Activity啟動流程
目的:
- 理清activity的生命周期管理與AMS之間的關系
一、理清activity的生命周期管理與AMS之間的關系
1、Launcher通知AMS啟動某個activity:
Launcher中:應用程序中開啟一個activity通過startActivitySafely()---->startActivity(),如果是程序內部啟動那么直接調用Activity中的startActivity(),被啟動的activity的參數包含在intent中,intent中的參數來自于.xml
文件,--->startActivityForResult()----> mInstrumentation.execStartActivity(this, mMainThread.getApplicationThread(), mToken, this,intent, requestCode, options),其中Instrumentation是用來監控應用程序與系統之間的交互,其中mMainThread是ActivityThread類的實例,.getApplicationThread()用于獲取內部的ApplicationThread的Binder對象(此處有疑問??);----->ActivityManagerNative.getDefault()
.startActivity(), .getDefault()通過ServerManager獲取AMS的代理對象"activity",代碼如下:
//ActivityManagerNative.java
private static final Singleton<IActivityManager> gDefault = new Singleton<IActivityManager>() {
protected IActivityManager create() {
IBinder b = ServiceManager.getService("activity"); //獲取代理對象
if (false) {
Log.v("ActivityManager", "default service binder = " + b);
}
IActivityManager am = asInterface(b);
if (false) {
Log.v("ActivityManager", "default service = " + am);
}
return am;
}
};
接著調用他的方法startActivity()通知AMS啟動相應的Activity,這里已經是binder通訊了。
startActivitySafely() <-----------------Launcher中,如果是在Launcher中點擊,從這一步開始
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startActivity() <-----------------Activity中,如果是程序中調用,從這一步開始
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startActivityForResult() <-----------------Activity中
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mInstrumentation.execStartActivity() <----------Instrumentation中
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ActivityManagerNative.getDefault().startActivity()<----------AMS的proxy
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...binder... Launcher--->AMS: Launcher請求啟動activity
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startActivity() ---------->通知AMS的Stub中startActivity(),即ActivityManagerService.java中的
至此Launcher中暫時結束!即Launcher進程會------>請求AMS啟動一個activity,具體是哪一個activity,看intent
2、AMS保存將要啟動的mainactivity,并且AMS處理Launcher向AMS發送的binder消息:START_ACTIVITY_TRANSACTION
startActivity() ------->AMS
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startActivityAsUser() ------->AMS
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mStackSupervisor.startActivityMayWait() ------->ActivityStackSupervisor.java
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startActivityLocked() ------->ActivityStackSupervisor.java
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startActivityUncheckedLocked()
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resumeTopActivitiesLocked(targetStack, null, options) ----->ActivityStack.java
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startPausingLocked() ----->ActivityStack.java
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prev.app.thread.schedulePauseActivity() ----->ActivityStack.java Proxy
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...binder... AMS--->Launcher: AMS請求Launcher Pause
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schedulePauseActivity() ------>ActivityThread.java Stub
//ActivityThread.java
public final void schedulePauseActivity(IBinder token, boolean finished,
boolean userLeaving, int configChanges, boolean dontReport) {
sendMessage(
finished ? H.PAUSE_ACTIVITY_FINISHING : H.PAUSE_ACTIVITY,
token,
(userLeaving ? 1 : 0) | (dontReport ? 2 : 0),
configChanges);
}
- mStackSupervisor.startActivityMayWait()中還會用binder和PMS通訊,解析intent中的界面內容,以便顯示
- mStackSupervisor是ActivityStackSupervisor的成員變量,用于描述Activity組件堆棧(疑問???)
- startPausingLocked()中又會涉及到一個binder通訊,這個是AMS向Launcher組件所在的應用程序進程發送通訊SCHEDULE_PAUSE_ACTIVITY_TRANSACTION:需要Pause掉Launcher了
至此AMS暫時結束,即AMS向Launcher組件所在的應用程序進程發送了SCHEDULE_PAUSE_ACTIVITY_TRANSACTION進程間通訊請求,請求內容是告訴Launcher組件Pause吧。當然其中會有一些列的異步超時處理。
- startPausingLocked()中又會涉及到一個binder通訊,這個是AMS向Launcher組件所在的應用程序進程發送通訊SCHEDULE_PAUSE_ACTIVITY_TRANSACTION:需要Pause掉Launcher了
3、Launcher收到Pause請求后的動作,并回復AMS(通過AMS的proxy)
schedulePauseActivity() ------>ActivityThread.java Stub
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sendMessage() ------>ActivityThread.java 果然這里是消息處理機制實現
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handleMessage(Message msg) ------>ActivityThread.java
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handlePauseActivity()
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performPauseActivity(token, finished, r.isPreHoneycomb()); ------>ActivityThread.java
ActivityManagerNative.getDefault().activityPaused(token) ------>ActivityThread.java AMS proxy
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...binder... Launcher--->AMS : Launcher告知AMS,Launcher已經Pause
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activityPaused(token) ------>AMS Stub
- activityPaused()獲取AMS的proxy,用于回復AMS:告訴AMS,Launcher已經進入Pause狀態了;AMS你可以繼續啟動Activity了。
- performPauseActivity()--->mInstrumentation.callActivityOnPause(r.activity)--->activity.performPause() ---> onPause() 這應該就是與APP繼承的 onPause()一致的。
疑問:
- 至此Launcher已經Paused了,并通過binder進程間通訊發送了ACTIVITY_PAUSED_TRANSACTION告知AMS。
4、AMS中處理Launcher發來的Paused通訊請求,并做相應處理
activityPaused(token) ------>AMS Stub
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activityPausedLocked() ------>ActivityStack.java
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completePauseLocked(true)
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finishCurrentActivityLocked()
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resumeTopActivityLocked()
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resumeTopActivityInnerLocked()
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startSpecificActivityLocked() ------->ActivityStackSupervisor.java
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startProcessLocked() ------->AMS
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startProcessLocked() ------->重載的函數, AMS (如果進程不在的話)
//AMS startProcessLocked()
checkTime(startTime, "startProcess: asking zygote to start proc");
Process.ProcessStartResult startResult = Process.start(entryPoint,
app.processName, uid, uid, gids, debugFlags, mountExternal,
app.info.targetSdkVersion, app.info.seinfo, requiredAbi, instructionSet,
app.info.dataDir, entryPointArgs);
checkTime(startTime, "startProcess: returned from zygote!");
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try {
return startViaZygote(processClass, niceName, uid, gid, gids,
debugFlags, mountExternal, targetSdkVersion, seInfo,
abi, instructionSet, appDataDir, zygoteArgs);
}
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zygoteSendArgsAndGetResult(openZygoteSocketIfNeeded(abi), argsForZygote)
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通知zygote孵化出新的虛擬機應用程序,并返回PID給AMS,新的應用程序啟動起來之后就會進入ActivityThread的main方法中。
至此,AMS就調用Process類創建了一個新的應用程序。并且,該進程的入口函數為main函數,接下來就是新的應用程序進程的工作了。
5、新的應用程序啟動之后,會向AMS發送一個啟動完成的進程間通訊。
main() ------->ActivityThread.java
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Looper.prepareMainLooper() ------->創建消息循環隊列,是當前應用進程進入消息循環隊列中
ActivityThread thread = new ActivityThread() 創建一個ActivityThread對象
attach(boolean system) ------->ActivityThread.java
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final IActivityManager mgr = ActivityManagerNative.getDefault();//獲取AMS的proxy
mgr.attachApplication(mAppThread) ----->AMS proxy,調用IActivityManager的接口通訊函數
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...binder... ActivityThread--->AMS: APP進程告知AMS啟動進程完成
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attachApplication(IApplicationThread thread) ----->AMS Stub
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Looper.loop()
至此,新的應用程序進程通過調用,thread.attach(false)調用attach()函數來向AMS的proxy發送一個進程間通訊回復ATTACH_APPLICATION_TRANSACTION:告訴AMS新的應用程序已經啟動完成。
6、 AMS將2步中保存的MainActivity信息,發送給第4步中創建的新應用程序,,以便它可以將MainActivity啟動起來
attachApplication(IApplicationThread thread) ----->AMS Stub
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attachApplicationLocked(IApplicationThread thread, int pid) ----->AMS
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attachApplicationLocked(ProcessRecord app) ----->ActivityStackSupervisor.java 重載
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realStartActivityLocked(hr, app, true, true) ----->ActivityStackSupervisor.java
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app.thread.scheduleLaunchActivity() ----->ActivityThread proxy
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...binder... AMS--->ActivityThread: AMS將MainActivity信息發送新進程
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scheduleLaunchActivity() ----->ActivityThread Stub
至此,AMS向ActivityThread發送進程間通訊SCHEDULE_LAUNCH_ACTIVITY_TRANSACTION
7、應用程序中執行最后工作
scheduleLaunchActivity() ----->ActivityThread Stub
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sendMessage(H.LAUNCH_ACTIVITY, r)
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handleMessage(Message msg)
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handleLaunchActivity(r, null)
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Activity a = performLaunchActivity(r, customIntent)
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mInstrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(activity, r.state) ------->Instrumentation.java
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activity.performCreate(icicle)
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onCreate(icicle) ------>Activity.java
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protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState)
APP中繼承的OnCreate()就被調用起來了,最后一步將Activity對象activity啟動起來了
注意:
1、mainActivity組件是由Launcher組件啟動的,Launcher組件又是通過AMS來啟動mainActivity的,因此會涉及到三個進程之間的binder通訊
2、AMS啟動是和PMS一樣,都在systemServer進程中啟動起來的,startBootstrapServices()函數中。
3、還得理清楚ActivityManagerService.java,ActivityManagerNative.java,IActivityManager.java之間的關系
- ActivityManagerService.java毋庸置疑肯定是Activity棧管理實現
- ActivityManagerNative.java根據代碼看,應該是BnXXXX和BpXXXX,也就是binder本地和代理,ActivityManagerService里面才是真正的物理實現。所有的通訊都是通過ActivityManagerNative處理的
- IActivityManager.java當然是接口類,ActivityManagerNative實現IActivityManager。
總結,問題:
- 目前只看到onCreate() 被調用的地方,其他的生命周期onRestart(),onStart(), onResume() ,onPause() ,onStop() ,onDestroy() 是怎么被AMS調用轉換的???
解:都在ActivityThread(UI主線程)管理的,當發生生命周期變換時,最終都會call到Activity.java中去,而這個文件正是APP中繼承的Activity。
應用進程啟動時會先創建Application對象,并執行Application對象的生命周期方法,然后才啟動應用的組件。
ActivityThread ---> performPauseActivity() ---> callActivityOnPause()--->performPause()--->onPause()
ActivityThread ---> performResumeActivity() --> performResume()--->onResume()
- 目前只看到onCreate() 被調用的地方,其他的生命周期onRestart(),onStart(), onResume() ,onPause() ,onStop() ,onDestroy() 是怎么被AMS調用轉換的???
private void handleLaunchActivity(ActivityClientRecord r, Intent customIntent, String reason) {
// If we are getting ready to gc after going to the background, well
// we are back active so skip it.
unscheduleGcIdler();
mSomeActivitiesChanged = true;
if (r.profilerInfo != null) {
mProfiler.setProfiler(r.profilerInfo);
mProfiler.startProfiling();
}
// Make sure we are running with the most recent config.
handleConfigurationChanged(null, null);
// Initialize before creating the activity
WindowManagerGlobal.initialize();
Activity a = performLaunchActivity(r, customIntent);
if (a != null) {
r.createdConfig = new Configuration(mConfiguration);
reportSizeConfigurations(r);
Bundle oldState = r.state;
handleResumeActivity(r.token, false, r.isForward,
!r.activity.mFinished && !r.startsNotResumed, r.lastProcessedSeq, reason); // launch之后緊接著調用ResumeActivity
if (!r.activity.mFinished && r.startsNotResumed) {
performPauseActivityIfNeeded(r, reason);
if (r.isPreHoneycomb()) {
r.state = oldState;
}
}
}
}
...
- ActivityStack堆棧組件???
解:mStackSupervisor是ActivityStackSupervisor的成員變量,用于描述Activity組件堆棧
在startActivityLocked方法里,對傳過來的參數做一些校驗,然后創建ActivityRecord對象,再調用startActivityUncheckedLocked方法啟動Activity。
startActivityUncheckedLocked方法負責調度ActivityRecord和Task,理解該方法是理解Actvity啟動模式的關鍵。
- ActivityStack堆棧組件???
- Activity與Window對應關系?