一、學(xué)習(xí)鏈接
二、簡(jiǎn)介
【0】SVG 效果預(yù)覽
【1】SVG 的預(yù)定義形狀
- 矩形
<rect>
- 圓形
<circle>
- 橢圓
<ellipse>
- 線
<line>
- 折線
<polyline>
- 多邊形
<polygon>
- 路徑
<path>
【2】SVG 的通用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)語(yǔ)法
- width:寬度;
- height:高度;
- fill:填充色;
- fill-opacity:填充顏色透明度;
- stroke:邊框色;
- stroke-widt:邊框的寬度;
- stroke-opacity:邊框顏色的透明度;
- stroke-linecap:不同類型的開(kāi)放路徑的終結(jié);
- stroke-dasharray:邊框虛線;
- x:左側(cè)位置;
- y:頂端位置;
- opacity:透明值。
<br />
stroke-linecap:
<svg>
<g fill="none" stroke="black" stroke-width="6">
<path stroke-linecap="butt" d="M5 20 l215 0" />
<path stroke-linecap="round" d="M5 40 l215 0" />
<path stroke-linecap="square" d="M5 60 l215 0" />
</g>
</svg>
<br />
stroke-dasharray:
<svg>
<g fill="none" stroke="black" stroke-width="4">
<path stroke-dasharray="5,5" d="M5 20 l215 0" />
<path stroke-dasharray="10,10" d="M5 40 l215 0" />
<path stroke-dasharray="20,10,5,5,5,10" d="M5 60 l215 0" />
</g>
</svg>
<svg>
<g fill="none" stroke="black" stroke-width="6">
<path stroke-linecap="butt" d="M5 20 l215 0" />
<path stroke-linecap="round" d="M5 40 l215 0" />
<path stroke-linecap="square" d="M5 60 l215 0" />
</g>
</svg>
<svg>
<g fill="none" stroke="black" stroke-width="4">
<path stroke-dasharray="5,5" d="M5 20 l215 0" />
<path stroke-dasharray="10,10" d="M5 40 l215 0" />
<path stroke-dasharray="20,10,5,5,5,10" d="M5 60 l215 0" />
</g>
</svg>
【3】使用
【3.1】直接寫入html
中
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head></head>
<body>
<svg
id="mysvg"
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
viewBox="0 0 800 600"
preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet"
>
<circle id="mycircle" cx="400" cy="300" r="50" />
</svg>
</body>
</html>
【3.2】寫在獨(dú)立文件中,用<img>
、<object>
、<embed>
、<iframe>
等標(biāo)簽插入網(wǎng)頁(yè)。
<img src="circle.svg">
<object id="object" data="circle.svg" type="image/svg+xml"></object>
<embed id="embed" src="icon.svg" type="image/svg+xml">
<iframe id="iframe" src="icon.svg"></iframe>
【3.3】CSS 中使用 SVG
.logo {
background: url(icon.svg);
}
【3.4】SVG 轉(zhuǎn)為 BASE64 編碼,然后作用 DATA URL 寫入網(wǎng)頁(yè)。
<img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,[data]">
三、元素語(yǔ)法
【1】<svg>
SVG 代碼都放在頂層標(biāo)簽<svg>
之中,如果只想展示 SVG 圖像的一部分,就要指定viewBox
屬性。
<svg width="100" height="100" viewBox="50 50 50 50">
<circle id="mycircle" cx="50" cy="50" r="50" />
</svg>
【2】<rect>
矩形
<svg>
<rect x="0" y="0" height="100" width="200" style="stroke: #70d5dd; fill: #dd524b" />
</svg>
<svg>
<rect x="0" y="0" height="100" width="200" style="stroke: #70d5dd; fill: #dd524b" />
</svg>
【3】<circle>
圓形
CX:圓中心的 x 坐標(biāo);
CY:圓中心的 y 坐標(biāo);
-
r:圓的半徑。
<svg>
<circle cx="100" cy="50" r="40" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" fill="red"/>
</svg>
<svg>
<circle cx="100" cy="50" r="40" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" fill="red"/>
</svg>
【4】<ellipse>
橢圓
CX:圓中心的 x 坐標(biāo);
CY:圓中心的 y 坐標(biāo);
RX:水平半徑;
-
RY:垂直半徑。
<svg>
<ellipse cx="300" cy="80" rx="100" ry="50" style="fill:yellow;stroke:purple;stroke-width:2"/>
</svg>
<svg>
<ellipse cx="300" cy="80" rx="100" ry="50" style="fill:yellow;stroke:purple;stroke-width:2"/>
</svg>
【5】<line>
直線
- x1:x 軸定義線條的開(kāi)始;
- y1:y 軸定義線條的開(kāi)始;
- x2:x 軸定義線條的結(jié)束;
- y2:y 軸定義線條的結(jié)束。
<svg>
<line x1="0" y1="0" x2="200" y2="200" style="stroke:rgb(255,0,0);stroke-width:2"/>
</svg>
<svg>
<line x1="0" y1="0" x2="200" y2="200" style="stroke:rgb(255,0,0);stroke-width:2"/>
</svg>
【6】<polygon>
多邊形
<svg height="250" width="500">
<polygon points="220,10 300,210 170,250 123,234" style="fill:lime;stroke:purple;stroke-width:1" />
</svg>
<svg height="250" width="500">
<polygon points="220,10 300,210 170,250 123,234" style="fill:lime;stroke:purple;stroke-width:1" />
</svg>
【7】<polyline>
曲線
<svg>
<polyline points="0,40 40,40 40,80 80,80 80,120 120,120 120,160" style="fill:none;stroke:black;stroke-width:3" />
<polyline points="20,20 40,25 60,40 80,120 120,140 200,180"style="fill:none;stroke:red;stroke-width:4" />
</svg>
<svg>
<polyline points="0,40 40,40 40,80 80,80 80,120 120,120 120,160" style="fill:none;stroke:black;stroke-width:3" />
<polyline points="20,20 40,25 60,40 80,120 120,140 200,180"style="fill:none;stroke:red;stroke-width:4" />
</svg>
【8】<path>
路徑
M = moveto
L = lineto
H = horizontal lineto
V = vertical lineto
C = curveto
S = smooth curveto
Q = quadratic Bézier curve
T = smooth quadratic Bézier curveto
A = elliptical Arc
Z = closepath
<svg>
<path d="M150 0 L75 200 L225 200 Z" />
</svg>
<svg>
<path d="M150 0 L75 200 L225 200 Z" />
</svg>
【9】<text>
文本
<svg>
<defs>
<path id="path1" d="M75,20 a1,1 0 0,0 100,0" />
</defs>
<text x="10" y="100" style="fill:red;">
<textPath xlink:href="#path1">I love SVG I love SVG</textPath>
</text>
</svg>
<svg>
<defs>
<path id="path1" d="M75,20 a1,1 0 0,0 100,0" />
</defs>
<text x="10" y="100" style="fill:red;">
<textPath xlink:href="#path1">I love SVG I love SVG</textPath>
</text>
</svg>
四、元素濾鏡
【1】<defs>
和 <filter>
-
<filter>
元素 id 屬性定義一個(gè)濾鏡的唯一名稱; -
<defs>
標(biāo)簽用于自定義形狀
【2】<feGaussianBlur>
模糊
<svg>
<defs>
<filter id="f1" x="0" y="0">
<feGaussianBlur in="SourceGraphic" stdDeviation="15" />
</filter>
</defs>
<rect width="90" height="90" stroke="green" stroke-width="3"
fill="yellow" filter="url(#f1)" />
</svg>
<svg>
<defs>
<filter id="f1" x="0" y="0">
<feGaussianBlur in="SourceGraphic" stdDeviation="15" />
</filter>
</defs>
<rect width="90" height="90" stroke="green" stroke-width="3"
fill="yellow" filter="url(#f1)" />
</svg>
【3】<feOffset>
陰影
<svg>
<defs>
<filter id="f2" x="0" y="0" width="200%" height="200%">
<feOffset result="offOut" in="SourceAlpha" dx="20" dy="20" />
<feGaussianBlur result="blurOut" in="offOut" stdDeviation="10" />
<feBlend in="SourceGraphic" in2="blurOut" mode="normal" />
</filter>
</defs>
<rect width="90" height="90" stroke="green" stroke-width="3"
fill="yellow" filter="url(#f2)" />
</svg>
<svg>
<defs>
<filter id="f2" x="0" y="0" width="200%" height="200%">
<feOffset result="offOut" in="SourceAlpha" dx="20" dy="20" />
<feGaussianBlur result="blurOut" in="offOut" stdDeviation="10" />
<feBlend in="SourceGraphic" in2="blurOut" mode="normal" />
</filter>
</defs>
<rect width="90" height="90" stroke="green" stroke-width="3"
fill="yellow" filter="url(#f2)" />
</svg>
【4】<linearGradient>
線性漸變
<svg>
<defs>
<linearGradient id="grad1" x1="0%" y1="0%" x2="100%" y2="0%">
<stop offset="0%" style="stop-color:rgb(255,255,0);stop-opacity:1" />
<stop offset="100%" style="stop-color:rgb(255,0,0);stop-opacity:1" />
</linearGradient>
</defs>
<ellipse cx="200" cy="70" rx="85" ry="55" fill="url(#grad1)" />
</svg>
<svg>
<defs>
<linearGradient id="grad1" x1="0%" y1="0%" x2="100%" y2="0%">
<stop offset="0%" style="stop-color:rgb(255,255,0);stop-opacity:1" />
<stop offset="100%" style="stop-color:rgb(255,0,0);stop-opacity:1" />
</linearGradient>
</defs>
<ellipse cx="200" cy="70" rx="85" ry="55" fill="url(#grad1)" />
</svg>
【5】<radialGradient>
放射性漸變
<svg>
<defs>
<radialGradient id="grad2" cx="50%" cy="50%" r="50%" fx="50%" fy="50%">
<stop offset="0%" style="stop-color:rgb(255,255,255);
stop-opacity:0" />
<stop offset="100%" style="stop-color:rgb(0,0,255);stop-opacity:1" />
</radialGradient>
</defs>
<ellipse cx="200" cy="70" rx="85" ry="55" fill="url(#grad2)" />
</svg>
<svg>
<defs>
<radialGradient id="grad2" cx="50%" cy="50%" r="50%" fx="50%" fy="50%">
<stop offset="0%" style="stop-color:rgb(255,255,255);
stop-opacity:0" />
<stop offset="100%" style="stop-color:rgb(0,0,255);stop-opacity:1" />
</radialGradient>
</defs>
<ellipse cx="200" cy="70" rx="85" ry="55" fill="url(#grad2)" />
</svg>
五、更多元素標(biāo)簽
【1】<g>
組
<svg width="300" height="100">
<g id="myCircle">
<text x="25" y="20">圓形</text>
<circle cx="50" cy="50" r="20"/>
</g>
<use href="#myCircle" x="100" y="0" fill="blue" />
<use href="#myCircle" x="200" y="0" fill="white" stroke="blue" />
</svg>
<svg width="300" height="100">
<g id="myCircle">
<text x="25" y="20">圓形</text>
<circle cx="50" cy="50" r="20"/>
</g>
<use href="#myCircle" x="100" y="0" fill="blue" />
<use href="#myCircle" x="200" y="0" fill="white" stroke="blue" />
</svg>
【2】<pattern>
圖案填充
<svg width="500" height="500">
<defs>
<pattern id="dots" x="0" y="0" width="100" height="100" patternUnits="userSpaceOnUse">
<circle fill="#bee9e8" cx="50" cy="50" r="35" />
</pattern>
</defs>
<rect x="0" y="0" width="100%" height="100%" fill="url(#dots)" />
</svg>
<svg width="500" height="500">
<defs>
<pattern id="dots" x="0" y="0" width="100" height="100" patternUnits="userSpaceOnUse">
<circle fill="#bee9e8" cx="50" cy="50" r="35" />
</pattern>
</defs>
<rect x="0" y="0" width="100%" height="100%" fill="url(#dots)" />
</svg>
【3】<image>
圖片
<svg viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="200" height="200">
<image xlink:href="https://wx1.sinaimg.cn/mw690/0069qZtTgy1go96k54t3lj30ru0rqx6p.jpg"
width="100%" height="100%"/>
</svg>
<svg viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="200" height="200">
<image xlink:
width="100%" height="100%"/>
</svg>
【4】<animate>
動(dòng)畫
attributeName
:發(fā)生動(dòng)畫效果的屬性名。from
:?jiǎn)未蝿?dòng)畫的初始值。to
:?jiǎn)未蝿?dòng)畫的結(jié)束值。dur
:?jiǎn)未蝿?dòng)畫的持續(xù)時(shí)間。repeatCount
:動(dòng)畫的循環(huán)模式。
<svg width="500px" height="100px">
<rect x="0" y="0" width="100" height="100" fill="#feac5e">
<animate attributeName="x" from="0" to="500" dur="2s" repeatCount="indefinite" />
</rect>
</svg>
<svg width="500px" height="100px">
<rect x="0" y="0" width="100" height="100" fill="#feac5e">
<animate attributeName="x" from="0" to="500" dur="2s" repeatCount="indefinite" />
</rect>
</svg>