equals("getTargetConnection")) {
                // Handle getTargetConnection method: return underlying connection.
                return getTargetConnection(method,args);
            }

            if (!hasTargetConnection()) {
                // No physical target Connection kept yet ->
                // resolve transaction demarcation methods without fetching
                // a physical JDBC Connection until absolutely necessary.

                if (method.getName().equals("toString")) {
                    return "RW Routing DataSource Proxy";
                }
                else if (method.getName().equals("isReadOnly")) {
                    return this.readOnly;
                }
                else if (method.getName().equals("setReadOnly")) {
                    this.readOnly = (Boolean) args[0];
                    return null;
                }
                else if (method.getName().equals("getTransactionIsolation")) {
                    if (this.transactionIsolation != null) {
                        return this.transactionIsolation;
                    }
                    return defaultTransactionIsolation;
                    // Else fetch actual Connection and check there,
                    // because we didn't have a default specified.
                }
                else if (method.getName().equals("setTransactionIsolation")) {
                    this.transactionIsolation = (Integer) args[0];
                    return null;
                }
                else if (method.getName().equals("getAutoCommit")) {
                    if (this.autoCommit != null)
                        return this.autoCommit;
                    return defaultAutoCommit;
                    // Else fetch actual Connection and check there,
                    // because we didn't have a default specified.
                }
                else if (method.getName().equals("setAutoCommit")) {
                    this.autoCommit = (Boolean) args[0];
                    return null;
                }
                else if (method.getName().equals("commit")) {
                    // Ignore: no statements created yet.
                    return null;
                }
                else if (method.getName().equals("rollback")) {
                    // Ignore: no statements created yet.
                    return null;
                }
                else if (method.getName().equals("getWarnings")) {
                    return null;
                }
                else if (method.getName().equals("clearWarnings")) {
                    return null;
                }
                else if (method.getName().equals("isClosed")) {
                    return (this.closed ? Boolean.TRUE : Boolean.FALSE);
                }
                else if (method.getName().equals("close")) {
                    // Ignore: no target connection yet.
                    this.closed = true;
                    return null;
                }
                else if (this.closed) {
                    // Connection proxy closed, without ever having fetched a
                    // physical JDBC Connection: throw corresponding SQLException.
                    throw new SQLException("Illegal operation: connection is closed");
                }
            }

            // Target Connection already fetched,
            // or target Connection necessary for current operation ->
            // invoke method on target connection.
            try {
                return method.invoke(target, args);
            }
            catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {
                throw ex.getTargetException();
            }
        }

        /**
         * Return whether the proxy currently holds a target Connection.
         */
        private boolean hasTargetConnection() {
            return (this.target != null);
        }

        /**
         * Return the target Connection, fetching it and initializing it if necessary.
         */
        private Connection getTargetConnection(Method operation,Object[] args) throws SQLException {

            if (this.target == null) {
                String key = (String) args[0];
                // No target Connection held -> fetch one.
                if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    logger.debug("Connecting to database for operation '" + operation.getName() + "'");
                }

                // Fetch physical Connection from DataSource.
                this.target = (this.username != null) ?
                        determineTargetDataSource(key).getConnection(this.username, this.password) :
                        determineTargetDataSource(key).getConnection();

                // If we still lack default connection properties, check them now.
                //checkDefaultConnectionProperties(this.target);

                // Apply kept transaction settings, if any.
                if (this.readOnly.booleanValue()) {
                    this.target.setReadOnly(this.readOnly.booleanValue());
                }
                if (this.transactionIsolation != null) {
                    this.target.setTransactionIsolation(this.transactionIsolation.intValue());
                }
                if (this.autoCommit != null && this.autoCommit.booleanValue() != this.target.getAutoCommit()) {
                    this.target.setAutoCommit(this.autoCommit.booleanValue());
                }
            }

            else {
                // Target Connection already held -> return it.
                if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    logger.debug("Using existing database connection for operation '" + operation.getName() + "'");
                }
            }

            return this.target;
        }
    }

}

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

/**
 * Created by IDEA
 * User: mashaohua
 * Date: 2016-07-19 16:04
 * Desc:
 */
public class DynamicRoutingDataSourceProxy extends AbstractDynamicDataSourceProxy {

    private AtomicLong counter = new AtomicLong(0);

    private static final Long MAX_POOL = Long.MAX_VALUE;

    private final Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();

    @Override
    protected DataSource loadReadDataSource() {
        int index = 1;

        if(getReadDataSourcePollPattern() == 1) {
            //輪詢方式
            long currValue = counter.incrementAndGet();
            if((currValue + 1) >= MAX_POOL) {
                try {
                    lock.lock();
                    if((currValue + 1) >= MAX_POOL) {
                        counter.set(0);
                    }
                } finally {
                    lock.unlock();
                }
            }
            index = (int) (currValue % getReadDsSize());
        } else {
            //隨機方式
            index = ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(0, getReadDsSize());
        }
        return getResolvedReadDataSources().get(index);
    }
}

import org.apache.ibatis.executor.statement.RoutingStatementHandler;
import org.apache.ibatis.executor.statement.StatementHandler;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.MappedStatement;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.SqlCommandType;
import org.apache.ibatis.plugin.*;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.util.Properties;

/**
 * 攔截器
 */
@Intercepts({ @Signature(type = StatementHandler.class, method = "prepare", args = { Connection.class }) })
public class DynamicPlugin implements Interceptor {

    public Object intercept(Invocation invocation) throws Throwable {
        
       
        Connection conn = (Connection)invocation.getArgs()[0];
        //如果是采用了我們代理,則路由數據源
        if(conn instanceof com.autohome.api.dealer.tuan.dao.rwmybatis.ConnectionProxy){
            StatementHandler statementHandler = (StatementHandler) invocation
                    .getTarget();

            MappedStatement mappedStatement = null;
            if (statementHandler instanceof RoutingStatementHandler) {
                StatementHandler delegate = (StatementHandler) ReflectionUtils
                        .getFieldValue(statementHandler, "delegate");
                mappedStatement = (MappedStatement) ReflectionUtils.getFieldValue(
                        delegate, "mappedStatement");
            } else {
                mappedStatement = (MappedStatement) ReflectionUtils.getFieldValue(
                        statementHandler, "mappedStatement");
            }
            String key = AbstractDynamicDataSourceProxy.WRITE;

            if(mappedStatement.getSqlCommandType() == SqlCommandType.SELECT){
                key = AbstractDynamicDataSourceProxy.READ;
            }else{
                key = AbstractDynamicDataSourceProxy.WRITE;
            }

            ConnectionProxy connectionProxy = (ConnectionProxy)conn;
            connectionProxy.getTargetConnection(key);

        }
        
        return invocation.proceed();
        
    }

    public Object plugin(Object target) {
        
        return Plugin.wrap(target, this);
    }

    public void setProperties(Properties properties) {
        //NOOP
        
    }

}

import org.apache.ibatis.logging.Log;
import org.apache.ibatis.logging.LogFactory;

import java.lang.reflect.*;

public class ReflectionUtils {

    private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(ReflectionUtils.class);

    /**
     * 直接設置對象屬性值,無視private/protected修飾符,不經過setter函數.
     */
    public static void setFieldValue(final Object object, final String fieldName, final Object value) {
        Field field = getDeclaredField(object, fieldName);

        if (field == null)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Could not find field [" + fieldName + "] on target [" + object + "]");

        makeAccessible(field);

        try {
            field.set(object, value);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {

        }
    }

    /**
     * 直接讀取對象屬性值,無視private/protected修飾符,不經過getter函數.
     */
    public static Object getFieldValue(final Object object, final String fieldName) {
        Field field = getDeclaredField(object, fieldName);

        if (field == null)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Could not find field [" + fieldName + "] on target [" + object + "]");

        makeAccessible(field);

        Object result = null;
        try {
            result = field.get(object);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {

        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 直接調用對象方法,無視private/protected修飾符.
     */
    public static Object invokeMethod(final Object object, final String methodName, final Class<?>[] parameterTypes,
            final Object[] parameters) throws InvocationTargetException {
        Method method = getDeclaredMethod(object, methodName, parameterTypes);
        if (method == null)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Could not find method [" + methodName + "] on target [" + object + "]");

        method.setAccessible(true);

        try {
            return method.invoke(object, parameters);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {

        }

        return null;
    }

    /**
     * 循環向上轉型,獲取對象的DeclaredField.
     */
    protected static Field getDeclaredField(final Object object, final String fieldName) {
        for (Class<?> superClass = object.getClass(); superClass != Object.class; superClass = superClass
                .getSuperclass()) {
            try {
                return superClass.getDeclaredField(fieldName);
            } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * 循環向上轉型,獲取對象的DeclaredField.
     */
    protected static void makeAccessible(final Field field) {
        if (!Modifier.isPublic(field.getModifiers()) || !Modifier.isPublic(field.getDeclaringClass().getModifiers())) {
            field.setAccessible(true);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 循環向上轉型,獲取對象的DeclaredMethod.
     */
    protected static Method getDeclaredMethod(Object object, String methodName, Class<?>[] parameterTypes) {
        for (Class<?> superClass = object.getClass(); superClass != Object.class; superClass = superClass
                .getSuperclass()) {
            try {
                return superClass.getDeclaredMethod(methodName, parameterTypes);
            } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {

            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * 通過反射,獲得Class定義中聲明的父類的泛型參數的類型.
     * eg.
     * public UserDao extends HibernateDao<User>
     *
     * @param clazz The class to introspect
     * @return the first generic declaration, or Object.class if cannot be determined
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public static <T> Class<T> getSuperClassGenricType(final Class clazz) {
        return getSuperClassGenricType(clazz, 0);
    }

    /**
     * 通過反射,獲得Class定義中聲明的父類的泛型參數的類型.
     * eg.
     * public UserDao extends HibernateDao<User>
     *
     * @param clazz The class to introspect
     * @return the first generic declaration, or Object.class if cannot be determined
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public static Class getSuperClassGenricType(final Class clazz, final int index) {

        Type genType = clazz.getGenericSuperclass();

        if (!(genType instanceof ParameterizedType)) {
            logger.warn(clazz.getSimpleName() + "'s superclass not ParameterizedType");
            return Object.class;
        }

        Type[] params = ((ParameterizedType) genType).getActualTypeArguments();

        if (index >= params.length || index < 0) {
            logger.warn("Index: " + index + ", Size of " + clazz.getSimpleName() + "'s Parameterized Type: "
                    + params.length);
            return Object.class;
        }
        if (!(params[index] instanceof Class)) {
            logger.warn(clazz.getSimpleName() + " not set the actual class on superclass generic parameter");
            return Object.class;
        }

        return (Class) params[index];
    }

    /**
     * 將反射時的checked exception轉換為unchecked exception.
     */
    public static IllegalArgumentException convertToUncheckedException(Exception e) {
        if (e instanceof IllegalAccessException || e instanceof IllegalArgumentException
                || e instanceof NoSuchMethodException)
            return new IllegalArgumentException("Refelction Exception.", e);
        else
            return new IllegalArgumentException(e);
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD SQL Map Config 3.0//EN"  
    "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <plugins>
        <plugin interceptor="com.test.api.dao.mybatis.DynamicPlugin">
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
     
</configuration>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd">

    <bean id="abstractDataSource" abstract="true" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver"/>
        <!-- 配置獲取連接等待超時的時間 -->
        <property name="maxWait" value="60000"/>
        <!-- 配置間隔多久才進行一次檢測，檢測需要關閉的空閑連接，單位是毫秒 -->
        <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000"/>
        <!-- 配置一個連接在池中最小生存的時間，單位是毫秒 -->
        <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="300000"/>
        <property name="validationQuery" value="SELECT 'x'"/>
        <property name="testWhileIdle" value="true"/>
        <property name="testOnBorrow" value="false"/>
        <property name="testOnReturn" value="false"/>
        <!-- 打開PSCache，并且指定每個連接上PSCache的大小 -->
        <property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="true"/>
        <property name="maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize" value="20"/>
        <property name="filters" value="config"/>
        <property name="connectionProperties" value="config.decrypt=true" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="dataSourceRead1" parent="abstractDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver"/>
        <!-- 基本屬性 url、user、password -->
        <property name="url" value="${read1.jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${read1.jdbc.user}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${read1.jdbc.password}"/>
        <!-- 配置初始化大小、最小、最大 -->
        <property name="initialSize" value="${read1.jdbc.initPoolSize}"/>
        <property name="minIdle" value="${read1.jdbc.minPoolSize}"/>
        <property name="maxActive" value="${read1.jdbc.maxPoolSize}"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="dataSourceRead2" parent="abstractDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver"/>
        <!-- 基本屬性 url、user、password -->
        <property name="url" value="${read2.jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${read2.jdbc.user}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${read2.jdbc.password}"/>
        <!-- 配置初始化大小、最小、最大 -->
        <property name="initialSize" value="${read2.jdbc.initPoolSize}"/>
        <property name="minIdle" value="${read2.jdbc.minPoolSize}"/>
        <property name="maxActive" value="${read2.jdbc.maxPoolSize}"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="dataSourceWrite" parent="abstractDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver"/>
        <!-- 基本屬性 url、user、password -->
        <property name="url" value="${write.jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${write.jdbc.user}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${write.jdbc.password}"/>
        <!-- 配置初始化大小、最小、最大 -->
        <property name="initialSize" value="${write.jdbc.initPoolSize}"/>
        <property name="minIdle" value="${write.jdbc.minPoolSize}"/>
        <property name="maxActive" value="${write.jdbc.maxPoolSize}"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.test.api.dao.datasource.DynamicRoutingDataSourceProxy">
        <property name="writeDataSource" ref="dataSourceWrite" />
        <property name="readDataSources">
            <list>
                <ref bean="dataSourceRead1" />
                <ref bean="dataSourceRead2" />
            </list>
        </property>
        <!--輪詢方式-->
        <property name="readDataSourcePollPattern" value="1" />
    </bean>

    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 針對myBatis的配置項 -->
    <!-- 配置sqlSessionFactory -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 實例化sqlSessionFactory時需要使用上述配置好的數據源以及SQL映射文件 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"/>
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-plugin-config.xml" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="sqlSessionTemplate" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate">
        <constructor-arg ref="sqlSessionFactory" />
    </bean>
    <!-- 通過掃描的模式，掃描目錄下所有的mapper， 根據對應的mapper.xml為其生成代理類-->
    <bean id="mapper" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.test.api.dao.inte" />
        <property name="sqlSessionTemplate" ref="sqlSessionTemplate"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>
方案4

如果你的后臺結構是spring+mybatis，可以通過spring的AbstractRoutingDataSource和mybatis Plugin攔截器實現非常友好的讀寫分離，原有代碼不需要任何改變。推薦第四種方案

import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.lookup.AbstractRoutingDataSource;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Created by IDEA
 * User: mashaohua
 * Date: 2016-07-14 10:56
 * Desc: 動態數據源實現讀寫分離
 */
public class DynamicDataSource extends AbstractRoutingDataSource {

    private Object writeDataSource; //寫數據源

    private Object readDataSource; //讀數據源

    @Override
    public void afterPropertiesSet() {
        if (this.writeDataSource == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Property 'writeDataSource' is required");
        }
        setDefaultTargetDataSource(writeDataSource);
        Map<Object, Object> targetDataSources = new HashMap<>();
        targetDataSources.put(DynamicDataSourceGlobal.WRITE.name(), writeDataSource);
        if(readDataSource != null) {
            targetDataSources.put(DynamicDataSourceGlobal.READ.name(), readDataSource);
        }
        setTargetDataSources(targetDataSources);
        super.afterPropertiesSet();
    }

    @Override
    protected Object determineCurrentLookupKey() {

        DynamicDataSourceGlobal dynamicDataSourceGlobal = DynamicDataSourceHolder.getDataSource();

        if(dynamicDataSourceGlobal == null
                || dynamicDataSourceGlobal == DynamicDataSourceGlobal.WRITE) {
            return DynamicDataSourceGlobal.WRITE.name();
        }

        return DynamicDataSourceGlobal.READ.name();
    }

    public void setWriteDataSource(Object writeDataSource) {
        this.writeDataSource = writeDataSource;
    }

    public Object getWriteDataSource() {
        return writeDataSource;
    }

    public Object getReadDataSource() {
        return readDataSource;
    }

    public void setReadDataSource(Object readDataSource) {
        this.readDataSource = readDataSource;
    }
}

/**
 * Created by IDEA
 * User: mashaohua
 * Date: 2016-07-14 10:58
 * Desc:
 */
public enum DynamicDataSourceGlobal {
    READ, WRITE;
}

public final class DynamicDataSourceHolder {

    private static final ThreadLocal<DynamicDataSourceGlobal> holder = new ThreadLocal<DynamicDataSourceGlobal>();

    private DynamicDataSourceHolder() {
        //
    }

    public static void putDataSource(DynamicDataSourceGlobal dataSource){
        holder.set(dataSource);
    }

    public static DynamicDataSourceGlobal getDataSource(){
        return holder.get();
    }

    public static void clearDataSource() {
        holder.remove();
    }

}

import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionDefinition;

/**
 * Created by IDEA
 * User: mashaohua
 * Date: 2016-08-10 14:34
 * Desc:
 */
public class DynamicDataSourceTransactionManager extends DataSourceTransactionManager {

    /**
     * 只讀事務到讀庫，讀寫事務到寫庫
     * @param transaction
     * @param definition
     */
    @Override
    protected void doBegin(Object transaction, TransactionDefinition definition) {

        //設置數據源
        boolean readOnly = definition.isReadOnly();
        if(readOnly) {
            DynamicDataSourceHolder.putDataSource(DynamicDataSourceGlobal.READ);
        } else {
            DynamicDataSourceHolder.putDataSource(DynamicDataSourceGlobal.WRITE);
        }
        super.doBegin(transaction, definition);
    }

    /**
     * 清理本地線程的數據源
     * @param transaction
     */
    @Override
    protected void doCleanupAfterCompletion(Object transaction) {
        super.doCleanupAfterCompletion(transaction);
        DynamicDataSourceHolder.clearDataSource();
    }
}

import org.apache.ibatis.executor.Executor;
import org.apache.ibatis.executor.keygen.SelectKeyGenerator;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.BoundSql;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.MappedStatement;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.SqlCommandType;
import org.apache.ibatis.plugin.*;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.ResultHandler;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.RowBounds;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionSynchronizationManager;

import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;

/**
 * Created by IDEA
 * User: mashaohua
 * Date: 2016-08-10 11:09
 * Desc:
 */
@Intercepts({
@Signature(type = Executor.class, method = "update", args = {
        MappedStatement.class, Object.class }),
@Signature(type = Executor.class, method = "query", args = {
        MappedStatement.class, Object.class, RowBounds.class,
        ResultHandler.class }) })
public class DynamicPlugin implements Interceptor {

    protected static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DynamicPlugin.class);

    private static final String REGEX = ".*insert\\u0020.*|.*delete\\u0020.*|.*update\\u0020.*";

    private static final Map<String, DynamicDataSourceGlobal> cacheMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();

    @Override
    public Object intercept(Invocation invocation) throws Throwable {

        boolean synchronizationActive = TransactionSynchronizationManager.isSynchronizationActive();
        if(!synchronizationActive) {
            Object[] objects = invocation.getArgs();
            MappedStatement ms = (MappedStatement) objects[0];

            DynamicDataSourceGlobal dynamicDataSourceGlobal = null;

            if((dynamicDataSourceGlobal = cacheMap.get(ms.getId())) == null) {
                //讀方法
                if(ms.getSqlCommandType().equals(SqlCommandType.SELECT)) {
                    //!selectKey 為自增id查詢主鍵(SELECT LAST_INSERT_ID() )方法，使用主庫
                    if(ms.getId().contains(SelectKeyGenerator.SELECT_KEY_SUFFIX)) {
                        dynamicDataSourceGlobal = DynamicDataSourceGlobal.WRITE;
                    } else {
                        BoundSql boundSql = ms.getSqlSource().getBoundSql(objects[1]);
                        String sql = boundSql.getSql().toLowerCase(Locale.CHINA).replaceAll("[\\t\\n\\r]", " ");
                        if(sql.matches(REGEX)) {
                            dynamicDataSourceGlobal = DynamicDataSourceGlobal.WRITE;
                        } else {
                            dynamicDataSourceGlobal = DynamicDataSourceGlobal.READ;
                        }
                    }
                }else{
                    dynamicDataSourceGlobal = DynamicDataSourceGlobal.WRITE;
                }
                logger.warn("設置方法[{}] use [{}] Strategy, SqlCommandType [{}]..", ms.getId(), dynamicDataSourceGlobal.name(), ms.getSqlCommandType().name());
                cacheMap.put(ms.getId(), dynamicDataSourceGlobal);
            }
            DynamicDataSourceHolder.putDataSource(dynamicDataSourceGlobal);
        }

        return invocation.proceed();
    }

    @Override
    public Object plugin(Object target) {
        if (target instanceof Executor) {
            return Plugin.wrap(target, this);
        } else {
            return target;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void setProperties(Properties properties) {
        //
    }
}
最后編輯于 ：
?著作權歸作者所有,轉載或內容合作請聯系作者
平臺聲明：文章內容（如有圖片或視頻亦包括在內）由作者上傳并發布，文章內容僅代表作者本人觀點，簡書系信息發布平臺，僅提供信息存儲服務。

推薦閱讀更多精彩內容

  • Spring Cloud為開發人員提供了快速構建分布式系統中一些常見模式的工具（例如配置管理，服務發現，斷路器，智...
    卡卡羅2017閱讀 134,868評論 18贊 139
  • Spring Boot 參考指南 介紹 轉載自:https://www.gitbook.com/book/qbgb...
    毛宇鵬閱讀 46,937評論 6贊 342
  • 方案1 通過MyBatis配置文件創建讀寫分離兩個DataSource，每個SqlSessionFactoryBe...
    AbsurdOS閱讀 1,135評論 0贊 8
  • 人們去看這個世界，常常是用已有的知識去評判，去做比喻。其實這是一種思維局限的可怕之處在于人們無法去理解更高層次或者...
    啊哈吼吼吼閱讀 192評論 0贊 0
  • 初秋的夜，靜悄悄的，只剩下金燦燦的稻谷在交頭接耳。農忙馬上就要開始了。 夏顏的爹水清走在田埂上，溫柔地看著滿稻...
    我就是你不認識的我閱讀 424評論 0贊 0