? ? ? ? ? ? ?Beyond Feelings(translating)
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? preface
When the first edition of this book appeared in 1975, the dominant intellectual focus was still subjectivity, feelings. That focus, the legacy of the 1960s, was originally a necessary reaction to the rationalism and behaviorism that preceded it. It declared, in effect: “People are not robots. They are more than the sum total of their physiology. They have hopes, dreams, emotions. No two humans are alike—each has a special perspective, a unique way of perceiving the world. And any view of humanity that ignores this subjective side is a distortion.”
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?導論
當這本書的第一版在1975年出版時，占主導地位的知識焦點仍然是主觀性——情感。這個問題，是20世紀60年代的遺留問題，最初是對理性主義和行為主義之前的必要反映。它宣稱，實際上：“人類不是機器人，他們遠遠超過各自的生理機能。他們擁有希望、夢想和感情。沒有完全相同的兩個人——每個人都有自己特殊的觀點，都有其獨特的方式去感知這個世界。任何忽略主觀性方面的人性觀都是扭曲的。”
Yet, despite its value, the focus on feelings went too far. Like many other movements, what began as a reaction against an extreme view became an extreme view itself. The result of that extremism was the neglect of thinking. This book was designed to answer that neglect. The introduction to the first edition explained its rationale as follows:
然而，盡管它十分有價值，但人們對情感的關注遠遠不夠。就像很多運動一樣，以反對極端視界為開端的反映最終都會變成另外一種極端觀點。極端主義的后果就是對思維的忽視。這本是就是為了回答這個問題而寫的。第一版的介紹解釋了如下基本理論：
The emphasis on subjectivity served to correct a dangerous oversimplification. But it is the kind of reaction that cannot be sustained for long without causing an even worse situation—the neglect of thinking. Worse for two reasons. First, because we live in an age of manipulation. Armies of hucksters and demagogues stand ready with the rich resources of psychology to play upon our emotions and subconscious needs to persuade us that superficial is profound, harmful is beneficial, evil is virtuous. And feelings are especially vulnerable to such manipulation.
對主觀性的強調有助于糾正一種危險的極簡主義。但是這種反應不能持續很長時間，不會引起更壞的情況——對思維的忽視。更糟的原因有兩個：首先，由于我們生活在操縱時代，大批的小販和煽動者早已準備好了心理學的豐富資源，通過利用我們的情感和潛意識的需求，來說服我們膚淺的則是深刻的，有害的則是有益的，邪惡的則是道德的。情感在這種操縱主義面前變得尤其脆弱。
Secondly, because in virtually every important area of modern life— law, medicine, government, education, science, business, and community affairs—we are beset with serious problems and complex issues that demand careful gathering and weighing of facts and informed opinions, thoughtful consideration of various conclusions or actions, and judicious selection of the best conclusion or most appropriate action. . . .
其次，實際上，由于在現代生活中每一個重要領域——法律、醫學、政府、教育、科學、商業，和社區事務——我們被許多嚴重和復雜的問題所困擾，這些問題需要認真地收集、有分量的事實、已知的觀點、對各類結論和行為的深思熟慮，還需要對最佳結論或最適當行為的審慎明智的選擇...
