http://www.cnblogs.com/zhoujinyi/p/4610050.html

創建用戶，用戶是跟著庫走，哪個庫下創建那個庫下驗證。

use test
db.createUser(
{
user: "liyuhuan",
pwd: "jkinfo",
roles: [
{ role: "readWrite", db: "test" },{ role: "backup", db: "test" },{ role: "restore", db: "test" },{ role: "dbAdmin", db: "test" }
]
}
)

摘要：
MongoDB 3.0 安全權限訪問控制，在添加用戶上面3.0版本和之前的版本有很大的區別，這里就說明下3.0的添加用戶的方法。
環境、測試：
在安裝MongoDB之后，先關閉auth認證，進入查看數據庫，只有一個local庫，admin庫是不存在的：
root@zhoujinyi:/usr/local/mongo4# mongo --port=27020MongoDB shell version: 3.0.4connecting to: 127.0.0.1:27020/test2015-06-29T09:31:08.673-0400 I CONTROL [initandlisten] > show dbs;local 0.078GB

現在需要創建一個帳號，該賬號需要有grant權限，即：賬號管理的授權權限。注意一點，帳號是跟著庫走的，所以在指定庫里授權，必須也在指定庫里驗證(auth)。

> use adminswitched to db admin>
 db.createUser({ user: "dba", pwd: "dba",roles: [ { role: "userAdminAnyDatabase", db: "admin" } ]****... }... )**Successfully added user: { "user" : "dba", "roles" : [ { "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase", "db" : "admin" } ]}

上面加粗的就是執行的命令：
user：用戶名
pwd：密碼
roles：指定用戶的角色，可以用一個空數組給新用戶設定空角色；在roles字段,可以指定內置角色和用戶定義的角色。role里的角色可以選：

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具體角色：

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剛建立了 userAdminAnyDatabase 角色，用來管理用戶，可以通過這個角色來創建、刪除用戶。驗證：需要開啟auth參數。

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上面創建了2個帳號，現在驗證下：驗證前提需要一個集合

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db.abc.insert({"a":1,"b":2}) ** #插入失敗，沒有權限，userAdminAnyDatabase 權限只是針對用戶管理的，對其他是沒有權限的。WriteResult({ "writeError" : { "code" : 13, "errmsg" : "not authorized on test to execute command { insert: "abc", documents: [ { _id: ObjectId('55915185d629831d887ce2cb'), a: 1.0, b: 2.0 } ], ordered: true }" }})> byeroot@zhoujinyi:/usr/local/mongo4# mongo --port=27020MongoDB shell version: 3.0.4connecting to: 127.0.0.1:27020/test> use testswitched to db test> db.auth('zjy','zjy') ** #用創建的readWrite帳號進行寫入1> db.abc.insert({"a":1,"b":2})WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })> db.abc.insert({"a":11,"b":22})WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })> db.abc.insert({"a":111,"b":222})WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })> db.abc.find(){ "_id" : ObjectId("559151a1b78649ebd8316853"), "a" : 1, "b" : 2 }{ "_id" : ObjectId("559151cab78649ebd8316854"), "a" : 11, "b" : 22 }{ "_id" : ObjectId("559151ceb78649ebd8316855"), "a" : 111, "b" : 222 }> db.auth('zjyr','zjyr') ** #切換到只有read權限的帳號**1> db.abc.insert({"a":1111,"b":2222}) #不能寫入WriteResult({ "writeError" : { "code" : 13, "errmsg" : "not authorized on test to execute command { insert: "abc", documents: [ { _id: ObjectId('559151ebb78649ebd8316856'), a: 1111.0, b: 2222.0 } ], ordered: true }" }})> db.abc.find() #可以查看{ "_id" : ObjectId("559151a1b78649ebd8316853"), "a" : 1, "b" : 2 }{ "_id" : ObjectId("559151cab78649ebd8316854"), "a" : 11, "b" : 22 }{ "_id" : ObjectId("559151ceb78649ebd8316855"), "a" : 111, "b" : 222 }

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有沒有一個超級權限？不僅可以授權，而且也可以對集合進行任意操作？答案是肯定的，只是不建議使用。那就是role角色設置成root。

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db.auth('dba','dba')1>** db.createUser(... {... user: "zhoujinyi",... pwd: "zhoujinyi",... roles: [... { role: "root", db: "admin" } #超級root帳號... ]... }... )Successfully added user: { "user" : "zhoujinyi", "roles" : [ { "role" : "root", "db" : "admin" } ]}> > show users; #查看當前庫下的用戶{ "_id" : "admin.dba", "user" : "dba", "db" : "admin", "roles" : [ { "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase", "db" : "admin" } ]}{ "_id" : "admin.zhoujinyi", "user" : "zhoujinyi", "db" : "admin", "roles" : [ { "role" : "root", "db" : "admin" } ]}> use adminswitched to db admin> db.auth('zhoujinyi','zhoujinyi')1> use testswitched to db test> db.abc.insert({"a":1,"b":2})WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })> db.abc.insert({"a":1111,"b":2222}) ** #權限都有WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })> db.abc.find(){ "_id" : ObjectId("5591539bb78649ebd8316857"), "a" : 1, "b" : 2 }{ "_id" : ObjectId("559153a0b78649ebd8316858"), "a" : 1111, "b" : 2222 }> db.abc.remove({})WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 2 })

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因為帳號都是在當前需要授權的數據庫下授權的，那要是不在當前數據庫下會怎么樣？

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dbadmin>** db.createUser(... {... user: "dxy",... pwd: "dxy",... roles: [... { role: "readWrite", db: "test" }, #在當前庫下創建其他庫的帳號，在admin庫下創建test、abc庫的帳號... { role: "readWrite", db: "abc" } ... ]... }... )Successfully added user: { "user" : "dxy", "roles" : [ { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "test" }, { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "abc" } ]}> > show users;{ "_id" : "admin.dba", "user" : "dba", "db" : "admin", "roles" : [ { "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase", "db" : "admin" } ]}{ "_id" : "admin.zhoujinyi", "user" : "zhoujinyi", "db" : "admin", "roles" : [ { "role" : "root", "db" : "admin" } ]}{ "_id" : "admin.dxy", "user" : "dxy", "db" : "admin", "roles" : [ { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "test" }, { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "abc" } ]}> use testswitched to db test> db.auth('dxy','dxy') ** #在admin下創建的帳號，不能直接在其他庫驗證，Error: 18 Authentication failed.0> use adminswitched to db admin ** #只能在帳號創建庫下認證，再去其他庫進行操作。**> db.auth('dxy','dxy')1> use testswitched to db test> db.abc.insert({"a":1111,"b":2222})WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })> use abcswitched to db abc> db.abc.insert({"a":1111,"b":2222})WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })

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上面更加進一步說明數據庫帳號是跟著數據庫來走的，哪里創建哪里認證。
創建了這么多帳號，怎么查看所有帳號？

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use adminswitched to db admin> db.auth('dba','dba')1>** db.system.users.find().pretty()**{ "_id" : "admin.dba", "user" : "dba", "db" : "admin", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "KfDUzCOIUo7WVjFr64ZOcQ==", "storedKey" : "t4sPsKG2dXnZztVYj5EgdUzT9sc=", "serverKey" : "2vCGiq9NIc1zKqeEL6VvO4rP26A=" } }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase", "db" : "admin" } ]}{ "_id" : "test.zjyr", "user" : "zjyr", "db" : "test", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "h1gOW3J7wzJuTqgmmQgJKQ==", "storedKey" : "7lkoANdxM2py0qiDBzFaZYPp1cM=", "serverKey" : "Qyu6IRNyaKLUvqJ2CAa/tQYY36c=" } }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "read", "db" : "test" } ]}{ "_id" : "test.zjy", "user" : "zjy", "db" : "test", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "afwaKuTYPWwbDBduQ4Hm7g==", "storedKey" : "ebb2LYLn4hiOVlZqgrAKBdStfn8=", "serverKey" : "LG2qWwuuV+FNMmr9lWs+Rb3DIhQ=" } }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "test" } ]}{ "_id" : "admin.zhoujinyi", "user" : "zhoujinyi", "db" : "admin", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "pE2cSOYtBOYevk8tqrwbSQ==", "storedKey" : "TwMxdnlB5Eiaqg4tNh9ByNuUp9A=", "serverKey" : "Mofr9ohVlFfR6/md4LMRkOhXouc=" } }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "root", "db" : "admin" } ]}{ "_id" : "admin.dxy", "user" : "dxy", "db" : "admin", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "XD6smcWX4tdg/ZJPoLxxRg==", "storedKey" : "F4uiayykHDp/r9krAKZjdr+gqjM=", "serverKey" : "Kf51IU9J3RIrB8CFn5Z5hEKMSkw=" } }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "test" }, { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "abc" } ]}> db.system.users.find().count()5

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備份還原使用那個角色的帳號？之前創建的帳號zjy:test庫讀寫權限；zjyr:test庫讀權限

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