2017年度的SAT考試已畫上一個(gè)句號(hào)，接下來(lái)就是等待出分了！上周六我們?cè)诳己蟮谝粫r(shí)間為大家推送了12月SAT亞太考情?沃邦名師12月2日亞太SAT考試考情速遞，本篇文章將重點(diǎn)解析寫作部分。本次亞太SAT寫作難度一般，SAT考試黨們?cè)撊绾文玫?/8/8呢？沃邦SAT寫作教師沈老師針對(duì)本次寫作進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的解析，如下：
剛剛落幕的2017年12月SAT亞洲Essay Writing部分，文章的選擇與10月相仿：提出現(xiàn)象后，作者開(kāi)始提出批評(píng)/反駁意見(jiàn)。
從作者選用的寫作手法來(lái)看，evidence部分比較容易辨識(shí)，作者引用了不少數(shù)據(jù)、權(quán)威觀點(diǎn)以及機(jī)構(gòu)研究報(bào)告；較為隱藏的是reasoning—文章中，作者用兩個(gè)理由去批評(píng)當(dāng)今盛行的二手服裝捐贈(zèng)及買賣市場(chǎng)： 一是給非洲剛剛起步的紡織品行業(yè)造成重大打擊；二是助長(zhǎng)了人們不負(fù)責(zé)任的服飾消費(fèi)文化（fast fashion），而批評(píng)某種社會(huì)現(xiàn)象一般會(huì)涉及“根本原因”、“造成的危害”以及“以正視聽(tīng)”的內(nèi)容，這就可以歸類為logical analysis；貫穿全文的“情感線”也不如以前的文章那么直白，從一開(kāi)始用YouTube網(wǎng)紅視頻引起共鳴后，就是對(duì)非洲紡織業(yè)的同情，嘲諷了“買買買”文化，并且敦促消費(fèi)者理性消費(fèi)。
文章的中心思想可以歸結(jié)為：
The author argues that our current methods of donating and discarding second-hand clothes are causing troubles globally，for example, it deals a blow to Africa’s fragile textile industry and, fueled by the so called “fast fashion”, such a method is also causing environmental impact as it brings tremendous waste.
全文discourse 如下：
1
American rapper Macklemore's hugely popular anthem "Thrift Shop," which has been viewed over 450 million times on YouTube, is a cheeky tribute to the joys of shopping on the cheap, featuring mountains of second-hand coats, sweaters, jackets, jeans, jumpsuits, dresses, shoes and shirts.
作者用最近的網(wǎng)紅視頻引出話題， 具體表達(dá)供參考，下同：
The author cites a recent video that has gone viral on YouTube to raise readers' awareness toward the second-hand clothes market and its growing popularity.
這里有明顯的諷刺口吻Sarcastic tone is employed to create resonance with readers.
2
On the surface, the recycling of used clothes, often charitably donated, means old garments don't go to waste, while new owners get a bargain. It seems like a "win-win" situation that couldn't be more ethically sound. And as the Christmas season approaches, millions of Westerners will soon flock to charity shops to donate their second-hand clothes.
作者這里就開(kāi)始表達(dá)自己的不滿，這里的on the surface預(yù)示反駁開(kāi)。
The author implies that the public has a mistaken belief of second-hand clothes. Win-win situation sounds ethical, but it entails problems.
In this way, the author foreshadows her disagreement.
3
But on closer inspection, the reselling of clothes is more complex than one might think, posing difficult questions for those hoping to do good by donating their old clothes.
邏輯轉(zhuǎn)折，作者直言“二手服裝”市場(chǎng)帶來(lái)更多麻煩。
The word "but" indicates a logical turn.? The author claims/explicitly points out that the reselling of clothes ends up doing more harm than good.
全文提供了兩個(gè)理由：Throughout the article, the author offers two potent reasons to back up her claim.
4
Contrary to its homespun image, the second-hand clothing industry is dominated by what Dr Andrew Brooks and Prof David Simon at the University of London have called "hidden professionalism." The majority of donated clothing is sold to second-hand clothing merchants, who sort garments, then bundle them in bales for resale, usually outside the country in which the clothing was originally donated.
第一個(gè)理由（分論點(diǎn)1），作者揭露了“二手服裝”市場(chǎng)受人操縱。
The first reason: a lucrative second-hand clothes market undermines African economy. The author quotes the opinion of a Dr. and a Prof. to reveal an industrial secret. The quotation from experts on the matter strengthens its credibility.
5
One key market is sub-Saharan Africa, where a third of all globally donated clothes are sold. In a paper entitled "Unravelling the Relationships between Used-Clothing Imports and the Decline of African Clothing Industries," Brooks and Simon quote a representative of UK-based anti-poverty organisation Oxfam Wastesaver, who states that 300 bales of second-hand clothing can be sold in Africa for around ￡25,000 (about $40,000 at current exchange rates), while transport costs are just ￡2,000. Even taking into account the costs of things like collection and processing, these numbers suggest that the selling of second-hand clothing can be a lucrative affair, especially as the clothing being sold has often been charitably donated for free. While exact figures are scarce, in 2009, used clothing exports from OECD countries were worth $1.9 billion, according to the United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics Database.
這一段為上面的分論點(diǎn)提出有利支持：數(shù)據(jù)、專家權(quán)威以及聯(lián)合國(guó)報(bào)告。
The author offers an example: sub-Saharan Africa as one key market. The reason is obvious, African market is important to the second-hand clothes industry, but it bears brunt of economic impact, which is unfair.
The author goes on by quoting a paper from a UK-based anti-poverty org, to bolster her argument.
She invokes ample statistics to offer a cost- analysis--sales volume, revenue and cost transport to prove that the second-hand clothes market turns out to be a very lucrative one. It's worth mentioning that these figures are the very elements to determine how profitable a business is.
More stats from a 2009 UN authoritative report to back up his claim.
Stats and quotes from credible sources convince readers about the existence of a "hidden profession", providing a strong basis for her further argument.
6
But it's not just the "hidden professionalism" of the used clothing business—and the resulting gap between costs and resale prices—that hurts markets like sub-Saharan Africa. The flood of castoffs collected via second-hand clothing schemes (along with the rise of cheap Chinese apparel imports) have also helped to undermine Africa's own fledgling textiles and clothing manufacturing industry, says Cambridge economist Ha-Joon Chang.
這一段，作者在講“二手服裝”市場(chǎng)對(duì)非洲剛剛起步的服裝業(yè)是一個(gè)巨大的打擊。
The author goes on by attacking the motive behind the market, profit.
She points out the harm to Africa's own fledgling textile.
The word fledgling appeals to readers' sympathy toward the fragile African textile industry, arousing their desire for protection and exacerbating their concern towards the unfair business practice.
7
The second-hand clothing market has a negative impact in donor markets, as well. Consumers in the global North throw away vast quantities of clothing every year. In the UK, for example, people dump 1.4 million tonnes of clothing into landfills, annually. To combat dumping, charities and local governments have increasingly instituted clothing recycling programmes. But, ultimately, recycling tackles the symptom not the cause—and gives consumers a false sense of security that the rate at which they are consuming and disposing of clothing is at all sustainable.
第二個(gè)理由（分論點(diǎn)2）對(duì)捐贈(zèng)衣物方的影響，主要是大量廉價(jià)衣物，快消服裝造成了大量的浪費(fèi)，給環(huán)境造成壓力。
The second reason: negative impact in donor markets.
The author employs apt logical analysis to elucidate why second-hand clothing market impacts environment, raising readers' concern about their responsibility for environment.
She uses figures, facts to prove that the recycling programs gives consumers a false sense of security that their practice of consuming and disposing of clothing is at all sustainable.
8
The truth is, "fast fashion" is a deeply unsustainable model. And by emphasising recycling rather than tackling the root cause of why people continue to buy and dispose of larger and larger quantities of lighter, thinner and less well-made clothing, consumers are reassured that they can continue shopping as normal.
以正視聽(tīng)：什么才是“fashion”
She goes on by attacking the concept of "fast fashion" which is the root cause of shopper’ consuming and disposing of clothing while ignoring their responsibility for the environment
9
"There is now this notion that fashion is just a commodity, and that we are just consumers," laments Dilys Williams, director of the Centre for Sustainable Fashion at the London College of Fashion. "It doesn't do justice to us or to fashion. Fashion should be about cherishing clothes and creating an identity, [but today it's] based on constant adrenalin and the excitement of purchasing. There is no anticipation or dreaming. Nothing lasts or is looked after. We each have a mini-landfill in our closets."
引用權(quán)威的觀點(diǎn)，敦促消費(fèi)者對(duì)fashion應(yīng)該有正確的觀點(diǎn)。
To back up, she quotes an expert's opinion.
She clarifies public's misconception of what is real fashion/ he redefines the concept of fashion.
She appeals to readers' emotions make his argument more powerful. Words like "adrenalin" "nothing lasts" to ridicule "fast fashion" phenomenon.
Her juxtaposition of images of "mini-landfill" and "closets" are intended to ridicule the no-hold-barred way of consumerism, adding emotional weight to her claim that the second-hand market ends up doing more harm than good, thus persuading readers to correct their views on second-hand clothes market.
10
But why stop and think when the charity shop or recycling bank is there to take care of the mess?
再次追問(wèn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)如何正確對(duì)待“二手服裝”。
A rhetorical question to wrap up the whole article so as to ask readers to seriously ponder upon their responsibility on the matter.
The word “mess” has double meaning: the second-hand market wreak havoc to Africa’s fragile textile industry. More importantly, the mess caused by irresponsible consumption of “fast fashion”.
Write an essay in which you explain how Tansy E Hoskins builds an argument to persuade her audience that our current methods of donating and discarding second-hand clothes are causing troubles globally. In your essay, analyze how Tansy uses one or more of the features listed in the box above (or features of your own choice) to strengthen the logic and persuasiveness of her argument. Be sure that your analysis focuses on the most relevant features of the passage.
Your essay should not explain whether you agree with Tansy's claims, but rather explain how Tansy builds an argument to persuade his audience.
文：沈老師 ? ?沃邦SAT寫作教師
