本期導(dǎo)讀：
新托福閱讀題型完全解讀之句子簡化題
?今天要聊的是托福閱讀TPO21 P2中的一道句子簡化題，它需要考生根據(jù)原文句子選出最能表達其要點的選項，不要改變句意，同時也不要遺漏要點信息。大家可以先試試這道題，看看自己會選哪一個答案呢？
原文：The temperature increased dramatically in a short period of time (years rather than centuries), allowing for a growth of the hunting-gathering population due to the abundance of resources.
5.Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
○The resources needed by the growing hunting and gathering population increased rapidly once temperatures rose.
○Dramatic temperature increases and the simultaneous growth of the hunting and gathering population led to the need for more resources.
○Higher temperatures led to the existence of increased resources, thus enabling the hunting and gathering population to grow.
○The dramatic temperature increase occurred during the few years when abundant resources allowed the hunting and gathering population to grow.
?在給出這道題目答案之前，讓我們先來分析下這類題目的特點。句子簡化題在考試文章中往往考查長難句的處理問題。它要求考生能迅速地從原句中提取信息，并能利用邏輯關(guān)系區(qū)分要點與細節(jié)，然后根據(jù)要點與邏輯選擇與之同義替換的選項。這需要考生在答題的過程中具備一定的斷句能力，邏輯關(guān)系判斷能力以及同義替換能力。下面就通過思維導(dǎo)圖的方式，讓大家對句子簡化題來個全方位了解：
了解句子簡化題的一些特征后，讓我們回到文章開頭提到那道題。
首先對原句進行簡單理解：此句主干為The temperature increased dramatically in a short period of time，非謂語動詞allowing for a growth of the hunting-gathering population表結(jié)果，介詞短語due to the abundance of resources表原因。
此處要特別注意“allow for”的意思，它的英文解釋是“make a possibility or provide opportunity for; permit to be attainable or cause to remain”。所以前面的“the temperature increased”會產(chǎn)生結(jié)果“a growth of the hunting-gathering population”。
所以此句話的要點是a growth of the hunting-gathering population。據(jù)此對比選項，會發(fā)現(xiàn)選項C中“thus”表“因此”，其后為該選項的要點“enabling?the hunting and gathering population to grow”，這與題干要點符合。再驗證前面的邏輯關(guān)系和其他部分，也一致。
此題故選C。大家都選對了嗎？
關(guān)于其它選項為什么會錯了？
選項A因?qū)⒈斫Y(jié)果的短語變成修飾語needed by the growing hunting and gathering population，導(dǎo)致句子缺少結(jié)果；選項B錯誤地將the simultaneous growth of the hunting and gathering population和dramatic temperature increases并列表示the need for more resources的原因；選項D將the dramatic temperature increase occurred和abundant resources之間的關(guān)系弄錯，并非時間關(guān)系，而是因果關(guān)系。?
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BEN英語說，BEN說英語。
分享一些英語知識，
提供一些考試經(jīng)驗，
偶爾走下心胡思亂想。
我是BEN，愿你我在這里都能收獲美好。
