PopupWindow 筆記

  • 簡單的調用
  • 背景變暗
  • 一些不同版本導致的小坑

簡單調用

// 一個自定義的布局,作為顯示的內容
View contentView = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(R.layout.pop_window, null);
PopupWindow popupWindow = new PopupWindow(contentView,
                LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, true);

popupWindow.setTouchable(true);
popupWindow.setTouchInterceptor(new OnTouchListener() {
  @Override
    public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {

        popupWindow.dismiss();//點擊自身關閉

        // 返回 false 表示不攔截 touch 事件,
        // 攔截后 PopupWindow 的 onTouchEvent 不被調用,這樣點擊外部區域無法 dismiss
        return false;
    }
});
popupWindow.showAsDropDown(view);//將窗口顯示在 view 的下面

指定彈出位置的一些方法:

//showAtLocation()顯示在指定位置,有兩個方法重載:

public void showAtLocation(View parent, int gravity, int x, int y)
public void showAtLocation(IBinder token, int gravity, int x, int y)
 
//showAsDropDown()顯示在一個參照物View的周圍,有三個方法重載:

public void showAsDropDown(View anchor)
public void showAsDropDown(View anchor, int xoff, int yoff)
public void showAsDropDown(View anchor, int xoff, int yoff, int gravity)

重寫 PopupWindow

public popupWindow(Context context){
    this.context = context;
    LayoutInflater inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
    rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.popup,null);
    setContentView(rootView);

    this.setHeight(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
    this.setWidth(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
    this.setFocusable(true);//設置成可獲取焦點狀態

    //當單擊Back鍵或者其他地方使其消失、需要設置這個屬性。
    rootView.setOnTouchListener(this);
    rootView.setOnKeyListener(this);
    rootView.setFocusable(true);
    rootView.setFocusableInTouchMode(true);

    this.setAnimationStyle(R.style.dialog_anim);//設置出現和消失的動畫

    //實例化一個ColorDrawable顏色為半透明
    ColorDrawable dw = new ColorDrawable(0xb0000000);
    //設置SelectPicPopupWindow彈出窗體的背景
    this.setBackgroundDrawable(dw);
    //這樣設置雖然有半透明的背景,但是出現的方式不太對

}


@Override
public void setOnDismissListener(OnDismissListener onDismissListener) {
    //在彈出框消失時
    super.setOnDismissListener(onDismissListener);
}


//點back鍵消失
@Override
public boolean onKey(View v, int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
    if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK && this.isShowing()) {
         //如果點擊了返回鍵,而且彈出框已經出現
         this.dismiss();
         return true;
    }
    return false;
}

@Override
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
    int height = rootView.findViewById(R.id.popup_linear).getTop();
    // 這個height 是彈出框中的 LinearLayout 在屏幕的位置
    int y = (int) event.getY();
    //獲取點擊的 y 軸,點擊的位置如果在彈出框的上面,是 y < height 
    if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP) {
        if (y < height) {
            dismiss();
        }
    }
    return true;
}

調用

LinearLayout linearLayout = (LinearLayout) LayoutInflater.from(getContext())
                .inflate(R.layout.me_layout, null);
popupWindow popupwindow = new popupWindow(getContext());
popupwindow.showAtLocation(linearLayout, Gravity.BOTTOM,0,0);
//這里的 linearLayout 是布局中的最外層的 LinearLayout ,所以這個 pop 出現在最下面

這里的例子沒有獲取布局中的按鈕設置 onClick 事件,
這個是和在其他地方一樣的,不表

背景變暗

搜到的很多資料的方法都基本一樣,用的最多的就是:

WindowManager.LayoutParams lp = getWindow().getAttributes();  
lp.alpha = 0.7f;  
getWindow().setAttributes(lp);  //讓背景變暗
mPopupWindow.setOnDismissListener(new OnDismissListener() {  
 @Override  
    public void onDismiss() {  
        //在關閉 PopupWindow 之后,恢復背景
        WindowManager.LayoutParams lp = getWindow().getAttributes();  
        lp.alpha = 1f;  
        getWindow().setAttributes(lp);  
    }  
});  

這個方法有局限性,還有一些是靠添加一個半透明的 View:
動畫彈出 PopupWindow 并使背景變暗
還有一些值得參考的:
Android - 利用動畫實現背景逐漸變暗

其實如果需要這種效果,還是用 Dialog 會比較簡單和理想,
詳細見于我的另一篇 Dialog 彈出框 筆記

6.0 版本不能 dismiss

簡而言之,6.0 版本下的 PopupWindow 需要指定背景,否則點擊外部和返回鍵都不能 dismiss,setOutsideTouchable(true) 無效,

popupWindow.setBackgroundDrawable(new BitmapDrawable());

對比 6.0 之前的版本,發現原因是 preparePopup() 的改動導致:

//6.0 版本下的源碼
private void preparePopup(WindowManager.LayoutParams p) {
    if (mContentView == null || mContext == null || mWindowManager == null) {
        throw new IllegalStateException("You must specify a valid content view by "
                + "calling setContentView() before attempting to show the popup.");
    }

    if (mBackground != null) {
        final ViewGroup.LayoutParams layoutParams = mContentView.getLayoutParams();
        int height = ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT;
        if (layoutParams != null &&
                layoutParams.height == ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) {
            height = ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;
        }

        // when a background is available, we embed the content view
        // within another view that owns the background drawable
        PopupViewContainer popupViewContainer = new PopupViewContainer(mContext);
        PopupViewContainer.LayoutParams listParams = new PopupViewContainer.LayoutParams(
                ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, height
        );
        popupViewContainer.setBackgroundDrawable(mBackground);
        popupViewContainer.addView(mContentView, listParams);

        mPopupView = popupViewContainer;
    } else {
        mPopupView = mContentView;
    }
    mPopupWidth = p.width;
    mPopupHeight = p.height;
}

//6.0 之前的版本
private void preparePopup(WindowManager.LayoutParams p) {
    if (mContentView == null || mContext == null || mWindowManager == null) {
        throw new IllegalStateException("You must specify a valid content view by "
            + "calling setContentView() before attempting to show the popup.");
    }

        // The old decor view may be transitioning out. Make sure it finishes
        // and cleans up before we try to create another one.
    if (mDecorView != null) {
        mDecorView.cancelTransitions();
    }

        // When a background is available, we embed the content view within
        // another view that owns the background drawable.
    if (mBackground != null) {
        mBackgroundView = createBackgroundView(mContentView);
        mBackgroundView.setBackground(mBackground);
    } else {
        mBackgroundView = mContentView;
    }

    mDecorView = createDecorView(mBackgroundView);

        // The background owner should be elevated so that it casts a shadow.
    mBackgroundView.setElevation(mElevation);

        // We may wrap that in another view, so we'll need to manually specify
        // the surface insets.
    p.setSurfaceInsets(mBackgroundView, true /*manual*/, true /*preservePrevious*/);

    mPopupViewInitialLayoutDirectionInherited =
    (mContentView.getRawLayoutDirection() == View.LAYOUT_DIRECTION_INHERIT);
}

兩者最大區別在于 6.0 以前不管有沒有設置 background 都會創建一個 PopupDecorView,而這個 PopupDecorView 正是負責處理 PopupWindow 的點擊事件。
6.0 下 mBackground == null 則不會創建 PopupDecorView,導致不能響應到點擊事件。

7.0 下 PopupWindow 跑到了界面的頂部

7.0 下 PopupWindow.update( ) 方法會導致 PopupWindow的位置出現在界面頂部:

public void update() {
    if (!isShowing() || mContentView == null) {
        return;
    }
    ......
    final int newGravity = computeGravity();
    if (newGravity != p.gravity) {
        p.gravity = newGravity;
        update = true;
    }
    ......
}

原因在于 update() 方法中調用的 computeGravity():

private int computeGravity() {
   int gravity = Gravity.START | Gravity.TOP;
   if (mClipToScreen || mClippingEnabled) {
       gravity |= Gravity.DISPLAY_CLIP_VERTICAL;
   }
   return gravity;
}
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