一、首先理解@Bean注解
1、@Bean表示方法產生一個由Spring管理的bean,屬性的名稱語義與Spring XML中的 標簽配置的一樣,源碼如下:
@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.ANNOTATION_TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface Bean {
@AliasFor("name")
String[] value() default {};
@AliasFor("value")
String[] name() default {};
@Deprecated
Autowire autowire() default Autowire.NO;
boolean autowireCandidate() default true;
String initMethod() default "";
String destroyMethod() default AbstractBeanDefinition.INFER_METHOD;
}
@Bean 用在方法上(此方法需要有返回值),表示可以通過編程手段自行對需要初始化的對象進行賦值。
例如:
@Bean
public RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory)
{
RedisTemplate<Object, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();
template.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
FastJson2JsonRedisSerializer serializer = new FastJson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
mapper.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
mapper.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
serializer.setObjectMapper(mapper);
template.setValueSerializer(serializer);
// 使用StringRedisSerializer來序列化和反序列化redis的key值
template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
template.afterPropertiesSet();
return template;
}
2、IOC容器會掃描到有@Bean注解的方法,會將此方法的返回值作為一個bean管理起來,并會執行整個bean生命周期。
二、@Configuration注解
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Component
public @interface Configuration {
@AliasFor(annotation = Component.class)
String value() default "";
boolean proxyBeanMethods() default true;
}
使用proxyBeanMethods的流程圖如下,具體的可以閱讀源碼
image.png
void validate(ProblemReporter problemReporter) {
// A configuration class may not be final (CGLIB limitation) unless it declares proxyBeanMethods=false
Map<String, Object> attributes = this.metadata.getAnnotationAttributes(Configuration.class.getName());
if (attributes != null && (Boolean) attributes.get("proxyBeanMethods")) {
if (this.metadata.isFinal()) {
problemReporter.error(new FinalConfigurationProblem());
}
for (BeanMethod beanMethod : this.beanMethods) {
beanMethod.validate(problemReporter);
}
}
}
測試代碼,可調整SpringConfig類上的proxyBeanMethods的值,觀察輸出結果
public class User {
String id;
String name;
public User(String id, String name) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
}
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
public class SpringConfig {
@Bean
public User myUser() {
User user = new User("1","green");
return user;
}
}
@SpringBootApplication(scanBasePackages={"cn.hutool.extra.spring"})
public class MySpringApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MySpringApplication.class,args);
User user1 = SpringUtil.getBean(User.class);
User user2 = SpringUtil.getBean(User.class);
System.out.println(user1);
System.out.println(user2);
SpringConfig config = SpringUtil.getBean(SpringConfig.class);
User user3 = config.myUser();
System.out.println(user3);
User user4 = SpringUtil.getBean(User.class);
System.out.println(user4);
}
}
最終結論:
1、配置類上有了proxyBeanMethods=false后,表示配置類不會被代理,可以提高容器的初始化性能。其差別,主要再使用@Bean的方法上
(1)proxyBeanMethods=true,會給config類生成代理對象,當直接調用方法時,不會生成新的對象,會從spring 容器中獲取
(2)proxyBeanMethods=false,不會給config類生成代理對象,當直接調用方法時,會生成新的對象,
2、如果配置類中的方法沒有調用關系,則可以把proxyBeanMethods 設置為 false。如果存在以下情況,則需要將proxyBeanMethods 設置為 true(如果是fasle,Idea中會提示編譯報錯)
@Bean
public User hisUser() {
// 內部調用
User yourUser = this.yourUser();
User hUser = new User("2","his");
hUser.setName(hUser.getName() + yourUser.getName());
return hisUser();
}
@Bean
public User yourUser() {
User user = new User("1","your");
return user;
}