前言
DialogFragment什么鬼?什么DialogFragment,不就是Dialog和Fragment配合的使用么?哎,還真像那回事!!!
我們進入正題:Android 官方推薦使用 DialogFragment 來代替 Dialog ,可以讓它具有更高的可復用性(降低耦合)和更好的便利性(很好的處理屏幕翻轉的情況)。
用法以及優(yōu)缺點
創(chuàng)建 DialogFragment 有兩種方式:
覆寫其 onCreateDialog 方法 — ① 利用AlertDialog或者Dialog創(chuàng)建出Dialog。
覆寫其 onCreateView 方法 — ② 使用定義的xml布局文件展示Dialog。
雖然這兩種方式都能實現相同的效果,但是它們各有自己適合的應用場景:
方法 ①,一般用于創(chuàng)建替代傳統(tǒng)的 Dialog 對話框的場景,UI 簡單,功能單一。
方法 ②,一般用于創(chuàng)建復雜內容彈窗或全屏展示效果的場景,UI 復雜,功能復雜,一般有網絡請求等異步操作。
另外它又是Fragment,所以當旋轉屏幕和按下后退鍵時可以更好的管理其聲明周期,它和Fragment有著基本一致的聲明周期。
詳細的使用分析
1.覆寫其 onCreateDialog 方法
我們來創(chuàng)建一個最簡單的AlertDialog來完成這里的操作。寫一個MyAlertDialogFragment
實現都在這個里面。
public class MyAlertDialogFragment extends DialogFragment {
public MyAlertDialogFragment() {
}
public static MyAlertDialogFragment newInstance(String tittle) {
MyAlertDialogFragment fragment = new MyAlertDialogFragment();
Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
bundle.putString("tittle", tittle);
fragment.setArguments(bundle);
return fragment;
}
@NonNull
@Override
public Dialog onCreateDialog(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
String tittle = getArguments().getString("tittle");
AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(getActivity());
builder.setTitle(tittle);
builder.setMessage("刪除歌曲?");
builder.setPositiveButton("確定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
Toast.makeText(getContext(), "確定", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
builder.setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
Toast.makeText(getContext(), "取消", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
return builder.create();
}
}
然后在MainActivity
里面進行相應的操作,代碼如下:
MyAlertDialogFragment fragment = MyAlertDialogFragment.newInstance("你的樣子");
fragment.show(getSupportFragmentManager(), "myAlert");
實現效果如下:
2.覆寫其 onCreateView 方法
首先新建一個布局文件res/layout/fragment_edit_name.xml
,詳細布局如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/lbl_your_name"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Your name" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/txt_your_name"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:imeOptions="actionDone"
android:inputType="text" />
</LinearLayout>
用EditNameDialogFragment
實現相應的代碼。
public class EditNameDialogFragment extends DialogFragment {
public EditNameDialogFragment() {
}
public static EditNameDialogFragment newInstance(String tittle) {
EditNameDialogFragment fragment = new EditNameDialogFragment();
Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
bundle.putString("tittle", tittle);
fragment.setArguments(bundle);
fragment.setArguments(bundle);
return fragment;
}
@Nullable
@Override
public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container,
@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_edit_name, container, false);
return view;
}
@Override
public void onViewCreated(@NonNull View view, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
String tittle = getArguments().getString("tittle");
((EditText) view.findViewById(R.id.txt_your_name)).setText(tittle);
super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
}
}
然后在MainActivity
里面進行相應的操作,代碼如下:
EditNameDialogFragment editNameDialogFragment = EditNameDialogFragment.newInstance("名字");
editNameDialogFragment.show(getSupportFragmentManager(), "edit");
實現效果如下:
這個效果讓我不太滿意啊??!
3.全屏效果
我說了上面的效果我不太滿意。那怎么辦??
首先在onResume
里面處理
@Override
public void onResume() {
ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = getDialog().getWindow().getAttributes();
params.width = WindowManager.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT;
params.height = WindowManager.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT;
getDialog().getWindow().setAttributes((WindowManager.LayoutParams) params);
super.onResume();
}
然后運行APP得到下面的樣子,沒有全屏?。?br>
我們繼續(xù)處理:我們處理一下
padding
和background
,在文件res\values\styles.xml
中添加下面的代碼:
<style name="Dialog.FullScreen" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Dialog">
<item name="android:padding">0dp</item>
<item name="android:windowBackground">@android:color/transparent</item>
</style>
然后在MainActivity
里面進行相應的操作,代碼如下:
EditNameDialogFragment editNameDialogFragment = EditNameDialogFragment.newInstance("名字");
editNameDialogFragment.setStyle(DialogFragment.STYLE_NORMAL, R.style.Dialog_FullScreen);
editNameDialogFragment.show(getSupportFragmentManager(), "edit");
得到的結果如下圖:
下面我們來修改一下
MyAlertDialogFragment
里面的代碼,實現對話框在下面并且是寬度全屏的效果,代碼如下:
@NonNull
@Override
public Dialog onCreateDialog(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
String tittle = getArguments().getString("tittle");
AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(getActivity());
builder.setTitle(tittle);
builder.setMessage("刪除歌曲?");
builder.setPositiveButton("確定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
Toast.makeText(getContext(), "確定", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
builder.setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
Toast.makeText(getContext(), "取消", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
AlertDialog alertDialog = builder.create();
// 設置寬度為屏寬、位置在屏幕底部
Window window = alertDialog.getWindow();
window.setBackgroundDrawableResource(android.R.color.white);
window.getDecorView().setPadding(0, 0, 0, 0);
WindowManager.LayoutParams wlp = window.getAttributes();
wlp.gravity = Gravity.BOTTOM;
wlp.width = WindowManager.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT;
wlp.height = WindowManager.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;
window.setAttributes(wlp);
return alertDialog ;
}
我們只需要修改onCreateDialog
里面的方法就能滿足需求。得到的結果如下圖所示:
除了上面的全屏之外,我們還可以指定對話框的大小,代碼如下:
int width = getResources().getDimensionPixelSize(R.dimen.popup_width);
int height = getResources().getDimensionPixelSize(R.dimen.popup_height);
getDialog().getWindow().setLayout(width, height);
//最主要的就是 setLayout(width, height),在合適的時機處理相應的大小。
4.傳遞數據給Activity
我們使用接口的方式進行傳值。我們在MyAlertDialogFragment
進行相應的處理,具體的代碼如下:
public class MyAlertDialogFragment extends DialogFragment {
public MyAlertDialogFragment() {
}
public interface ConfirmListener {
void onClickComplete(String tittle);
}
public static MyAlertDialogFragment newInstance(String tittle) {
MyAlertDialogFragment fragment = new MyAlertDialogFragment();
Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
bundle.putString("tittle", tittle);
fragment.setArguments(bundle);
return fragment;
}
@NonNull
@Override
public Dialog onCreateDialog(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
final String tittle = getArguments().getString("tittle");
AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(getActivity());
builder.setTitle(tittle);
builder.setMessage("刪除歌曲?");
builder.setPositiveButton("確定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
ConfirmListener confirmListener = (ConfirmListener) getActivity();
confirmListener.onClickComplete(tittle);
}
});
builder.setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
}
});
AlertDialog alertDialog = builder.create();
// 設置寬度為屏寬、位置靠近屏幕底部
Window window = alertDialog.getWindow();
window.setBackgroundDrawableResource(android.R.color.white);
window.getDecorView().setPadding(0, 0, 0, 0);
WindowManager.LayoutParams wlp = window.getAttributes();
wlp.gravity = Gravity.BOTTOM;
wlp.width = WindowManager.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT;
wlp.height = WindowManager.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;
window.setAttributes(wlp);
return alertDialog;
}
}
在MianActivity
要實現ConfirmListener
接口,部分代碼如下:
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements MyAlertDialogFragment.ConfirmListener {
..............
@Override
public void onClickComplete(String tittle) {
Toast.makeText(this, "標題:" + tittle, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
上面的代碼就可以把值傳遞給Activity。
5.屏幕旋轉的問題
上面的圖就可以解答所有的疑惑,我們沒有做任何的特殊處理,上面的tittle,就是我們從Activity傳過來的。
6.Styling Dialogs 樣式對話框
Styling Custom Dialog 下面的來自android_guides,感興趣的可以去看這一篇文章。寫的非一般的感覺?。?!
<style name="AppThemeDialog" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light">
<!-- Apply default style for dialogs -->
<item name="android:dialogTheme">@style/AppDialogTheme</item>
<!-- Apply default style for alert dialogs -->
<item name="android:alertDialogTheme">@style/AppAlertTheme</item>
</style>
<!-- Define your custom dialog theme here extending from base -->
<style name="AppDialogTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.Dialog">
<!-- Define color properties as desired -->
<item name="colorPrimary">@color/dark_blue</item>
<item name="colorAccent">@color/dark_blue</item>
<item name="colorPrimaryDark">#000</item>
<item name="colorControlNormal">@color/dark_blue</item>
<item name="android:textColorHighlight">@color/light_blue</item>
<!-- Define window properties as desired -->
<!--是否顯示title-->
<item name="android:windowNoTitle">false</item>
<!--是否是全屏-->
<item name="android:windowFullscreen">false</item>
<!--背景顏色-->
<item name="android:windowBackground">@color/medium_green</item>
<!--是否浮現在activity之上-->
<item name="android:windowIsFloating">true</item>
<!--點擊空白是否消失-->
<item name="android:windowCloseOnTouchOutside">true</item>
</style>
<!-- Define your custom alert theme here extending from base -->
<style name="AppAlertTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.Dialog.Alert">
<item name="colorPrimary">@color/dark_blue</item>
<item name="colorAccent">@color/dark_blue</item>
<item name="colorPrimaryDark">#000</item>
<item name="colorControlNormal">@color/dark_blue</item>
<item name="android:textColorHighlight">@color/light_blue</item>
</style>
對話框中Titlebar
的樣式使用"android:windowTitleStyle"
屬性,代碼如下:
<style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light">
<!-- Apply default style for dialogs -->
<item name="android:dialogTheme">@style/AppDialogTheme</item>
<!-- Apply default style for alert dialogs -->
<item name="android:alertDialogTheme">@style/AppAlertTheme</item>
</style>
<style name="AppDialogTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.Dialog">
<item name="android:windowTitleStyle">@style/DialogWindowTitle</item>
<!-- ...other stuff here... -->
</style>
<style name="AppAlertTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.Dialog.Alert">
<item name="android:windowTitleStyle">@style/DialogWindowTitle</item>
<!-- ...other stuff here... -->
</style>
<!--下面是詳細的使用-->
<style name="DialogWindowTitle" parent="Base.DialogWindowTitle.AppCompat">
<item name="android:background">@color/light_green</item>
<item name="android:gravity">center</item>
<item name="android:textAppearance">@style/DialogWindowTitleText</item>
</style>
<style name="DialogWindowTitleText" parent="@android:style/TextAppearance.DialogWindowTitle">
<item name="android:textSize">24sp</item>
</style>
移除標題欄:
@Override
public Dialog onCreateDialog(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
Dialog dialog = super.onCreateDialog(savedInstanceState);
// request a window without the title
dialog.getWindow().requestFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
return dialog;
}
//或者如下的代碼:
@Override
public void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setStyle(DialogFragment.STYLE_NO_TITLE,R.style.AppTheme);
}
6.軟鍵盤尺寸的調整
首先在AndroidManifest.xml
進行處理,代碼如下:
<activity android:name=".MainActivity"
android:windowSoftInputMode="adjustResize">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
接下來是Fragment
里面的操作:
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup parent, Bundle bundle) {
// Set to adjust screen height automatically, when soft keyboard appears on screen
getDialog().getWindow().setSoftInputMode(WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_ADJUST_RESIZE);
return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_edit_name, container);
}
//或者是下面的代碼
@NonNull
@Override
public Dialog onCreateDialog(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
......
AlertDialog alertDialog = builder.create();
alertDialog.getWindow().setSoftInputMode(WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_ADJUST_RESIZE);
return alertDialog;
}
總結
上面的文章寫的我認為一般般,但是基本可以滿足相應的需求。
參考文章:
https://github.com/codepath/android_guides/wiki/Using-DialogFragment
https://likfe.com/2016/10/27/dialog-fragment/
https://blog.csdn.net/lmj623565791/article/details/37815413