Spring源碼分析之Bean的解析

作者: 一字馬胡
轉載標志 【2017-12-28】

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2017-12-28 創建分析文檔 Spring源碼分析系列文章(一)

前言

Spring源碼分析是一個系列,源碼是Spring 4.X,本系列主要分析Spring的代碼執行流程,過于細節的內容將不會涉及太多,主要是為了理清Spring的執行流程,比如Bean的解析是如何進行的,解析完成之后是如何進行加載的等等,對于在Bean的解析過程中涉及的一些細節很大可能不會在本系列的分析中找到,本系列的每一篇文章都是基于Spring源碼的某條主要線索來進行,因為Spring的設計很復雜,并且它是一個工業級的優秀框架,所以未免會進行非常細節的考慮,如果想了解Spring源碼中的某個細節,需要自行去研讀源碼來尋求答案,本系列的文章可以為那些希望對Spring的源碼進行更為深度剖析的讀者提供源碼分析的思路,以至于不會在分析源碼的時候迷失在復雜環繞的分支中找不到位置。

還需要說明的一點是,本系列文章都會包含大量的源碼,有些源碼將包含完整的方法內容,而有些會僅僅提供一條類似于:Class#method的索引,讀者可以根據這些索引在源碼中找到相應的位置,然后繼續分析下去。對于一些方法,本系列的文章內容中出現的源碼可能是經過處理的,比如會將異常處理的代碼去掉,以及那些無關主要流程的代碼去掉,留下那些和分析主線有關的代碼,這樣做的好處是可以避免貼出大量代碼的困擾,并且可以使得每一個方法看起來都是清晰明了的,有助于理解正在分析的流程。

從例子出發

下面是一個使用Spring的簡單例子,這個例子需要有一個model類,一個Spring xml配置文件,以及一個使用Spring的入口類:


public class ModelA {
    private int value;
    private String str;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "[" + value + ":" + str + "]";
    }

    public void setValue(int value) {
        this.value = value;
    }

    public void setStr(String str) {
        this.str = str;
    }
}

public class BaseXmlDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String file = "applicationContext.xml";

        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(file);

        ModelA modelA = (ModelA) context.getBean("modelA");

        System.out.println(modelA);
    }

}

================Spring xml ============

    <bean id="modelA" class="io.spring.ModelA">
        <property name="value" value="1993"/>
        <property name="str" value="hello"/>
    </bean>

本文Spring源碼分析的主題是Spring bean的解析,所謂bean的解析就是將我們的xml文件中的bean解析出來,上面的入口看到使用的是ClassPathXmlApplicationContext來獲取ApplicationContext,所以,本次分析的入口也就從ClassPathXmlApplicationContext類中相應的構造函數開始。首先是調用了下面的構造函數:


    public ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(String configLocation) throws BeansException {
        this(new String[] {configLocation}, true, null);
    }
    
    public ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
            String[] configLocations, boolean refresh, @Nullable ApplicationContext parent)
            throws BeansException {

        super(parent);
        setConfigLocations(configLocations);
        if (refresh) {
            refresh();
        }
    }   

如果害怕迷失在源碼中,可以選擇一個我們關注的角色來跟蹤代碼,比如我們在bean解析分析的時候,首要關注的應該是我們傳遞進去的xml文件,所以可以在源碼中跟蹤我們傳遞的文件到底到了哪里,然后進行了什么操作。在上面的第二個構造函數中,首先一個比較關系的方法調用是setConfigLocations,這是將我們的xml文件保存起來了,bean的解析來源就是這個xml文件(所以可以看到底是哪個類在什么時候get了這個location)。當然,在這個構造函數中最為重要的一個方法調用是refresh方法,跟蹤進去之后發現到達了AbstractApplicationContext#refresh(),下面是該方法的細節:


AbstractApplicationContext#refresh()



@Override
    public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
        synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
            // Prepare this context for refreshing.
            prepareRefresh();

            // Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
            ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();

            // Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
            prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);

            try {
                // Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
                postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);

                // Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
                invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

                // Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
                registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);

                // Initialize message source for this context.
                initMessageSource();

                // Initialize event multicaster for this context.
                initApplicationEventMulticaster();

                // Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
                onRefresh();

                // Check for listener beans and register them.
                registerListeners();

                // Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
                finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);

                // Last step: publish corresponding event.
                finishRefresh();
            }
        }
    }

這個方法中調用了大量的方法,但是現在我關系的只有一個:obtainFreshBeanFactory,下面是該方法的細節:


AbstractApplicationContext#obtainFreshBeanFactory



    protected ConfigurableListableBeanFactory obtainFreshBeanFactory() {
        refreshBeanFactory();
        ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = getBeanFactory();
        if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
            logger.debug("Bean factory for " + getDisplayName() + ": " + beanFactory);
        }
        return beanFactory;
    }

在這個方法里需要注意的方法調用是refreshBeanFactory,下面展示了某個refreshBeanFactory方法的實現細節:


AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext#refreshBeanFactory



    protected final void refreshBeanFactory() throws BeansException {
        if (hasBeanFactory()) {
            destroyBeans();
            closeBeanFactory();
        }
        try {
            DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = createBeanFactory();
            beanFactory.setSerializationId(getId());
            customizeBeanFactory(beanFactory);
            loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory);
            synchronized (this.beanFactoryMonitor) {
                this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
            }
        }
        catch (IOException ex) {
            throw new ApplicationContextException("I/O error parsing bean definition source for " + getDisplayName(), ex);
        }
    }

在這個方法需要關系的是loadBeanDefinitions:


AbstractXmlApplicationContext#loadBeanDefinitions



    protected void loadBeanDefinitions(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException, IOException {
        // Create a new XmlBeanDefinitionReader for the given BeanFactory.
        XmlBeanDefinitionReader beanDefinitionReader = new XmlBeanDefinitionReader(beanFactory);

        // Configure the bean definition reader with this context's
        // resource loading environment.
        beanDefinitionReader.setEnvironment(this.getEnvironment());
        beanDefinitionReader.setResourceLoader(this);
        beanDefinitionReader.setEntityResolver(new ResourceEntityResolver(this));

        // Allow a subclass to provide custom initialization of the reader,
        // then proceed with actually loading the bean definitions.
        initBeanDefinitionReader(beanDefinitionReader);
        loadBeanDefinitions(beanDefinitionReader);
    }

在這個方法內,首先new了一個XmlBeanDefinitionReader對象,根據名字可以猜測這個XmlBeanDefinitionReader對象的作用是實際進行xml文件讀取并且進行解析的對象,后面再看具體是什么功能。還需要注意的是在new XmlBeanDefinitionReader對象的時候傳遞了當前的beanFactory,也就是說new出來的XmlBeanDefinitionReader其實是作為當前beanFactory的puppet而存在的,后續任何對該XmlBeanDefinitionReader的操作都會或多或少和我們設置的beanFactory有關。

然后,我們需要關系的一個方法調用是loadBeanDefinitions:


AbstractXmlApplicationContext#loadBeanDefinitions



    protected void loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader reader) throws BeansException, IOException {
        Resource[] configResources = getConfigResources();
        if (configResources != null) {
            reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configResources);
        }
        String[] configLocations = getConfigLocations();
        if (configLocations != null) {
            reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configLocations);
        }
    }

好吧,前面埋下的伏筆這里終于用上了,前面提到我們需要關系的是我們傳遞的xml文件到底是被誰以及到底是在什么時候進行get的,這里可以看到loadBeanDefinitions這個方法調用了getConfigResources來獲取了我們傳遞的xml文件。為了降低分析源碼的復雜度,我們假設第一個if是true,那么就會調用reader.loadBeanDefinitions進行解析操作。這個reader就是上面我們分析的那個new出來的XmlBeanDefinitionReader。按照猜測,下面應該開始進行xml的解析了吧?


AbstractBeanDefinitionReader#loadBeanDefinitions



    public int loadBeanDefinitions(Resource... resources) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
        Assert.notNull(resources, "Resource array must not be null");
        int counter = 0;
        for (Resource resource : resources) {
            counter += loadBeanDefinitions(resource);
        }
        return counter;
    }

很遺憾的是開始沒有開始進行xml解析,但是我們發現這個方法中調用了一個同名的方法loadBeanDefinitions,下面來看看這個方法的細節:


XmlBeanDefinitionReader#loadBeanDefinitions



    public int loadBeanDefinitions(Resource resource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
        return loadBeanDefinitions(new EncodedResource(resource));
    }
    
    public int loadBeanDefinitions(EncodedResource encodedResource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
        Assert.notNull(encodedResource, "EncodedResource must not be null");
        if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
            logger.info("Loading XML bean definitions from " + encodedResource.getResource());
        }

        Set<EncodedResource> currentResources = this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.get();
        if (currentResources == null) {
            currentResources = new HashSet<>(4);
            this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.set(currentResources);
        }
        if (!currentResources.add(encodedResource)) {
            throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
                    "Detected cyclic loading of " + encodedResource + " - check your import definitions!");
        }
        try {
            InputStream inputStream = encodedResource.getResource().getInputStream();
            try {
                InputSource inputSource = new InputSource(inputStream);
                if (encodedResource.getEncoding() != null) {
                    inputSource.setEncoding(encodedResource.getEncoding());
                }
                return doLoadBeanDefinitions(inputSource, encodedResource.getResource());
            }
            finally {
                inputStream.close();
            }
        }
        catch (IOException ex) {
            throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
                    "IOException parsing XML document from " + encodedResource.getResource(), ex);
        }
        finally {
            currentResources.remove(encodedResource);
            if (currentResources.isEmpty()) {
                this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.remove();
            }
        }
    }   

就算走到這里,還是沒有開始看到實際解析bean的細節,但是我們可以發現又一個關鍵的方法調用doLoadBeanDefinitions,下面是這個方法的實現細節:


XmlBeanDefinitionReader#doLoadBeanDefinitions




    protected int doLoadBeanDefinitions(InputSource inputSource, Resource resource)
            throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
            Document doc = doLoadDocument(inputSource, resource);
            return registerBeanDefinitions(doc, resource);

    }
    

走到這里,終于看到了我們想要看到的一點內容,那就是Document,這個Document對象是通過調用方法doLoadDocument來獲取到的,大概的意思就是將xml加載到內容,并且解析成一個Document對象,后續的解析將基于該Document對象。前面那個doLoadDocument方法的細節就不分析了,直接看我們比較關心的registerBeanDefinitions方法:


XmlBeanDefinitionReader#registerBeanDefinitions



    public int registerBeanDefinitions(Document doc, Resource resource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
        BeanDefinitionDocumentReader documentReader = createBeanDefinitionDocumentReader();
        int countBefore = getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount();
        documentReader.registerBeanDefinitions(doc, createReaderContext(resource));
        return getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount() - countBefore;
    }

這個方法中主要的流程代碼是documentReader.registerBeanDefinitions,接著看這個方法的細節:


DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader#registerBeanDefinitions



    public void registerBeanDefinitions(Document doc, XmlReaderContext readerContext) {
        this.readerContext = readerContext;
        logger.debug("Loading bean definitions");
        Element root = doc.getDocumentElement();
        doRegisterBeanDefinitions(root);
    }

繼續關注該方法中的關鍵方法調用:doRegisterBeanDefinitions


DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.doRegisterBeanDefinitions



    protected void doRegisterBeanDefinitions(Element root) {
        // Any nested <beans> elements will cause recursion in this method. In
        // order to propagate and preserve <beans> default-* attributes correctly,
        // keep track of the current (parent) delegate, which may be null. Create
        // the new (child) delegate with a reference to the parent for fallback purposes,
        // then ultimately reset this.delegate back to its original (parent) reference.
        // this behavior emulates a stack of delegates without actually necessitating one.
        BeanDefinitionParserDelegate parent = this.delegate;
        this.delegate = createDelegate(getReaderContext(), root, parent);

        if (this.delegate.isDefaultNamespace(root)) {
            String profileSpec = root.getAttribute(PROFILE_ATTRIBUTE);
            if (StringUtils.hasText(profileSpec)) {
                String[] specifiedProfiles = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(
                        profileSpec, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.MULTI_VALUE_ATTRIBUTE_DELIMITERS);
                if (!getReaderContext().getEnvironment().acceptsProfiles(specifiedProfiles)) {
                    if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
                        logger.info("Skipped XML bean definition file due to specified profiles [" + profileSpec +
                                "] not matching: " + getReaderContext().getResource());
                    }
                    return;
                }
            }
        }

        preProcessXml(root);
        parseBeanDefinitions(root, this.delegate);
        postProcessXml(root);

        this.delegate = parent;
    }

主要看最后的三個方法調用,分別代表在進行bean解析之前的以及之后的一些處理,主要看parseBeanDefinitions方法調用:


DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader#parseBeanDefinitions



    protected void parseBeanDefinitions(Element root, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
        if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(root)) {
            NodeList nl = root.getChildNodes();
            for (int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i++) {
                Node node = nl.item(i);
                if (node instanceof Element) {
                    Element ele = (Element) node;
                    if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(ele)) {
                        parseDefaultElement(ele, delegate);
                    }
                    else {
                        delegate.parseCustomElement(ele);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        else {
            delegate.parseCustomElement(root);
        }
    }

從某種意義上來說,該方法是一個facade,從這個方法開始才是真正進行bean解析的內容,解析會分成默認標簽的解析以及自定義標簽的解析,關于Spring自定義標簽的相關內容,可以參考文章淺析Spring自定義標簽的使用,本文將主要關注默認標簽的解析流程,涉及自定義標簽的解析的內容可以自行研讀相關代碼,入口在上面的這個parseBeanDefinitions方法中的delegate.parseCustomElement(root)代碼,默認標簽的解析調用的方法是parseDefaultElement,下面來看這個方法的實現細節:


DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader#parseDefaultElement



    private void parseDefaultElement(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
        if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, IMPORT_ELEMENT)) {
            importBeanDefinitionResource(ele);
        }
        else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, ALIAS_ELEMENT)) {
            processAliasRegistration(ele);
        }
        else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, BEAN_ELEMENT)) {
            processBeanDefinition(ele, delegate);
        }
        else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, NESTED_BEANS_ELEMENT)) {
            // recurse
            doRegisterBeanDefinitions(ele);
        }
    }

走到這里已經可以很清晰后續的流程了,默認標簽這么幾個:

  • import
  • alias
  • bean
  • beans

為了避免重復分析代碼,挑選其中我們最常用的bean標簽來進行后續流程的分析,如果是解析bean標簽,會調用processBeanDefinition方法來進行,下面來看該方法的實現細節:


DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.processBeanDefinition



    /**
     * Process the given bean element, parsing the bean definition
     * and registering it with the registry.
     */
    protected void processBeanDefinition(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
        BeanDefinitionHolder bdHolder = delegate.parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele);
        if (bdHolder != null) {
            bdHolder = delegate.decorateBeanDefinitionIfRequired(ele, bdHolder);
            try {
                // Register the final decorated instance.
                BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition(bdHolder, getReaderContext().getRegistry());
            }
            catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
                getReaderContext().error("Failed to register bean definition with name '" +
                        bdHolder.getBeanName() + "'", ele, ex);
            }
            // Send registration event.
            getReaderContext().fireComponentRegistered(new BeanComponentDefinition(bdHolder));
        }
    }

該方法的第一個方法調用很值得關注,delegate.parseBeanDefinitionElement,下面來先看看該方法的實現細節:


BeanDefinitionParserDelegate#parseBeanDefinitionElement



    public BeanDefinitionHolder parseBeanDefinitionElement(Element ele) {
        return parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele, null);
    }

    public BeanDefinitionHolder parseBeanDefinitionElement(Element ele, @Nullable BeanDefinition containingBean) {
        String id = ele.getAttribute(ID_ATTRIBUTE);
        String nameAttr = ele.getAttribute(NAME_ATTRIBUTE);

        List<String> aliases = new ArrayList<>();
        if (StringUtils.hasLength(nameAttr)) {
            String[] nameArr = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(nameAttr, MULTI_VALUE_ATTRIBUTE_DELIMITERS);
            aliases.addAll(Arrays.asList(nameArr));
        }

        String beanName = id;
        if (!StringUtils.hasText(beanName) && !aliases.isEmpty()) {
            beanName = aliases.remove(0);
            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                logger.debug("No XML 'id' specified - using '" + beanName +
                        "' as bean name and " + aliases + " as aliases");
            }
        }

        if (containingBean == null) {
            checkNameUniqueness(beanName, aliases, ele);
        }

        AbstractBeanDefinition beanDefinition = parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele, beanName, containingBean);
        if (beanDefinition != null) {
            if (!StringUtils.hasText(beanName)) {
                try {
                    if (containingBean != null) {
                        beanName = BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.generateBeanName(
                                beanDefinition, this.readerContext.getRegistry(), true);
                    }
                    else {
                        beanName = this.readerContext.generateBeanName(beanDefinition);
                        // Register an alias for the plain bean class name, if still possible,
                        // if the generator returned the class name plus a suffix.
                        // This is expected for Spring 1.2/2.0 backwards compatibility.
                        String beanClassName = beanDefinition.getBeanClassName();
                        if (beanClassName != null &&
                                beanName.startsWith(beanClassName) && beanName.length() > beanClassName.length() &&
                                !this.readerContext.getRegistry().isBeanNameInUse(beanClassName)) {
                            aliases.add(beanClassName);
                        }
                    }
                    if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                        logger.debug("Neither XML 'id' nor 'name' specified - " +
                                "using generated bean name [" + beanName + "]");
                    }
                }
                catch (Exception ex) {
                    error(ex.getMessage(), ele);
                    return null;
                }
            }
            String[] aliasesArray = StringUtils.toStringArray(aliases);
            return new BeanDefinitionHolder(beanDefinition, beanName, aliasesArray);
        }

        return null;
    }

這個方法相對較長,看起來很復雜,來看看到底該方法干了什么:

  1. 獲取bean的name和id以及aliases等屬性
  2. 檢測是否名字重復了,也就是說我們的bean的id是不能重復的。具體檢測是否重復的方法是checkNameUniqueness,具體的細節可以看該方法的實現細節
  3. 調用parseBeanDefinitionElement獲取該bean的AbstractBeanDefinition
  4. 根據上面這些信息來組裝出一個BeanDefinitionHolder返回

下面來看一下parseBeanDefinitionElement這個方法的具體實現細節:


BeanDefinitionParserDelegate#parseBeanDefinitionElement



public AbstractBeanDefinition parseBeanDefinitionElement(
            Element ele, String beanName, @Nullable BeanDefinition containingBean) {

        this.parseState.push(new BeanEntry(beanName));

        String className = null;
        if (ele.hasAttribute(CLASS_ATTRIBUTE)) {
            className = ele.getAttribute(CLASS_ATTRIBUTE).trim();
        }
        String parent = null;
        if (ele.hasAttribute(PARENT_ATTRIBUTE)) {
            parent = ele.getAttribute(PARENT_ATTRIBUTE);
        }

        try {
            AbstractBeanDefinition bd = createBeanDefinition(className, parent);

            parseBeanDefinitionAttributes(ele, beanName, containingBean, bd);
            bd.setDescription(DomUtils.getChildElementValueByTagName(ele, DESCRIPTION_ELEMENT));

            parseMetaElements(ele, bd);
            parseLookupOverrideSubElements(ele, bd.getMethodOverrides());
            parseReplacedMethodSubElements(ele, bd.getMethodOverrides());

            parseConstructorArgElements(ele, bd);
            parsePropertyElements(ele, bd);
            parseQualifierElements(ele, bd);

            bd.setResource(this.readerContext.getResource());
            bd.setSource(extractSource(ele));

            return bd;
        }
        catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
            error("Bean class [" + className + "] not found", ele, ex);
        }
        catch (NoClassDefFoundError err) {
            error("Class that bean class [" + className + "] depends on not found", ele, err);
        }
        catch (Throwable ex) {
            error("Unexpected failure during bean definition parsing", ele, ex);
        }
        finally {
            this.parseState.pop();
        }

        return null;
    }

獲取className以及parent信息,然后根據className和parent構造出一個AbstractBeanDefinition,調用的方法是createBeanDefinition,細節如下:


BeanDefinitionReaderUtils#createBeanDefinition



    public static AbstractBeanDefinition createBeanDefinition(
            @Nullable String parentName, @Nullable String className, @Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) throws ClassNotFoundException {

        GenericBeanDefinition bd = new GenericBeanDefinition();
        bd.setParentName(parentName);
        if (className != null) {
            if (classLoader != null) {
                bd.setBeanClass(ClassUtils.forName(className, classLoader));
            }
            else {
                bd.setBeanClassName(className);
            }
        }
        return bd;
    }

接著分別調用了一些關鍵方法來解析bean的相關內容,比如parseBeanDefinitionAttributes、parseMetaElements、parseConstructorArgElements,首先來看parseBeanDefinitionAttributes:


BeanDefinitionParserDelegate#parseBeanDefinitionAttributes



    public AbstractBeanDefinition parseBeanDefinitionAttributes(Element ele, String beanName,
            @Nullable BeanDefinition containingBean, AbstractBeanDefinition bd) {

        if (ele.hasAttribute(SINGLETON_ATTRIBUTE)) {
            error("Old 1.x 'singleton' attribute in use - upgrade to 'scope' declaration", ele);
        }
        else if (ele.hasAttribute(SCOPE_ATTRIBUTE)) {
            bd.setScope(ele.getAttribute(SCOPE_ATTRIBUTE));
        }
        else if (containingBean != null) {
            // Take default from containing bean in case of an inner bean definition.
            bd.setScope(containingBean.getScope());
        }

        if (ele.hasAttribute(ABSTRACT_ATTRIBUTE)) {
            bd.setAbstract(TRUE_VALUE.equals(ele.getAttribute(ABSTRACT_ATTRIBUTE)));
        }

        String lazyInit = ele.getAttribute(LAZY_INIT_ATTRIBUTE);
        if (DEFAULT_VALUE.equals(lazyInit)) {
            lazyInit = this.defaults.getLazyInit();
        }
        bd.setLazyInit(TRUE_VALUE.equals(lazyInit));

        String autowire = ele.getAttribute(AUTOWIRE_ATTRIBUTE);
        bd.setAutowireMode(getAutowireMode(autowire));

        if (ele.hasAttribute(DEPENDS_ON_ATTRIBUTE)) {
            String dependsOn = ele.getAttribute(DEPENDS_ON_ATTRIBUTE);
            bd.setDependsOn(StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(dependsOn, MULTI_VALUE_ATTRIBUTE_DELIMITERS));
        }

        String autowireCandidate = ele.getAttribute(AUTOWIRE_CANDIDATE_ATTRIBUTE);
        if ("".equals(autowireCandidate) || DEFAULT_VALUE.equals(autowireCandidate)) {
            String candidatePattern = this.defaults.getAutowireCandidates();
            if (candidatePattern != null) {
                String[] patterns = StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(candidatePattern);
                bd.setAutowireCandidate(PatternMatchUtils.simpleMatch(patterns, beanName));
            }
        }
        else {
            bd.setAutowireCandidate(TRUE_VALUE.equals(autowireCandidate));
        }

        if (ele.hasAttribute(PRIMARY_ATTRIBUTE)) {
            bd.setPrimary(TRUE_VALUE.equals(ele.getAttribute(PRIMARY_ATTRIBUTE)));
        }

        if (ele.hasAttribute(INIT_METHOD_ATTRIBUTE)) {
            String initMethodName = ele.getAttribute(INIT_METHOD_ATTRIBUTE);
            bd.setInitMethodName(initMethodName);
        }
        else if (this.defaults.getInitMethod() != null) {
            bd.setInitMethodName(this.defaults.getInitMethod());
            bd.setEnforceInitMethod(false);
        }

        if (ele.hasAttribute(DESTROY_METHOD_ATTRIBUTE)) {
            String destroyMethodName = ele.getAttribute(DESTROY_METHOD_ATTRIBUTE);
            bd.setDestroyMethodName(destroyMethodName);
        }
        else if (this.defaults.getDestroyMethod() != null) {
            bd.setDestroyMethodName(this.defaults.getDestroyMethod());
            bd.setEnforceDestroyMethod(false);
        }

        if (ele.hasAttribute(FACTORY_METHOD_ATTRIBUTE)) {
            bd.setFactoryMethodName(ele.getAttribute(FACTORY_METHOD_ATTRIBUTE));
        }
        if (ele.hasAttribute(FACTORY_BEAN_ATTRIBUTE)) {
            bd.setFactoryBeanName(ele.getAttribute(FACTORY_BEAN_ATTRIBUTE));
        }

        return bd;
    }

可以很清楚的知道該方法到底在干什么,具體內容就不再贅述了,讀一遍就知道具體的實現內容了,接著看parseMetaElements:


BeanDefinitionParserDelegate#parseMetaElements



    public void parseMetaElements(Element ele, BeanMetadataAttributeAccessor attributeAccessor) {
        NodeList nl = ele.getChildNodes();
        for (int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i++) {
            Node node = nl.item(i);
            if (isCandidateElement(node) && nodeNameEquals(node, META_ELEMENT)) {
                Element metaElement = (Element) node;
                String key = metaElement.getAttribute(KEY_ATTRIBUTE);
                String value = metaElement.getAttribute(VALUE_ATTRIBUTE);
                BeanMetadataAttribute attribute = new BeanMetadataAttribute(key, value);
                attribute.setSource(extractSource(metaElement));
                attributeAccessor.addMetadataAttribute(attribute);
            }
        }
    }

最后是parseConstructorArgElements:


BeanDefinitionParserDelegate#parseConstructorArgElements



    /**
     * Parse constructor-arg sub-elements of the given bean element.
     */
    public void parseConstructorArgElements(Element beanEle, BeanDefinition bd) {
        NodeList nl = beanEle.getChildNodes();
        for (int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i++) {
            Node node = nl.item(i);
            if (isCandidateElement(node) && nodeNameEquals(node, CONSTRUCTOR_ARG_ELEMENT)) {
                parseConstructorArgElement((Element) node, bd);
            }
        }
    }

這里面又調用看了一個重要的方法parseConstructorArgElement,該方法很簡單但是很長,所以在此不再貼出來了,可以跟蹤進去看看到底該方法實現了些什么內容,以及到底是怎么實現的。其他的parseXXX方法就不再贅述了,點到為止。全部的parseXXX方法調用可以參考下面的代碼:

現在回到processBeanDefinition方法,接著分析接下來的流程。執行完 delegate.parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele)之后獲取到了一個BeanDefinitionHolder對象,接著來分析一個關鍵的方法BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition,下面是它的實現細節:


BeanDefinitionReaderUtils#registerBeanDefinition



    public static void registerBeanDefinition(
            BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry)
            throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {

        // Register bean definition under primary name.
        String beanName = definitionHolder.getBeanName();
        registry.registerBeanDefinition(beanName, definitionHolder.getBeanDefinition());

        // Register aliases for bean name, if any.
        String[] aliases = definitionHolder.getAliases();
        if (aliases != null) {
            for (String alias : aliases) {
                registry.registerAlias(beanName, alias);
            }
        }
    }

然后獲取到了beanName,然后調用了BeanDefinitionRegistry對象的register方法進行bean注冊,需要知道的一點是,走到這里,我們的bean已經解析完成了,也就是說,我們在xml里面配置的bean已經被解析好了,并且已經放到了內存中了,當然現在還需要將解析好的bean注冊到Spring容器中去,下面來繼續分析接下來的流程:


DefaultListableBeanFactory#registerBeanDefinition



public void registerBeanDefinition(String beanName, BeanDefinition beanDefinition)
            throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {

        Assert.hasText(beanName, "Bean name must not be empty");
        Assert.notNull(beanDefinition, "BeanDefinition must not be null");

        if (beanDefinition instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition) {
            try {
                ((AbstractBeanDefinition) beanDefinition).validate();
            }
            catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
                throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                        "Validation of bean definition failed", ex);
            }
        }

        BeanDefinition oldBeanDefinition;

        oldBeanDefinition = this.beanDefinitionMap.get(beanName);
        if (oldBeanDefinition != null) {
            if (!isAllowBeanDefinitionOverriding()) {
                throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                        "Cannot register bean definition [" + beanDefinition + "] for bean '" + beanName +
                        "': There is already [" + oldBeanDefinition + "] bound.");
            }
            else if (oldBeanDefinition.getRole() < beanDefinition.getRole()) {
                // e.g. was ROLE_APPLICATION, now overriding with ROLE_SUPPORT or ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE
                if (this.logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
                    this.logger.warn("Overriding user-defined bean definition for bean '" + beanName +
                            "' with a framework-generated bean definition: replacing [" +
                            oldBeanDefinition + "] with [" + beanDefinition + "]");
                }
            }
            else if (!beanDefinition.equals(oldBeanDefinition)) {
                if (this.logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
                    this.logger.info("Overriding bean definition for bean '" + beanName +
                            "' with a different definition: replacing [" + oldBeanDefinition +
                            "] with [" + beanDefinition + "]");
                }
            }
            else {
                if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    this.logger.debug("Overriding bean definition for bean '" + beanName +
                            "' with an equivalent definition: replacing [" + oldBeanDefinition +
                            "] with [" + beanDefinition + "]");
                }
            }
            this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition);
        }
        else {
            if (hasBeanCreationStarted()) {
                // Cannot modify startup-time collection elements anymore (for stable iteration)
                synchronized (this.beanDefinitionMap) {
                    this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition);
                    List<String> updatedDefinitions = new ArrayList<>(this.beanDefinitionNames.size() + 1);
                    updatedDefinitions.addAll(this.beanDefinitionNames);
                    updatedDefinitions.add(beanName);
                    this.beanDefinitionNames = updatedDefinitions;
                    if (this.manualSingletonNames.contains(beanName)) {
                        Set<String> updatedSingletons = new LinkedHashSet<>(this.manualSingletonNames);
                        updatedSingletons.remove(beanName);
                        this.manualSingletonNames = updatedSingletons;
                    }
                }
            }
            else {
                // Still in startup registration phase
                this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition);
                this.beanDefinitionNames.add(beanName);
                this.manualSingletonNames.remove(beanName);
            }
            this.frozenBeanDefinitionNames = null;
        }

        if (oldBeanDefinition != null || containsSingleton(beanName)) {
            resetBeanDefinition(beanName);
        }
    }

這個方法的意思大概是,檢測是否已經有同名的bean被注冊過了,如果被注冊過了那么就要拋出異常,因為Spring不支持同名bean存在。中間通過了大量的判斷,如果順利的話,這個bean會被存儲到一個map中去,這個map的定義如下:


    /** Map of bean definition objects, keyed by bean name */
    private final Map<String, BeanDefinition> beanDefinitionMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(256);

key是beanName,value就是解析好的BeanDefinition。到此,Spring源碼解析中關于bean解析的內容就梳理完了,主要分析了bean標簽的解析,自定義標簽的解析并沒有涉及,但是給出了參考鏈接可以參考,標簽頁給出了分析自定義標簽解析的入口,可以根據入口繼續進行自定義標簽的解析流程分析。

本文粗線條的描述了Spring源碼中關于bean解析的分析,沒有涉及太多細節的內容,但是骨干清晰,可以清晰明了的理解Spring中bean的解析過程,包括如何將xml文件加載到內存中去,并且如何將xml文件內容進行解析,分成自定義標簽和默認標簽的解析,默認標簽的解析比如bean、import等,通讀全文,可以快速打通bean解析的全過程,中間雖然沒有涉及太多細節的內容,并且都是挑選了全鏈路中的某條分支來進行分析,但是這樣可以快速理清Spring的bean解析過程,后續會逐步完善該過程,逐步加入一些涉及細節的內容,來深度解析bean解析過程中的某些需要注意的點,以及bean解析過程和其他模塊之間的交互關系等內容。

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